First, the management information system development model
The development mode of information system refers to the way for enterprises to obtain application software that meets the application requirements. The common development methods of management information system are self-development, commissioned development, joint development and purchase of mature software. Different companies need to adopt appropriate WMS development methods according to specific conditions. (1) developed by myself. Self-development depends entirely on the development strength of the enterprise itself, and the project team is composed of employees of the enterprise itself, and the information system is developed according to the characteristics of the enterprise itself. The self-developed system can meet the individual needs of enterprises, and the system is easy to maintain and can meet the ever-changing needs. In terms of capital investment, in addition to the necessary hardware and practical software investment, less development funds are needed. However, the independent development mode requires enterprises to have professionals with complete knowledge structure and experience in system development. (2) Entrusted development mode. Entrusted development is also called outsourcing development. That is, the contractor puts forward the overall framework of the information system and the development costs according to the development needs put forward by the enterprise. Once the enterprise is determined, it will outsource all the tasks of system development to professional software development units. Entrusted development mode is suitable for enterprises that lack system development professionals and want to have system source code and obtain a set of tailor-made systems. (3) Buy mature software. Buying ready-made software refers to buying developed and powerful special business management information system software directly from the seller. Unlike tangible products such as computers and televisions, software products are easy to observe and choose intuitively, and will be verified immediately in a short time. They are intangible products, and it takes a long and complicated implementation process to really see the effect. Moreover, buyers and sellers need to work together to implement it in stages in a planned way and work together to complete it. Their results and impacts cannot be accurately predicted in advance. In this way, it takes a short time to acquire the application software of the information system, but its implementation time cannot be very short, because only by setting various parameters and instantiating can the enterprise become a system that meets the needs and become an operating platform for the user unit. The main advantages of obtaining information system in this way are short time and high system reliability, but there may be situations that do not meet the unique needs of enterprises, and it is difficult to maintain the application software of the system. (4) Joint development mode. Joint development means that our company puts forward the development requirements and completes the development of management information system together with the cooperative units, and the development results are shared by both parties. This is actually a semi-commissioned development method. The applicable conditions of the joint development mode are as follows: the company expects to establish a training and perfect development technical team through the development of logistics information system to maintain and upgrade the company's future system, and the logistics company has relevant personnel to analyze, design and maintain the logistics information system and sufficient capital time. The advantage of this development method is that both partners can enjoy the developed source code, which is convenient for the future maintenance of the system and can also train the company's technical development team. The technical level of the system is higher, which saves some money than the entrusted development method. The disadvantage is that in the process of development, the two sides that need to cooperate should coordinate and communicate in time to reach an understanding, otherwise, it is easy for the two sides to have poor communication in cooperation.
Second, the problems that should be paid attention to in the selection of warehouse management system
The warehouse management system suitable for enterprises can effectively improve the warehouse operation efficiency and storage equipment utilization rate, enhance the inventory control ability, reduce the operation cost, and help improve the operation efficiency and service level of enterprises. When choosing a warehouse management system, enterprises need to know their own needs first. Many companies don't know their actual needs when they buy WMS, but they feel inappropriate when they buy it blindly. Before choosing WMS, you must be clear about your goals and business characteristics, so as to determine your specific needs. (1) Selection of development mode of warehouse management system. Different development modes have different requirements for enterprises, such as cost, time and talent reserve. Let's pay attention to two aspects of development mode: development and outsourcing. If an enterprise chooses to develop, it can choose the development mode from three ways: independent development, entrusted development and joint development. If you choose outsourcing, you need to choose the right software provider and the right software. The industry experience of software providers is very important, and the business processes of different industries are very different. It is best to choose companies with successful cases in the same industry to cooperate. In addition, we need to consider regional differences. Some internationally renowned warehouse management system manufacturers may be unaccustomed in China market, and the differences in environment and rules will affect the usability of the software. Generally speaking, it is difficult for an enterprise to develop an advanced, scientific and practical system by itself. Because independent development is difficult to touch the change of enterprise management thought, the effect of improving enterprise competitiveness will not be obvious, and only some processes will be automated. Even so, some companies have successfully developed their own warehouse management systems. For example, WMS of Wal-Mart is independently developed, and WMS of Amazon is also independently developed. However, this does not mean the superiority of independent development. Whether an enterprise chooses to develop independently depends on the situation. Wal-Mart was founded in 1962, and its logistics capability can be said to be one of its core competitiveness. At the same time, Wal-Mart attaches great importance to its own information processing ability, and some logistics models are pioneered by Wal-Mart, such as cross-dock, which has been said until now. So when Wal-Mart needs WMS, we look around and find that there is no suitable software to choose from in the market, so we choose to develop and establish Wal-Mart independently. This is very similar to when 3PL was just emerging in China, and we discussed whether to build logistics or logistics outsourcing. Haier's self-built logistics system was a typical case at that time. However, with the growth of the market, outsourcing has become more and more popular. The situation facing Amazon is similar to that of Wal-Mart. As the originator of online shopping, it is difficult to find software that meets the demand in the market, so Amazon also chose to develop it independently. For enterprises in emerging industries, WMS vendors don't have much experience, so it is more appropriate to choose independent development. If the internal R&D strength of the enterprise is insufficient, we can also consider choosing a powerful software company to cooperate. It is best not to choose mature and well-known companies. They are generally reluctant to modify the process for individual companies, but small and medium-sized companies are more suitable. (2) Avoid the risk of choosing a warehouse management system. Appropriate warehouse management system will bring rich returns to enterprises, while the corresponding inappropriate warehouse management system will not only consume the resources of enterprises, but also bring management confusion to enterprises. Therefore, it is necessary to avoid the risk of warehouse management system selection reasonably. First of all, in the process of selecting warehouse management system, it is not suitable to focus on the presentation report of software vendors. In many cases, the functions seen in the product demonstration are not necessarily used in the production environment. Looking at the demonstration, we can only know that the system "has this function in theory", and we also need to know the consistency between the software function and the demonstration function through on-site investigation. It will be better to ask the software provider to demonstrate the software function according to the data configured by the enterprise. Secondly, the experience of software providers in this field determines the success or failure of software projects. Experienced software vendors will give tips on some special details. Software selling points provided by software providers may be attractive in function, but some new functions are often not mature in technology, and further research is needed to decide whether this function is needed. Or replace it with another more mature technology to reduce the risk in the implementation process. Finally, it is necessary to reasonably set the final effect expectation of software implementation. Remember not to blindly pursue automation, place too high expectations on informatization, and set a suitable informatization goal according to the actual informatization situation of the enterprise. Informatization is a gradual process. Enterprises are at different levels of informatization development and have different demands for informatization. In addition, in the process of implementation, software providers should be included in the assessment mechanism of the company's entire information team. Comprehensively evaluate the qualifications of the implementers of software providers, who must have Party A's industry experience and be familiar with the operating environment of similar projects. You should be able to quickly ask questions such as task setting, project plan, detailed timetable, etc., and show that you understand the future work content and have the knowledge needed to complete these contents.
Take the exam and contribute.
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