Administrative management usually refers to the process and activities in which the government (the state administrative organ) is granted the state administrative power according to law, and uses administrative discretion with administrative efficiency and social benefits as the basic measurement standards within the scope stipulated by legal principles. The foundation of administrative management is the administrative power of the country, the lifeline of administrative management is power, and administrative power is the basis of all administrative phenomena. In the final analysis, the whole task of administrative research is to seek ways and means to ensure the effective use of public administrative power. The government is the main body of the public's administrative behavior and process. From the standpoint of legal and reasonable power, the government can effectively manage a wide range of social life by performing specific functions. "Legitimacy and effectiveness" constitute the basic value standard of all government administrative thoughts and actions. Therefore, in the process of implementing public administration, the modern government pays more and more attention to and emphasizes the modern administrative spirit such as initiative, pursuit of Excellence and innovative development. The government must be able to continuously improve the quality of public policies and the level of public management, continuously strengthen the service function of public management, and continuously improve the self-discipline and self-renewal ability of the government, so as to realize the scientific, legal and modern administration.
Since the Warring States Period, China has had the old adage of "attaching importance to matters, being knowledgeable, being honest, being upright, cultivating one's morality, keeping one's family in order and governing the country", stressing that to shoulder the heavy responsibility of state management, we should start with personality cultivation and manage a good family. Later, because the imperial examination was very popular in China, China paid more attention to the education of "ruling the country and leveling the world", and even all kinds of education took it as the core. China's public affairs management first developed mainly from the administrative discipline.
Employment direction
According to the regulations of the General Office of the Beijing Municipal Party Committee and the General Office of the Municipal Government, many colleges and universities further subdivide their majors into public enterprise management, human resource management, tourism management, logistics management and management science. Insiders pointed out that the urgent demand for management talents in the market will inevitably lead to the establishment of related majors in colleges and universities to meet the demand. Although administration has the word management, it has a political background. Affected by the political environment, employment itself is inherently inadequate. Political system and political theory are what a country must learn, which is related to the future of a country's development. But when it comes to each student, the major is not targeted, and the choice of majors that employers can replace is narrow. Many other majors that the administrative management major can do can be suitable or even more suitable, while many jobs that are suitable for other majors may not be suitable for administrative management.
Graduates majoring in administration have the basic theories and knowledge of administration, politics, management and law, and have been trained in theoretical research of administration, policy analysis of public affairs, social investigation and statistics, foreign languages, official document writing, office automation, etc., and have the basic ability of administration and preliminary scientific research ability. The positions for graduates majoring in administrative management mainly include: Party, government and military organs at all levels, people's organizations' policies and regulations research departments, comprehensive planning departments, personnel education and training departments, administrative supervision departments, comprehensive office departments, affairs management departments, organization management departments, various enterprises and institutions' party, government and military organizations, planning and deployment, consulting services and other comprehensive management institutions. Students' aspirations in school should be divided into three categories: "postgraduate entrance examination", "applying for civil service" and "directly entering the job market", and then students should be taught according to their goals. The nature and characteristics of the major of administrative management determine that we should pay special attention to the cultivation and training of practical work skills. By constantly updating courses, we should carry out teaching reform with case teaching as the core, strengthen practical teaching links, and improve students' social cognitive ability, interpersonal relationship handling ability and ability to quickly become competent for practical work. Practical education is the "highlight" of professional study, so students of this major should put social practice through the whole four-year study process. Professional knowledge has been tested by practice, and teachers have a personal understanding of what professional skills need to be mastered. Teachers seize the opportunity to solicit students' opinions on the existing curriculum, and then make adjustments and reforms.
Main employment directions: First, working in colleges and universities now seems to be the best place for administrative management majors, with comfortable work and stable treatment, but the threshold of colleges and universities has become higher and higher. At present, first-class universities basically only need doctors, second-rate universities only need masters or above, and universities below third-rate universities strive for graduate students. And now 985 colleges and universities are not taught by foreign students. This employment direction also tends to be saturated. Second, job transfer and civil service work are the second largest employment direction for administrative management majors, and job transfer is a very promising direction. However, job transfer requires high registration qualifications and few places, and there are generally professional regulations for job transfer, which basically does not indicate the need for administrative management. As for the civil service examination, many people think that it is an authentic employment field for administrative management majors. The major of administrative management really studies administrative activities, civil servants and how to be a good civil servant. However, the civil service examination in China has no extra care for the administrative management major, and the subjects of the examination are not too strong. Recruitment positions in many units have strong professional requirements. Because the recruitment of non-leadership positions below the chief clerk in the civil service examination requires high practical ability, students majoring in Chinese, computer, law or human resource management are generally needed, while students majoring in administrative management obviously cannot adapt to the specific requirements of non-leadership positions because of their training orientation in how to manage social affairs and how to lead administrative organs. Therefore, students majoring in administrative management should show that you have special qualifications when they take the civil service exam again. For example, if you are a student cadre in party member, or your writing style is extraordinary, or your computer skills are outstanding, you will have a greater chance of winning. Because the recruitment of civil servants is "selecting people by posts", that is, recruiting by posts, the recruitment conditions for each post are different, but there are some general requirements: 1, supporting the leadership of the China * * * production party and loving socialism. 2, law-abiding, good conduct, with the spirit of serving the people. 3. Solid basic theory and excellent study (work). 4. Have a college degree or above. 5. Except for a few approved special posts, the age should be under 35 years old. 6. Good health.
Industry salary
According to the Notice on Clearing and Rectifying the Subsidies, Subsidies and Bonuses of Organs and Regulating the Income of Civil Servants, the administrative level and length of service have become the most important basis for approving wage standards. The so-called 358 1 project, that is, through the reform, the monthly income of department-level, department-level, department-level and ministerial-level personnel reached 3,000 yuan, 5,000 yuan, 8,000 yuan and 1 10,000 yuan respectively. The national average 15487 yuan, the regional gap is 2.8 times and the work gap is 6.6 times.
Going to the enterprise is generally engaged in human resource management, secretarial, administrative logistics and other positions, and the salary is relatively stable but there will be no high increase. The salary ranges from 1 10,000 yuan to around 3,000 yuan, so the average annual salary of executives is 1 10,000 yuan. Because the major of administrative management has a wide range of studies, almost all of them involve liberal arts, economics, law and accounting, and the employment options are wide. However, due to the lack of in-depth study, we need to make great efforts to open up our own development space, such as continuing to study in different fields.
Postgraduate entrance examination suggestion
Ding Fan, a doctor of management at Renmin University, put forward that "for the postgraduate entrance examination of administrative management, it is best to find similar majors, such as human resource management and logistics management, and now the employment of management tends to be compound talents". At present, the management schools of many universities in China have two kinds of enrollment. One is a regular graduate student with academic qualifications and degree certificates. One is an on-the-job correspondence or senior graduate student who does not need an exam, has a degree or only has a certificate of completion or study. Comprehensive Grade of Graduate School: Grade of Administration (Source: National Master of Administration Admissions School Catalogue)
1. Peking University (Beijing) A++ A++
2. Fudan University (Shanghai) A++ A++
3. Sun Yat-sen University (Guangdong) A+ A++
4. China Renmin University (Beijing) A A++
5. Tsinghua University (Beijing) A++ A+
6. Zhejiang University (Zhejiang) A++ A+
7. Nanjing University (Jiangsu) A++ A+
8.Xi An Jiaotong University (Shaanxi) A+ A+
9. Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Hubei) A++ A
10. Wuhan University (Hubei) A+ A
1 1. China University of Science and Technology (Anhui) A+ A
12. Beijing Normal University (Beijing)
13. Tianjin University (Tianjin)
14. Xiamen University (Fujian)
Relevant qualification certificates:
As an independent discipline, public administration was formally established in China after the adjustment of postgraduate training major from 65438 to 0997, so it is still a quite young discipline. At present, it has jurisdiction over five sophomores: administrative management, social medicine and health management, educational economic management, social security and land resource management. In order to cultivate high-quality public administration professionals to meet the needs of the new era, the State Council Academic Degrees Committee decided to launch MPA professional degree education in China on May 1999. Of course, at present, only a few universities in China have set up special public administration colleges or departments.
MPA is the abbreviation of master of public administration. MPA degree education trains senior talents engaged in public affairs, public management and policy research, and trains leaders, managers and policy analysts with modern public policies, public affairs or public management theories for public departments, especially government agencies and non-profit organizations, and masters advanced analytical methods and technologies to master a specific policy field. MPA belongs to vocational background education, and the learning method is mainly on-the-job learning, emphasizing the direct implementation of professional degree education in the field of public management. The teaching methods are classroom teaching, discussion, simulation training, case analysis, social investigation and other forms. The teaching purpose is to cultivate and train the practical ability of public management. Therefore, combining with the reality of government departments and non-government public institutions, purposeful and systematic cooperation and training public management talents are the fundamental characteristics of MPA education. The starting point of MPA education does not come from the textbooks of colleges and universities, nor from the motivation of professors to create theories and systems, but from the problems existing in the field of public management, and strive to solve the problems that need to be solved in reality. The goal of MPA professional degree training is high-level, applied and compound professionals in government departments and non-government institutions.
Insufficient MPA learning: such as learning time and cost. MPA professional degree is mainly based on on-the-job learning. The tuition fee of MPA is generally between 30,000 and 35,000. Plus the expenses of travel and accommodation during the study period, 2-3 years of study generally costs 50,000 yuan, which is still relatively expensive in terms of further studies. ■