Grasping project quality management includes two levels: one is enterprise level, and the other is project level. Let's talk about the understanding of grasping project quality management at two levels.
A, grasp the project quality management must cover all projects.
Engineering quality is formed in construction projects, and the sum of the quality of each construction project represents the overall quality level of the enterprise. High-quality engineering is the magic weapon for enterprises to win in the market competition. It is also a golden signboard of corporate image. Inferior projects will damage the corporate image and bring greater negative impact. In the fierce market competition, the positive effects of high-quality projects and the negative effects of inferior projects are not one-to-one, and the impact on corporate reputation can be said to be "ten reputations are insufficient, and one reputation is more than one". In order to maintain its own image, enterprises must attach importance to the quality management of all projects and improve the overall quality level of enterprises in order to be invincible in the market competition. Tanggu Branch has been adhering to the principle of "three things are the same" in engineering quality for many years (that is, the engineering scale is the same, the industrial and civil engineering is the same, and the key and non-key projects are the same), and the annual excellent and good rate remains above 95%, which has won a good social reputation and made it invincible in the fierce competition, which fully proves the importance of quality management in covering all engineering projects. Our company made a breakthrough in the implementation strategy last year, but due to the unbalanced development among various units, the overall quality level of the company was affected, which should attract the attention of managers at all levels.
Second, to grasp project quality management, we must choose a good project manager and a good project team.
The project manager is the authorized agent of the enterprise on the project, the first responsible person of the project quality, and the chief commander of the quality formation process. In addition to the necessary political qualities, he should also be required to know technology, be good at management, know how to manage, have a sense of quality responsibility, really put quality first, strive to do a good job in quality management, create projects, and "paste gold" for the corporate image, rather than discredit it. The project team (including the project manager) is composed of technical and management personnel, is the backbone to perform the quality function, and is the practical worker to implement the quality plan and the whole process control. Attention should be paid to the overall function when selecting the project team. In selecting project managers and matching project teams, our company has both successful examples and failed lessons. Some projects have good conditions, but because the project manager didn't choose the right one or the overall function of the project team didn't play well, the project excellence plan failed, and some even lost a market. Therefore, choosing a good project manager and matching a good project team is the key to the success or failure of project quality management, and it is also the responsibility of enterprise management. When selecting a project manager and project team, we should pay great attention to quality and performance, especially the key project that is planned to create a project or the first project to open up the market. When selecting a project manager, we should adhere to the principle of "good steel is used in the cutting edge".
Three, grasp the engineering quality must pay attention to the quality assurance system covering the whole process of engineering construction.
Quality system is the organizational structure, procedures, processes and resources needed to achieve quality assurance. The quality system (including documented system procedures) established by enterprises according to IS09000 standard should cover the whole process of project quality formation and operate effectively, and the key lies in enterprises (including regional branches) and projects. Enterprises should pay attention to improving the quality awareness of top leaders at all levels, give full play to the important role of chief engineer and technical director, establish a supervision system with the manager as the first responsible person, the chief engineer as the overall responsibility, and the quality and technical management departments and quality supervision departments at all levels to participate together, and train a group of experts in internal audit, management and supervision. Through supervision and inspection, internal audit and management review, analyze the whole process of project quality formation and all its quality activities, formulate targeted countermeasures and improvement measures, and supervise the effective operation of the quality system. As the management layer of the project and the executive layer of the company, the project management department should provide guarantee to the construction owner according to the contract while providing guarantee for the company's quality policy and objectives. It is necessary to establish a quality control network with the project manager as the core, the technical director as the main body, full-time quality inspectors, foreman, construction team inspectors, team leaders and their part-time quality inspectors, rationally distribute the quality functions of the construction site, improve and implement various management systems, and form an implementation mechanism with clear division of labor and clear responsibilities. In the whole process of the formation of construction quality, adhere to high standards and strict requirements, adhere to the "three inspection system" and the hidden acceptance system, and evaluate the quality of each division and sub-project in strict accordance with the national engineering quality inspection and evaluation standards. Make everything, every place, every time and everyone on the construction site strictly follow the quality management system, norms and procedures, and ensure that the quality system covers the whole process from project commencement to project acceptance, thus ensuring the realization of the project quality objectives.
Four, grasp the engineering quality must implement target management and quality control.
The project quality goal is to meet the requirements of the contract signed with the owner and the requirements of the enterprise quality plan. For example, some projects have excellent quality grades in the contracts signed with the owners. In order to meet the needs of the market, enterprises determine them as provincial-level quality projects or "Luban Award" projects, so it is necessary to set the final quality target of the projects in the provincial-level quality projects or "Luban Award" and design the projects comprehensively according to this quality target. First of all, according to the principle of "guarantee the unit project by division and item", the quality and overall target are decomposed layer by layer to determine the quality target of each division and item project. Then, according to the technical requirements and construction difficulty of each sub-project, combined with the technical level and construction experience of construction personnel, the key points of quality management and monitoring are determined. Before the construction of each subdivisional work, detailed written disclosure and quality assurance measures should be prepared, and the main person in charge of construction, technical and quality management personnel and all personnel involved in the construction should be called for disclosure, so that everyone has clear objectives and responsibilities. For new technologies, new materials, new processes and sub-projects with insufficient construction experience, personnel training should also be carried out in advance, and the construction technology should be determined through experiments or sample production. Organize mass QC group activities to solve the difficulties in quality control. In the construction management, we should also adhere to the "model leading the way", that is, before the comprehensive construction of each sub-project, we should organize skilled operators to make model walls, model houses or model layers. Especially the floor and wallboard, according to the panel specifications, specification requirements, drawing design drawings and actual structural dimensions, drawing layout design drawings in advance, and then making models. When it is confirmed through acceptance that the sample can meet the quality objectives and operation process requirements, all the staff of the construction team will be organized to conduct on-site observation, so that each construction team can not only have intuitive quality standards, but also summarize the operation experience through the "sample", further make in-depth technical disclosure to the team, and follow up the inspection and acceptance according to the sample quality standards, so as to achieve quality pre-control, less detours and one-time optimization.
Quality objective management and pre-control can be summarized as follows: determining objectives and defining responsibilities; Decomposition and implementation, detailed disclosure; Organize research according to difficulties and key points; Model demonstration, exploring experience; Tracking control, strict control.
Five, grasp the engineering quality must arrange cross homework, pay attention to the details and finished product protection.
In the decoration construction stage, it is often a multi-type and all-round cross-operation, which is a difficult construction stage for management. As the saying goes, "it depends on whether the decoration is excellent", which means that the construction quality in the decoration stage is very important to realize the overall quality goal of the project. At this stage, in addition to the careful organization and construction of each sub-project, the management should also pay attention to the reasonable arrangement of cross-operation, and pay special attention to the detail treatment and finished product protection. Reasonable arrangement of crossover operation, first, reasonable arrangement of working procedures, to solve the construction sequence of each sub-project, without affecting the construction quality; Second, it is necessary to arrange time and space reasonably to ensure the necessary technical rest of each sub-project; The third is to arrange manpower reasonably, ensure the construction period and prevent the slowdown.
Detail treatment and finished product protection are the keys to ensure the final quality of decoration. The so-called "detail treatment" is an idiom with two meanings: "detail" generally refers to a small part other than large-scale construction, the connection of various sub-projects and the connection of different materials and practices. For example: the intersection of walls, floors and ceilings (yin and yang angle); Intersection point of skirting line with wall and ground; Around doors and window openings; Around embedded pipes, cards, gold and reserved holes; Outdoor wall cornice, drip line, drip tank, frame joint; Around the roof drain, flooding and so on. The quality of these parts is difficult to be described by quantitative methods in specifications and standards, and most of them are not specified. However, these parts are all important parts that affect the visual quality, and are the key parts that reflect the construction management level and operation technology, which can make the finishing touch to the whole project quality. The word "treatment" means that the overall design of these parts is not stipulated and the requirements are not clear, so it needs to be properly treated by the experience and technical level of site construction management personnel and operators.
Deal with the details. First, do a good job in prevention and pre-control, that is, solve problems before contradictions appear. For example, the materials of indoor room floor and veranda floor are different, so the treatment of the intersection of doors should be considered in advance when making the ground base, so as to solve the problems of elevation, thickness, color and grafting method, and finally achieve a seamless transition with nature; The second is to unify standards, tools and practices, that is, the same practices should be consistent in different parts of a unit project, and the third is to be meticulous or serious. For example, plugging pipes, repairing reserved holes in walls, etc., we must select workers with good skills and strong sense of responsibility to operate carefully; Fourth, we should pay attention to the intersection of different disciplines, different materials and different practices and the final "handover …" process. As the saying goes, "basket weaving is all off", and the final handover process should not only ensure the quality of this process, but also make up for the shortcomings or defects of the previous process and play a "off" role.
The protection of finished products is particularly important in the decoration construction stage. At the beginning, measures should be formulated, responsibilities should be implemented, and cross-operation arrangements conducive to the protection of finished products should be made to prevent mutual damage or pollution, reduce the loss of renovation or rework, and ensure the realization of project quality objectives.
Construction engineering quality management is a systematic project, involving all levels of enterprise management and every operator on the construction site. In addition, the characteristics of long production cycle and many external factors of building products determine the difficulty of quality management. Therefore, construction enterprises must use modern management ideas and methods, establish their own quality system in accordance with IS09000 international quality management standards and maintain effective operation, covering all construction projects and the whole construction process of each project, so as to ensure the continuous improvement of enterprise quality level and remain invincible in the fierce market competition.