Gas stations must have employees first. First, we should master the professional qualification ability of "gas station operator", that is to say, we should obtain the professional qualification certificate of "gas station operator". "Gas Station Operator" certificate is divided into five levels (primary), four levels (intermediate) and three levels (advanced). There are no technicians and senior technicians in this job because of the low skill content. In addition, employees must receive training from the local safety supervision bureau before taking up their posts, and obtain the training certificate "Operation Certificate of Hazardous Chemicals". At least full-time staff are required: 1 gas station manager, 2 measurers (and 1 gas station manager can also serve concurrently), one shift 1 sales staff, 1 accountant, and several oilers; * * * One class has 1 security officer and one class has 1 monitor. If you want to open a convenience store, you need a salesperson to sell goods.
In addition, if your friend wants to be a gas station manager, he needs to master oil safety knowledge, measurement knowledge, oil knowledge, non-oil sales knowledge, basic knowledge of lubricants, customer service knowledge, employee performance appraisal and so on. One way to master these basic knowledge is to find a management standard for petrochemical or oil gas stations, which contains everything.
Eight provisions on the prevention and control of occupational hazards of gas station employers.
Eight Provisions on Prevention and Control of Occupational Hazards of Employers 1. It is necessary to establish and improve the responsibility system for the prevention and control of occupational hazards, and it is strictly forbidden to fail to implement illegal production.
The second is to ensure that the workplace meets the requirements of occupational health, and it is strictly forbidden to work in an environment with excessive occupational hazards. Three, must set up occupational disease protection facilities and ensure effective operation, it is strictly prohibited not to set up and not to use.
Four, homework personnel must be equipped with protective equipment that meets the requirements, and it is forbidden to distribute fake and shoddy protective equipment. Five, must set up warning signs and cards in the workplace and post, it is strictly prohibited to conceal occupational hazards.
Six, must regularly carry out occupational hazard detection, it is strictly prohibited to resort to deceit or less leakage detection. Seven, must carry out occupational health training for workers, it is strictly prohibited without training or training unqualified mount guard.
Eight, to organize workers to carry out occupational health examination, the establishment of monitoring files, it is strictly prohibited not to file without medical examination.
3. What occupational diseases do gas station workers have?
1. Occupational hazards in gas stations: gasoline, benzene series, noise, carbon monoxide, tetraethyl lead, etc. 1. The harm of gasoline is that it is volatile and soluble in fat.
Mainly in the form of steam inhaled into the human body through the respiratory tract, and reached the human brain through blood circulation, causing anesthesia. It has toxic effects on central nervous system and peripheral nerves, and also has adverse effects on hematopoietic function of bone marrow.
Invasion route: respiratory tract and skin. Clinical poisoning manifestations: ① Acute poisoning: anesthesia symptoms, mental paralysis, unsteady gait, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, conjunctival congestion, cough, etc. In severe cases, coma, convulsion, muscle spasm, dilated pupils, dull light reflex or disappearance occur after inhaling high-concentration gasoline.
② Chronic poisoning: neurasthenia syndrome and autonomic nerve dysfunction, manifested as dizziness, forgetfulness, insomnia, dreaminess, loss of appetite, mood swings, etc. Further development can lead to multiple peripheral neuropathy, which is characterized by numbness of distal limbs, abnormal sensation, glove and sock-like pain distribution, decreased tactile sensation, weakened tendon reflex and disappearance. In severe cases, limb paralysis may occur, and neuroelectromyography shows neurogenic damage. ③ Skin contact with gasoline can dry and chapped, resulting in keratinized dermatitis; Women are very sensitive to gasoline. In addition to the above symptoms of nervous system, abnormal menstruation and cycle disorder can also occur.
Occupational exposure limits: PC-TWA300mg/m3. 2. Harm of tetraethyl lead Adding a certain amount of tetraethyl lead to gasoline used in transportation industry is a very toxic substance. When burning, lead is released and discharged into the atmosphere with exhaust gas.
If inhaled too much, it will make people's brains shrink. Clinical symptoms of poisoning: there are comprehensive symptoms of nervous system, digestive system and blood system.
The main manifestations of nervous system are neurasthenia, polyneuropathy and encephalopathy. Mild digestive symptoms are common digestive symptoms, and severe symptoms are abdominal cramps.
In the blood system, lead mainly interferes with the synthesis of hemoglobin and causes the changes of its metabolites. The damage of lead to kidney is more common in acute, subacute lead poisoning or severe chronic cases, with amino acid proteinuria, red blood cells, white blood cells, casts and decreased renal function, suggesting toxic nephropathy with hypertension.
Clinical indicators of lead poisoning: urine lead exceeds 0.08mg/l, blood lead exceeds 50μg/t, and occupational history and clinical symptoms are the basis for diagnosis. Occupational exposure limits: PC-TWA0.02mg/m3.
3. Toluene is harmful to skin and mucous membrane, and has anesthetic effect on central nervous system. Inhalation of high concentration of this product in a short time can cause obvious eye and upper respiratory symptoms, conjunctival and pharyngeal congestion, dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting, chest tightness, limb weakness, gait stumbling and confusion.
In severe cases, restlessness, convulsions and coma may occur. Second, it can cause occupational gasoline poisoning, occupational lead poisoning and benzene poisoning.
Iii. Protective measures: 1. Know enough about the toxicity of oil, and don't be careless. Work must strictly abide by the relevant operating procedures.
2. The state stipulates that the maximum allowable concentration of gasoline vapor is 350mg/m3, so the concentration of gasoline in production, storage and use places should be lower than this hygienic standard to ensure safe production. 3. Pay special attention to prevent gasoline from leaking and pay attention to the ventilation in the workplace.
4. It is forbidden to suck oil with your mouth, especially leaded gasoline. It is forbidden to add leaded gasoline to lighters.
It is forbidden to clean automobile parts and clothes with leaded gasoline. 5. Work clothes and protective gloves should be worn when contacting gasoline. Wash your hands and face with soap and water after work, and take a bath if possible.
Don't eat food and smoke immediately after contact with gasoline. 6. Oil depot staff are not allowed to enter the oil tank at will to clean the bottom oil.
If it is necessary to clean the oil tank, natural ventilation or mechanical ventilation should be adopted first to reduce the concentration of oil vapor in the oil tank. Personnel entering the tank must wear work clothes, rubber shoes and rubber gloves, and if necessary, wear filter gas masks, safety belts and signal ropes.
In addition, the outside of the fuel tank should be guarded by special personnel, and contact at any time, which is also convenient for rotation operation. The continuous working hours of each person shall not exceed 15 minutes.
7. When you find symptoms of gasoline poisoning such as dizziness, headache and vomiting at work, you should immediately stop working and rest in a place with fresh air. Serious cases should be sent to the hospital as soon as possible.
8. Personnel who come into contact with gasoline should undergo health examination before taking up their posts. Anyone suffering from nervous system diseases, endocrine diseases, cardiovascular diseases, hematological diseases, tuberculosis, liver diseases, etc. Not suitable for such a job. In the regular health examination, all patients diagnosed with the above diseases should be treated and recuperated without gasoline.
Pregnant women and lactating women should also be temporarily transferred. Fourth, the treatment of acute poisoning quickly moved away from the scene, lying in a place with fresh air, unbuttoning the patient's belt and buttons, keeping the respiratory tract open, and washing the skin and hair with soap and water.
Eye pollution can be washed with 2% sodium bicarbonate solution and boric acid eye drops. People who take gasoline by mistake can pour milk or vegetable oil, then induce vomiting, gastric lavage and catharsis.
Cardiac resuscitation is feasible in cardiac arrest, and adrenaline is forbidden to avoid ventricular fibrillation; Aspiration pneumonia can be controlled by adrenocortical hormone and antibiotics. The patient with hysterical symptoms was sedated. Chronic poisoning can be treated by traditional Chinese medicine, vitamins, hypnotics and low-dose insulin hypoglycemia therapy.
Those who have symptoms similar to schizophrenia can be treated as general schizophrenia. If the skin is red, swollen and blistered, it can be wet compressed with 3% boric acid solution.
100% urea ointment can be used for keratosis and chapping, and clam oil can be used for drying. Short-term glucocorticoid treatment and symptomatic treatment can be given to gasoline inhalation pneumonia.
Other processing: 1. The observed subjects have a physical examination once a year, focusing on the examination of the nervous system and doing electromyography as much as possible. Second, patients with mild acute poisoning can return to their original jobs after being cured; Patients with severe poisoning should be separated from gasoline operation after treatment and recovery; After the aspiration pneumonia is cured, you can generally return to your original job.
Three, chronic poisoning patients should be transferred from gasoline jobs, regular review, and arrange work or rest according to the condition. Related knowledge 1. Gasoline poisoning caused by workers' contact with gasoline vapor or liquid is a systemic poisoning disease.
Acute poisoning is mainly caused by neurological or mental symptoms. Misinhalation of gasoline into respiratory tract can cause aspiration pneumonia.
Chronic poisoning is mainly manifested as neurasthenia syndrome, autonomic nerve dysfunction and toxic peripheral neuropathy. 2. Acute poisoning should be quick.
4. How do gas station managers implement the occupational disease prevention law?
According to the provisions of the Law on the Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases, the employer that produces occupational hazards shall set up a bulletin board in a prominent position to announce the rules and regulations, operating procedures, emergency rescue measures for occupational hazards and
Detection results of occupational hazard factors in workplace. For jobs that cause serious occupational hazards, warning signs and Chinese warning instructions shall be set up in eye-catching positions. Provide information that may cause occupational hazards to the employer.
For the equipment, chemicals, radioisotopes and materials containing radioactive substances, Chinese instructions shall be provided, and warning signs and Chinese warning instructions shall be set in the eye-catching position of the equipment.
occupation
The Law on the Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases also stipulates that when concluding a labor contract (including an employment contract) with an employee, the employer shall truthfully inform the employee of the occupational hazards that may occur in the course of work and their consequences, measures for the prevention and treatment of occupational diseases.
Who, and stated in the labor contract, shall not conceal or cheat. The employing unit shall organize the occupational health examination for the workers exposed to occupational hazards before, during and after taking up their posts, and complete the examination.
Tell the workers truthfully. Laborers have the right to know the occupational hazard factors, harmful consequences and occupational disease prevention measures that are produced or may be produced in the workplace.
Training right
The employing unit shall conduct occupational health training for workers before taking up their posts and regularly during their posts, popularize occupational health knowledge, and urge workers to abide by the laws, regulations, rules and operating procedures for the prevention and control of occupational diseases.
Cheng, guide employees to correctly use occupational disease protection equipment and personal use of occupational disease protection supplies. Laborers should learn and master relevant knowledge, abide by relevant laws, regulations, rules and operating procedures, and use them correctly.
Maintain occupational disease protection equipment and personal occupational disease protection articles. Workers have the right to receive occupational health education and training. These are the contents stipulated in the Occupational Disease Prevention Law.
5. What are the main occupational hazards in gas station posts?
Article 15 of the Law on the Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases: The establishment of an employing unit that produces occupational hazards shall meet the following occupational health requirements in addition to the conditions stipulated by laws and administrative regulations: (1) The intensity or concentration of factors that produce occupational hazards shall meet the national occupational health standards; (2) Having facilities suitable for the protection of occupational hazards; (three) the production layout is reasonable, in line with the principle of separation of harmful and harmless operations; (4) There are supporting sanitary facilities such as dressing rooms, bathing rooms and lounges for pregnant women; (five) equipment, tools, appliances and other facilities meet the requirements of protecting the physical and mental health of workers; (six) laws, administrative regulations and other requirements of the administrative department of health and the supervision and administration department of production safety in the State Council on the health protection of workers.
6. How do gas station managers implement the law on prevention and control of occupational diseases?
According to the provisions of the Law on the Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases, the employer that produces occupational hazards shall set up a bulletin board in a prominent position to announce the rules and regulations, operating procedures, emergency rescue measures for occupational hazards and the detection results of occupational hazards in the workplace.
For jobs that cause serious occupational hazards, warning signs and Chinese warning instructions shall be set up in eye-catching positions. If the employing unit is equipped with equipment, chemicals, radioisotopes and articles containing radioactive substances that may cause occupational hazards, it shall provide Chinese instructions, and set warning signs and Chinese warning instructions in the eye-catching position of the equipment.
The Law on the Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases also stipulates that when concluding a labor contract (including an employment contract) with an employee, the employer shall truthfully inform the employee of the occupational hazards and their consequences that may occur in the course of work, the measures and treatment for the prevention and control of occupational diseases, and it shall be stated in the labor contract that it shall not be concealed or deceived. For workers who are exposed to occupational hazards, the employing unit shall organize occupational health examinations before, during and after taking up their posts, and truthfully inform the workers of the examination results.
Laborers have the right to know the occupational hazard factors, harmful consequences and occupational disease prevention measures that are produced or may be produced in the workplace. Training right The employing unit shall conduct occupational health training for workers before taking up the post and regularly during the post, popularize occupational health knowledge, urge workers to abide by the laws, regulations, rules and operating procedures for occupational disease prevention and control, and guide workers to correctly use occupational disease protection equipment and personal occupational disease protection articles.
Workers should learn and master relevant knowledge, abide by relevant laws, regulations, rules and operating procedures, and correctly use and maintain occupational disease protection equipment and personal occupational disease protection articles. Workers have the right to receive occupational health education and training.
These are the contents stipulated in the Occupational Disease Prevention Law.