For beginners who have just started to contact guitar, the foundation of music theory is very important. If you don't know music theory, you can't learn guitar well. The following content is an essential part of learning guitar.
Second, the sound name and volume name
Phonetic names, as the name implies, are more than just phonetic names. We use English letters to name every seven white keys on the piano (keyboard): C, D, E, F, G, A and B, which are called phonetic names. The white key in the middle is C, the one on the right is D, and the one on the right is E, and so on, repeating seven tones (only white keys). Among them, the interval from C to D is a whole tone, and D to E is a whole tone, which is in turn: E-F is a semitone, B-G is a semitone, and A-B is a whole tone. For example, in the key C, 1=C, that is to say, the sound name of 1 in the key C is C, and the sound name of 2 is D. So, in the same octave from C to D, how much is D higher than C? We say that d is one degree higher than c.
In the music system, although there are more than 100 different tones, there are only seven basic tones in the name, which are also called standard tones.
Ascending sound
Raising the basic tone by half an interval is called rising tone (tone? Sweat! : )。 It is represented by the "#" in the upper left corner of the letter, which represents a specific sound name. Such as #C, # e. . . . Only in the front, not in the upper left, sweat!
Descending sound
Lowering the basic tone by a semitone is called falling tone, which is represented by a "b" on the corner of the letter representing a specific sound name.
Variational scale: Variational scale refers to a scale with ascending and descending symbols, which is to add an ascending and descending semitone between each interval of a natural scale. # /kloc-0#2 = b3, # 2 = b3This is a homonym with different names.
First, the basic composition of music
A complete piece of music is composed of some fixed musical units. Distinguishing these musical units is very beneficial to learning music theory. A complete piece of music consists of many notes with different durations, different bars, different phrases from these bars, different paragraphs from different phrases and complete music from paragraphs. I will discuss these different components later.
1, duration
Duration is a very important part of music, which controls the pronunciation of notes. Only the notes played according to a certain duration can play beautiful music. When a person plays a piece of music, even if the notes are played correctly, if the duration of the notes is incorrect, then its music is very bad, so it is extremely important for us beginners to correctly contact the notes with different durations.
We give a definition of sound length: sound length is the unit that controls the length of notes, and its calculation unit is the beat.
At present, there are three kinds of notation: staff notation, staff notation and notation. Among these three different notations, the length of time is slightly different, but they are generally similar, and they are all formed on the basis of staff. 2. The notation used on the guitar: six-line notation.
Six-line notation is a universal notation specially designed for guitars in the world. We learn guitar, and he is the one who has the most contact. The basic structure of the six-string spectrum consists of six equally spaced lines, which respectively represent the six strings on the guitar, and the bottom line represents the sixth string on the guitar. Note that it is the sixth, not the first. This should be understood in reverse, then look at the spectrum from top to bottom, the penultimate line represents the fifth string, and so on.
There are different English letters on the staff to indicate different chords, and some special symbols to indicate the playing methods of some characteristic sounds, which will be explained in detail when learning these skills.
3. Representation method of specific time value
All styles of music are composed of many notes with different durations, such as whole note, bisector, quarter note, eighth note, sixteenth note, thirty-two note, sixty-four note, bisector, eighth note, sixteenth note, syncopation and some combination notes. I will introduce these different notes later. I want to learn how to express the duration of various skills on the guitar.
Third, major and relative minor.
Each major is related to its minor major that is six degrees up (or three degrees down), and they use the same scale.
Relationship major-minor in relationship
C & lt= = = = = = = = & gt； be
D & lt= = = = = = = = & gt； Bachelor of medicine
E & lt= = = = = = = = & gt； # cm
F & lt= = = = = = = = & gt； DH
G & lt= = = = = = = = & gt； Full-length
A & lt= = = = = = = = & gt； #Fm
bB & lt= = = = = = = & gt； scold or beat
Fourth, an overview of chord knowledge
Chords here usually refer to three or more sounds with different heights at the same time. The arrangement of seven-tone names is C, D, E, F, G, A and B, and any one of them can be used as the tonic (i.e. the root tone), and the third and fifth tones on it form the most basic triad, which is described as follows:
C : 1 3 5
D :2 4 6
Einstein: 3 5 7
Female: 4 6 1
G: 5 7 2
A: 6 1 3
B: 7 2 4
The above seven chords are all composed of three tones separated by three degrees, so they are called third-degree chords, and these seven triads are the basis of all chords.
triple
The above seven basic triads can be divided into three different triads by interval.
1, major triad
The tonic to the third * * *, there are four semitones; There are seven semitones in the fifth tonic. C, f and g in the above seven triads are.
2. minor chords
The tonic to the third * * *, there are three semitones; There are seven semitones in the fifth tonic. D, e and a in the above seven triads are. For the sake of distinction, it is written as Dm, Em and Am.
Step 3 subtract the triad
The tonic to the third * * *, there are four semitones; There are seven and a half tones from the tonic to the third tone. B in the above seven triads is. Write it as B-. Seventh chord
Because the above seven triads are not enough, you can make the following seven triads by adding a triad to each triad:
C7 : 1 3 5 7
Dm7 :2 4 6 1
Em7 :3 5 7 2
F7 :4 6 1 3
G7: 5 7 2 4
Am7 :6 1 3 5
B-7 :7 2 4 6
Among the seven chords, the seventh chord formed by the arrangement of the fifth sound G in the sound name, that is, the dominant sound, is the most commonly used one of the seven chords and belongs to the seventh chord G7.
Because the four constituent sounds of G7: "5 7 2 4" already contain the "5 7 2" of G chord. Therefore, in terms of harmony techniques, the use of C, F and G7 chords of major melody can accompany simple major melody.
It is worth mentioning here that the first step to play the notes correctly, or to learn the guitar, is to learn to tune the strings. If the guitar notes are not accurate, there will be problems in how to learn.