According to official data, from the beginning of the Nanjing Secret War in 1937 to the end of 194 1, they all withdrew to China. More than 2000 Soviet Air Force volunteers came to China, and 1000 directly participated in the defense battles in Nanjing, Wuhan, Nanchang, Chongqing, Chengdu and Lanzhou. * * * Shoot down more than 500 Japanese planes and sink more than 70 Japanese ships. More than 200 people shed their blood for China and sacrificed heroically. Among them, the highest positions are bomber captain Kurishenko and fighter captain Rahma Novo.
Sneak into China and enter Sichuan.
At that time, the Soviet Union sent more than 2,000 players and more than 300 military advisers to Nanjing, Wuhan, Chongqing, Liangping and Chengdu, which helped China a lot in the early days of the Anti-Japanese War.
China's air force is already very weak. There were more than 300 planes before the Anti-Japanese War, and they were lost shortly after the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War. By the end of 1937, there were only 30 planes left. Needless to say, it is difficult to compete with Japan, and the air superiority is completely lost. At that time, European and American countries adopted a laissez-faire attitude towards Japanese aggression, for fear of provoking Japan. At this time, China had to turn to the Soviet Union for help.
1In August, 937, Chiang Kai-shek had a long talk with the Soviet ambassador to China, Bogmolov, hoping that the Soviet side would allow Soviet pilots to join China's army as volunteers. Then, Chiang Kai-shek telegraphed China's ambassador to the Soviet Union, Jiang Tingfu, asking him to contact the Soviet Union to discuss the plane problem, and sent a secret telegram to Stalin, saying, "Especially the plane, we can't wait. There are less than 10 light bombers in China, and they are in urgent need ... "It can be seen that the situation was critical at that time.
Stalin attached great importance to sending troops to China and decided to form the Soviet Air Force Volunteers. Members of the Volunteers were personally selected by Soviet Air Force leaders Lakjenov and Mouche Gevich. These are excellent talents, experienced and fearless. 1937 10 the first batch of 254 people from two aviation brigades of the Soviet volunteer team went to China. June 5438+February this year, the Soviet Air Force Volunteers secretly participated in the war over Nanjing for the first time, confronting Japanese fighters.
Shortly after the fall of Nanjing, the Soviet Air Force Bomber Brigade rushed into battle, bombing Shanghai Port and Shanghai Airport, destroying many Japanese planes and sinking and injuring many Japanese transport ships and cruisers, which dealt a heavy blow to the Japanese army. During the period of 1938, Wuhan, Guangzhou and other places successively fell, and most of the Chinese and Soviet air forces moved westward into the rear area of Sichuan, stationed at Shuangliu Taiping Temple Airport and Wenjiang Airport. At that time, 30 Soviet planes were stationed in Liangshan (Liangping) to prevent Japanese planes from moving westward.
Air combat command center
A large number of planes entered Sichuan, which suddenly became lively. 1939 65438+ 10, the Aviation Committee of the High Command of the Japanese Air Force moved from Guiyang to Chengdu to direct the air force to fight against China. Chengdu once became the main command base of the Japanese Air Force during the Anti-Japanese War, so it is urgent to defend Chengdu. This summer, Japanese planes attacked and bombed Chongqing. Boda Itsev, captain of the Soviet Air Force Volunteer Corps, led a team to fly over Chongqing and launched a fierce air battle with Japanese planes. Boda Itsev was injured in the battle and died after parachuting.
June this year 1 1 was also the worst bombing in Chengdu. At the same time, the "Dasha" bomber brigade led by Soviet bomber captains grigori Kurishenko and kozlov was stationed at Chengdu Shuangliu Taiping Temple Airport, while another destroyer brigade moved to Chongqing, greatly strengthening the defense force of China Air Force.
By the end of this year, the combat strength of the Soviet Air Force Volunteers in China reached its peak, with more than 400 fighters alone, including Anisimov, air force consultant, Khuruyev, deputy consultant, and Ilyin, chief of staff. Since then, the Chinese and Soviet air forces have jointly studied the war against Japan and issued operational orders here.
1939 The second half of the year was also the period when Japanese planes bombed Chongqing and Chengdu crazily. The Chinese and Soviet air forces fought side by side and shot down more than 300 Japanese planes, which curbed the indiscriminate bombing of the Japanese aggressors to a certain extent. The Japanese plane failed to bomb, but only dropped a few bombs in the suburbs and fled hastily.
Kurishenko took part in several battles only four months after he came to China and died. Kurishenko is a major in the Air Force. After he entered Taiping Temple Airport, he fought against China, undertook the task of training Japanese pilots, and trained a large number of air force talents for China Air Force.
1in August, 939, he just finished training and received the task, and immediately led the plane to bomb the Japanese army in Wuhan. On June 3rd 10, the Soviet Air Force Volunteer Corps attacked again and flew from Chengdu to the Japanese Hankou Airport. At that time, the Japanese naval air force also greeted the arrival of six sophisticated attack aircraft of the Kisarazu Air Force in front of the command post. In the afternoon 1: 30, when these Japanese planes just landed, the Soviet air force suddenly appeared overhead and bombs poured down. Nana Ogawa, vice captain of Japanese Navy's Deer House Air Force, Ishikawa, vice captain of Kisarazu Air Force, and other officers died on the spot. The arm of Major General Tsuhara, who commanded the bombing of Chongqing, was blown off and more than 30 Japanese planes were destroyed.
Hero Kurishenko
10 14 is an unforgettable day. Kurishenko and makarov, the deputy battalion commander, led a fleet to take off from Taiping Temple Airport, blowing up 60 Japanese planes at Hankou Airport, killing more than 300 people. Even the Japanese invaders lamented that this was the biggest loss after the war. Just as the Soviet Air Force was about to return, more than 20 Japanese fighters came on the scene, and Kurishenko led a team to launch a fierce life-and-death struggle with the Japanese plane over Wuhan.
Japan was flying Mercedes fighters provided by Germany, and the Soviet Air Force Volunteers shot down six. The enemy plane aimed at the pilot Kurishenko's plane and surrounded it with three planes. Kurishenko shot down 1, but his left engine was also damaged and he lost his combat capability.
Kurishenko single engine rushed out of the Japanese plane, ready to return to the base. When flying over Wanxian at 2 pm, the plane lost its balance and had to land on the flowing water of the Yangtze River. When the plane entered the water, the bomber and shooter took off their flight suits and jumped into the water to swim to the shore, while Kurishenko was too tired to swim to the shore and sank into the river. It was not until165438+1October 3 that Kurishenko's body was salvaged and buried next to Taibai Academy in Taibaiyan, Wanxian.
1On July 7th, 958, the local * * * built a martyr's tomb for Kurishenko in Xishan Park. On the front and back of the tombstone are written in Chinese and Russian respectively: "Tomb of grigori Akimovich Kurishenko, captain of the Soviet Air Force Volunteer Corps who died heroically for the people of China in the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression".