The first two are more common, you should know 8.

I found an article about shakuhachi-

The lost musical instrument-shakuhachi

Eight is the ancient national wind instruments in China. Bamboo, vertical blowing, top cutting, oblique cutting of blowing mouth. Its shape, sound and playing method are similar to those of Xiao, but the pipe is shorter and thicker than Xiao, and the sound ratio is larger. It was called "flute" before the Tang Dynasty and "clarinet" in the Wei and Jin Dynasties. During the reign of Emperor Taizong, in order to unify the legal system, Lv Cai, a music official, was ordered to re-formulate the music law. According to the standard that the yellow bell flute is one foot eight inches in Fa Di, Lv Cai called the flute "the foot eight".

In the Tang Dynasty, the shakuhachi had six holes (the first five holes and the last one). In the heyday of the Tang Dynasty, Buddhism was introduced to Japan with the exchange of culture. Toda Temple in Masakura, Nara, Japan still preserves eight shakuhachi in the Tang Dynasty. In Japan, this is called "Tang shakuhachi" and "Gu shakuhachi". But it didn't last long, and it disappeared in the middle of peace.

The Japanese popular shakuhachi was in the Southern Song Dynasty in China. When Japanese monks went to the Temple of Defending Kings in Hangzhou to meditate with abbot Wu Menhui, they learned the famous shakuhachi Zhang Shen's "Continued Duo" (later called "Xu Ling"). After returning to China, xingguo temple was established in Jiyi (now Wakayama Prefecture), Japan, and the skills of shakuhachi were inherited. It was once monopolized by the shakuhachi Sect and became an instrument of the shakuhachi Sect. As a part of the ceremony, shakuhachi was called "shakuhachi". Until the fourth year of Meiji (187 1), Puhuazong was explicitly abolished due to repeated abuses, and the shakuhachi remained in the world as a musical instrument, and it has become a widely popular national musical instrument in Japan. However, it was gradually lost from the Southern Song Dynasty in Hangzhou, the hometown of shakuhachi, and even in China. Fortunately, however, the former site of Huguo Temple still exists in Huanglongdong Zhejiang Art School. In recent years, many Japanese shakuhachi and Buddhist people have come to Huguo Temple to seek their roots and recognize their ancestors. The history that has been interrupted for more than 700 years can be continued, and the small shakuhachi is a tribute to the Millennium friendship between China and Japan.

The production requirements of shakuhachi are very strict. It is made from the roots of Phyllostachys pubescens, and it will take five years to make it. The inner wall of the bamboo tube is treated very carefully, and it must be painted several times before it can be used. In view of the complicated material selection, production process and long production process of the shakuhachi, the price of the shakuhachi in Japan is very expensive.

Japanese shakuhachi can be divided into traditional school and modern school in musical instruments and playing styles. The traditional shakuhachi is to retain and continue the style of China in the Southern Song Dynasty. Music is slow, solemn and solemn, and pays attention to the input of qi and emotion. The shakuhachi follows the ancient five holes (the first four holes and the last hole). With the development of the times, modern shakuhachi has changed the traditional five-hole shakuhachi into seven-hole, which has expanded the range and enriched the expressive force. His works are mostly modern music with theme, content, skill and emotion, which are widely used in folk songs, movie music, pop music, jazz, Japanese new pop music and so on.

With the in-depth exchange of music culture between China and Japan, this ancient Japanese national musical instrument will be restored and developed in my hometown.