Three understandings and three skills: know the basic knowledge of fire control, know the use of fire control facilities and equipment, know the skills of escape and self-help, know how to check and correct fire hazards, put out initial fires and organize personnel evacuation.

Four abilities:

1. Improve the ability to investigate and eliminate fire hazards, and earnestly achieve "self-inspection of fire safety and self-elimination of fire hazards".

Determine the fire safety administrator, who is specifically responsible for the fire safety management of the unit; Conduct regular fire inspection and patrol, and implement the post fire responsibility of employees; Fire hazards found in the inspection shall be eliminated immediately. If it cannot be eliminated immediately, it is necessary to formulate rectification plans, clarify rectification measures, implement rectification funds, and eliminate them within a time limit.

2. Improve the organization's ability to put out the initial fire, and earnestly achieve "early detection of fire, small fire".

Enterprises and institutions that should establish full-time fire brigades according to law should establish full-time fire brigades, and other units should establish various forms of fire brigades, such as volunteer fire brigades and "combination of prevention and elimination" fire brigades. According to the actual situation of the unit, formulate fire fighting and emergency evacuation plans, and organize regular drills to ensure that employees can be in place in time and effectively disposed of according to the division of responsibilities in case of fire.

The operator on duty in the fire control room shall hold the professional qualification certificate of special types of work in the fire protection industry, be familiar with fire fighting equipment, and be familiar with the procedures and methods of fire alarm handling and starting fire fighting facilities and equipment.

3. Improve the ability to organize personnel to evacuate and escape, and earnestly "escape from the fire and help yourself, and guide personnel to evacuate".

Employees generally master the basic skills of fire escape and self-help, and are familiar with escape routes and evacuation procedures. The unit shall specify the evacuation guide personnel to ensure that the personnel present can be evacuated in time in case of fire.

4. Improve the ability of fire prevention publicity, education and training, and earnestly "identify fire prevention facilities and popularize fire prevention knowledge".

Fire control facilities and equipment shall be marked with standardized and eye-catching signs, and the operation and use methods shall be indicated by words or legends; Fire-fighting slogans of "Prompt" and "No" should be set up in key parts, important places, evacuation passages and safety exits.

Implement the fire education and training system, and from May 20 10, conduct classified "four abilities" special training for fire safety managers in shopping malls, hotels, public places of entertainment, industrial and mining enterprises and full-time and part-time fire policemen in public security police stations, so as to comprehensively cultivate "four abilities" and create "people who understand".

Extended data:

Family fire prevention knowledge

1, the oil pan is on fire

When the daily cooking oil is heated to about 450℃ in the pot, spontaneous combustion will occur. If you don't know the common sense of fire fighting, or take the wrong way of fire fighting, it will lead to flame splashing and cause undue losses.

According to the fire department, the gas valve should be closed quickly first. Then put out the fire with the tools around you. If the oil pan is on fire, if the fire is not big at first, you can directly cover the fire with a wet towel or a wet rag to "suffocate" the fire. When the cooking oil in the pot catches fire due to high temperature, close the gas valve and quickly cover the pot to put out the fire.

If there is no pot cover, anything else at hand, such as a vegetable basin, can be covered. Household dry powder fire extinguishers are suitable for initial fires caused by oil pans, kerosene stoves, oil lamps and candles. After the fire is put out, the oil pan should be removed from the heating stove to prevent re-ignition.

When using dry powder fire extinguisher to put out the oil pan fire, it should also be noted that the sprayed dry powder should be sprayed against the pan wall, so as not to directly impact the oil surface to prevent the oil from being washed out of the oil pan and causing the fire to spread again.

2, away from the electrical circuit fire.

With the large increase of household electricity consumption, the fire hazards and fire accidents of electrical lines are also rising. Precautionary measures of electrical fire mainly pay attention to the following points: reasonable installation of switchboard, correct use of power cord, reasonable arrangement of wires and correct use of household appliances.

It is understood that many old houses and communities have not been rebuilt, and the wires installed indoors are exposed outside the wall, which is easy to cause short circuit of wires. In order to avoid fire caused by short circuit of wires, residents are advised to strengthen safety protection measures for wires installed outside the wall;

The aging, damaged and insufficient power load wires should be replaced in time; Especially in houses and warehouses where inflammable and explosive articles are stored, safety protection measures should be taken for wires installed indoors, and wires should not be installed outside the walls as far as possible.

3. Gas heater

Combustible gases, such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and natural gas (NG), are easy to leak when the cylinder parts are aging and are cracked during handling. Improper use of the gases may lead to fire and explosion accidents.

According to reports, the specific operation method of extinguishing gas fire: in case of fire caused by slight leakage due to imprecise equipment, wet cloth and wet sack can be used to block it. After the fire is extinguished, the leakage shall be filled in accordance with relevant regulations; When the pipeline with the diameter less than 100 mm catches fire, the valve can be directly closed to cut off the gas to extinguish the fire.

When the pipeline with a diameter greater than 100 mm catches fire, remember not to suddenly close the gas gate valve to prevent backfire and explosion; When the gas equipment is red-hot, it cannot be cooled suddenly with water to prevent the pipeline and equipment from shrinking sharply, causing deformation and fracture;

The fire near the gas equipment increased the temperature of the gas equipment. When gas fire and equipment are not caused, production gas can be normally supplied, but measures must be taken to isolate the fire source and put it out in time. When the temperature of gas equipment is not high, water can be used to cool the equipment; After the fire is put out, cut off the gas source, blow out the residual gas, find out the cause of the accident and eliminate the hidden danger of the accident.

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