Thoroughbred black-bone chicken is a kind of chicken with both egg and meat. It has the characteristics of strong disease resistance, wide applicability, love to eat grass, leaves and insects, rough feeding tolerance and extensive management, and its nutritional value and medicinal value are higher than those of ordinary chickens. It is very famous. Huiren? The variety of black-bone chicken used in brand black-bone chicken baifeng pill is a kind of green health food with great development value. The following is the plan of chicken eating project shared by J.L. Welcome to visit more popular entrepreneurial projects (www.oh 100.com/chuangye).
I. Introduction
First of all, thank the leaders for giving us an opportunity to come to this dance to show our immature ideas, and also thank the student union for its strong support. Thank you!
Secondly, I want to talk about why we choose rural entrepreneurship projects. In the eyes of many people, a college student who has studied for more than ten years can't stand in the city, but it is a shameful thing to go home as a farmer against his family's expectations. His investment in learning is a failure!
First, under the situation of the 18th National Congress, our country's economy will become the locomotive of the world economy, people's living standards will be greatly improved, and people will pursue healthier and more colorful diets. At the same time, the issues concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers will be highly concerned by national leaders, and the proportion of rural economic level in national income will be higher and higher. In this situation, rural entrepreneurship will be very profitable.
Second, the problem of college students' employment difficulties is getting more and more serious. Many college graduates are equal to unemployment. Instead of letting go of your so-called self-esteem and face, relying on your parents and being a burden to society in the city, we should regain our sense of mission of the times, go back to the countryside, go back to the grassroots, go where the people of the motherland need it, use our knowledge to develop our own careers, and at the same time drive farmers to become rich. Why not?
Third, with the development of rural public economy and the requirements of industrial modernization, rural areas will actively develop the modern business model and modern management model of supply and marketing cooperatives, and college students who have learned economic knowledge in theory and know modern management will have broad development space in rural areas.
Fourth, this year's college student village official project has been highly praised by the society. As a college student returning home to start a business, he will get more and more government support and social help.
Fifth, the cost of rural construction is low, the rural market is vast, and there are a lot of available but undeveloped resources.
Second, the necessity of project construction
According to Compendium of Materia Medica: Black-bone chicken includes black-bone chicken, black-bone chicken, spotted-bone chicken and white-skinned chicken. Is it better to take medicine if the flesh and blood are all black? . Black-bone chicken is a kind of medicinal rare bird, which has important nourishing function and can treat many diseases. According to the investigation, many Chinese medicine practitioners believe that it has a miraculous effect on cervicitis, edema, hepatitis, duodenal ulcer, arthritis, leucorrhea with red and white discharge, blood collapse, osteomyelitis, cerebral thrombosis and postpartum weakness. Black-bone chicken has small body and fine bones, delicious meat, thin skin and tender meat, rich nutrition, high protein, complete amino acids, rich vitamins and trace elements, and extremely low cholesterol. It is the best nutritional supplement for middle-aged and elderly people, pregnant women, patients with chronic diseases and people with weak constitution, especially those with cardiovascular diseases.
Thoroughbred black-bone chicken is a kind of chicken with both egg and meat. It has the characteristics of strong disease resistance, wide applicability, love to eat grass, leaves and insects, rough feeding tolerance and extensive management, and its nutritional value and medicinal value are higher than those of ordinary chickens. It is very famous. Huiren? The variety of black-bone chicken used in brand black-bone chicken baifeng pill is a kind of green health food with great development value.
Build new breeding ground of fine-variety black-bone chicken, develop and expand the market demand of this product with special health care value, so as to improve the quality of life of local people, promote the quality and level of local aquaculture through the radiation of fine-variety black-bone chicken breeding ground, and increase farmers' economic income; The ecological environment where the project is located is good, and it is an advantageous industry encouraged by the government.
1. Implement the construction of black-bone chicken breeding community to increase farmers' income. It can absorb more rural surplus labor, increase farmers' employment opportunities and allocate agricultural resources more reasonably and effectively, which is a new growth point for rural economic development and farmers' income increase in the new stage.
2. Implementing the construction of black-bone chicken breeding community is the need of strategic adjustment of animal husbandry industrial structure. Animal husbandry is a pillar industry of rural economy and an important way for farmers to increase their income and get rich. To realize the strategic adjustment of the industrial structure of animal husbandry, we must highlight the advantages, vigorously develop the black-bone chicken industry, extend the industrial chain of livestock products, develop in the direction of scale, standardization, standardization and pollution-free, and promote the upgrading of the black-bone chicken industry.
3. Implementing the construction of black-bone chicken breeding community is the need of large-scale development. Break the traditional farming mode, go out of the courtyard, change sporadic free-range farming into large-scale centralized farming, enlarge and strengthen the dominant industry of black-bone chicken, and accelerate the development of modern animal husbandry. The implementation of this project will help to improve the scale, intensification and standardization of black-bone chicken production, promote the transformation of production mode, enlarge and strengthen advantageous industries, improve product competitiveness and accelerate the construction of modern animal husbandry.
Through black-bone chicken breeding, the brand of agricultural products can be built for farmhouse music and rural tourism, which can maximize the development of local economy and promote the development of the tertiary industry.
Third, the market forecast
Black-bone chicken is a kind of black food, which has become a new development goal of nutritional food and functional food in the world, and has a very broad market prospect and huge market potential. Black-bone chicken and its products are very popular in domestic and foreign markets. With the popularization of black-bone chicken breeding technology and the increase of market demand, it will promote the development of black-bone chicken from breeding to applied research. With the improvement of people's living standards, the demand of black-bone chicken in food, nourishing, medicinal and ornamental aspects will gradually increase.
Black-bone chicken has extremely high nutritional value, and is rich in protein and amino acids, which is much higher than other breeds of chicken. Glutamate content is as high as 14.75%, lysine 8.08%, leucine 7.6 1%, crude protein 52.72% and crude fat 24. 17%. Black-bone chicken is rich in trace elements, especially black colloid and melanin, which is very popular in the market. With the deepening of people's research and understanding of black-bone chicken and the improvement of living standards, people will pay more and more attention to the nourishing and edible functions of black-bone chicken.
The medicinal use of black-bone chicken was first recorded in Compendium of Materia Medica, but it has a history of more than 1000 years. Black-bone chicken can nourish and strengthen the body, nourish yin and clear away heat, replenish qi and blood, dispel wind, promote fluid production and quench thirst. Used for various debilitating diseases, especially gynecology. In recent years, Chinese patent medicines with black-bone chicken as the main raw material have appeared continuously, such as black-bone chicken and baifeng pills, and the market demand is increasing. With the in-depth study of black-bone chicken and the corresponding chemical, pharmacological and clinical experimental research, more convenient and effective modern Chinese medicine preparations will be developed on the basis of the original traditional application, thus pushing the research of black-bone chicken to a new height.
Black-bone chicken is a natural health food with high vitamins, trace elements, amino acids, low cholesterol and low fat. Regular consumption can enhance human immune function, lower blood pressure and soften vascular function, which has high nutritional and medicinal value. It is a traditional nutritious functional food in China, and it is also the best-selling egg product in the market. At present, black-bone chicken farming accounts for only about one thousandth of chicken farming, which has great development value and is the most promising green agricultural product in mountainous areas to participate in market competition. Moreover, with the improvement of people's living standards, people's demand for black-bone chicken, a dietary health care product with the same origin of medicine and food, will greatly increase, with huge market potential and attractive breeding prospects.
Black-bone chicken market has a large customer base. Not only the elderly and children, but also patients and pregnant women have a special liking for the nutritional value of black-bone chicken. The majority of women and residents also like the beauty and taste value of black-bone chicken very much. If we can explain these clearly to consumers when selling, and highlight the health and function of the products, coupled with the high cost performance of the products and our quality service, consumers will definitely buy our products.
6. Black-bone chicken industry chain is highly developed. Black-bone chicken can not only be sold directly, but also become a delicacy in restaurants and hotels. Its chicken feathers can also be made into handicrafts, medicines, tonics and health products, and can also be turned into fast food through cooked food processing technology or processed into characteristic chicken feet and drumsticks according to local tastes. Moreover, its chicken feathers can also be made into handicrafts, and eggs can be sold or processed into mature foods and medicines; It can be said that black-bone chicken is a treasure. As long as there is technology, black-bone chicken will create high value for us.
Fourth, the principle of site selection
4. 1 site selection
Site selection should follow the following principles:
(1) Convenient transportation;
(2) The site should be high, sheltered from the wind and sunny, and flat vegetable and woodland, orchards and grasslands should be used;
(3) The environment is quiet, especially the strong and irregular noise should be avoided, so as not to affect the growth, development and reproductive performance of chickens;
(4) The chicken coop shall be at least 500m away from traffic arteries, residential areas, factories and schools.
4.2 Construction of henhouses
The henhouse should be built in a firm, dry and ventilated place facing south. Farmers should make use of existing houses as much as possible, and even if new henhouses are built, they should follow the principle of simplicity and practicality as much as possible. Henhouses are usually divided into brooding henhouses and adult henhouses. Adult henhouses are generally built with bamboo strips or wooden strips, and the roof structure is herringbone or monoclinic, which is relatively economical and can be used to build permanent henhouses. In the shed, bamboo strips or wooden strips are used to make a grid suitable for the area of the chicken house, and the grid is 0.4? 0.6 meters high and bamboo strips 2.5 wide? 5 cm gap 2? 2.5 cm, masonry can be built under the slats, and the house is equipped with feed trough, water dispenser, egg laying nest and other equipment. The henhouse is built on a per square meter 12 block, and wooden posts and fence nets can be nailed in front of and behind the house to form an activity area.
The brooding room requires good thermal insulation performance, and at the same time it should be equipped with corresponding brooding equipment.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) technology scheme
1, incubation technology and technological process
Incubation (17 19 days)
Hatching (19-2 1 day)
Disinfection of eggs
Breeding egg selection
2. Production technology of laying hens
Brooding period (young)
6 weeks
Breeding period (middle age)
6- 14 weeks
Breeding period (large and small chickens)
14-2 1 week
Laying period
2 1 week -82 weeks
Rejection period
Over 82 weeks
3. The technological process of raising chickens.
Brooding period
42 days
growing period
42- 175 days
Off-column
4. Health management and vaccination
Hygiene management: the living area and production area in the chicken farm are separated, and people, chickens and animals run in one direction; Adopt the epidemic disease and residue detection scheme certified by the national animal husbandry department; Implement disinfection; Set up a special egg bank; Improve and save all kinds of information; After the chicken leaves, it must be washed, disinfected and cleaned; No other animals are kept in the production area.
5. Feed production technology
According to China's "Raising Chickens in feeding standard", combined with the situation of feed resources in this area, and according to the feed nutrient composition table, the feed formula was designed scientifically.
6 stocking technology of black-bone chicken
Raising chickens in mountainous areas means using various forest belts, orchards and hills to raise chickens. The feeding management is as follows:
1. The grazing area should be wide, fenced, without stagnant water, cool and covered with grass and sand.
2. The simple henhouse in the forest is safe and firm, and can be opened and closed, which is convenient for the rest and management of chickens.
3. Control stocking density. The size of free-range chickens mainly depends on the carrying capacity of stocking environment and the intensity of supplementary feeding. If conditions permit, it is best to adopt the method of rotating grazing separately to ensure the coordinated development of environment and chicken production.
4. grouping. Generally, rooster feathers grow slowly and have strong fighting capacity, so the utilization rate of protein and lysine is high and the feed efficiency is high. Because of the difference of endocrine hormones, hens gain weight slowly and feed efficiency is poor. The practice of feeding male hens and strong and weak hens in groups is beneficial to different feeding, reducing stress, improving feed reward and chicken uniformity.
5. Chickens should be given enough nutrition in the early stage, especially protein, minerals and vitamins.
6, from indoor feeding to forest stocking and from chicken feed to chicken feed must have 7? 10-day transition period to avoid losses due to pressure. Supplementary feeding has gradually changed from full-price feed to farmers' raw grain. According to the actual situation, they are fed green feed once every morning and evening to let them eat freely. Late supplementary feeding is mainly at night.
7, regular deworming, general grazing 20? After 30 days, conduct 1 deworming, and conduct the second deworming every 20-30 days. Mainly to drive away parasites in the body, such as roundworms and tapeworms. Fenazolin, levamisole or prothiabendazole can be used. 1 deworming, each chicken is treated with half a piece of Quchongling. Give each chicken 1 tablet Quxuanling for the second time. It can be directly taken orally or ground into powder at night, and then mixed with feed for feeding. Be sure to mix medicine and feed carefully, otherwise it will easily lead to drug poisoning. Check the chicken manure the next morning to see if there are any bugs discharged. And clean up chicken manure to prevent chickens from pecking insects. If adults are found in chicken manure, the same dosage can be used to repel insects 1 time the next night.
8. The proportion of energy feed should be appropriately increased in the feed of big chickens to make them have moderate fat deposition, so as to achieve the purpose of fattening and listing.
9. The management of fattening period requires reducing the exercise of chickens, shading properly, keeping quiet, and controlling the indoor temperature at around 20℃.
10. Of course, we don't come from an agricultural university and don't know much about agricultural technology, but we can cooperate with agricultural technology stations and agricultural universities to seek help, or use rich books and online materials to teach ourselves, and go to farms with farming experience to master farming technology.
Seven. Environmental impact assessment and protection
The pollutants produced by this project mainly come from chicken coops and hatcheries. The pollutants are chicken manure, eggshells and a small amount of solid pollutants such as dried eggs and chicken manure. Eggshell is used as organic feed after composting and fermentation. A small amount of hairy eggs and dead chickens are buried deep.
The project strictly follows the pollution-free chicken quality standards of black-bone chicken breeding, and must pay close attention to quality and safety from the source of raw materials, and must formulate and implement a series of raw material production quality standards. This is bound to promote local black-bone chicken farmers to consciously regulate feeding, and will inevitably build chicken houses according to high-standard quality requirements, protect the environment, prevent environmental pollution, and produce black-bone chickens that meet the requirements of pollution-free food. At the same time, based on their own needs, the project owner will also increase investment in the reconstruction of agricultural production infrastructure in the areas driven by the project, improve the production environment and create a better production environment.
The main environmental problem of this project is the treatment of chicken manure. By taking the following measures, environmental protection problems can be well solved.
1. Fertilize directly at the planting site. After composting and fermentation, chicken manure is used to fertilize food crops and fruit trees on the spot.
2. Export processing. Chicken manure is made into dried chicken manure, organic fertilizer and other products through drying, sun drying and fermentation, and exported to the city and outside, keeping a close eye on the special demand for organic fertilizer in the production base of green organic agricultural products in order to obtain better economic benefits. Generally speaking, chicken manure treatment has high cost and low benefit, and it has the nature of environmental protection and public welfare.
3. Adopt biogas digester and biochemical pool for harmless treatment.
Eight, social benefit analysis
8. 1 Develop high value-added agriculture and promote structural adjustment.
The implementation of this project makes full use of the local superior resources, on the one hand, it cultivates and strengthens the aquaculture industry in rural areas of Shenyang, on the other hand, it promotes the adjustment of the local rural economic structure. It has promoted the development of feed distribution, veterinary drugs and equipment, vaccines and other industries, and also promoted the production development of feed industry, planting industry, transportation industry and related industries, which has a very important role in stabilizing and prospering the market, helping rural areas to get rich for a long time, and promoting farmers' income.
8.2 Improve the industrial chain and promote industrialization.
In this project, farmers' professional cooperatives take the lead in organizing and managing the breeding of black-bone chickens. Cooperatives provide guidance and training on chicks, black-bone chicken feed and breeding technology for large chicken farmers. For adult chickens of large chicken farmers, cooperatives recycle them at market protection prices, give full play to the role of cooperatives and actively expand sales channels. Gradually formed a complete? Chicken, farmers, chicken companies, recycling, deep processing, marketing? Industrial chain. This idea of industrial chain development protects the economic interests of chicken farmers in the project area and relieves the worries of farmers. At the same time, due to the brand effect, the promotion of tourism should also be highly praised.
8.3 Analysis of Radiation Driving Ability
After the project is completed, it can directly drive farmers to join professional cooperatives and attract farmers to participate in aquaculture. Radiation has driven many towns and villages in the project area.
8.4 Evaluation on Increasing Farmers' Income and Increasing Agricultural Efficiency
1. Increase farmers' income
1, direct drive
Under the operation mode of the project, the cooperative provides chicks, feed and veterinary drugs, and farmers provide venues and labor to raise black-bone chickens. Each chicken in the cooperative gives money to 4 yuan, a large household, and each farmer produces 3,000 black-bone chickens every year, with an annual net income of 1.2 million yuan. If farmers have joined the cooperative, they should also pay dividends according to their shareholding ratio.
2. Indirect driving
On the basis of developing large-scale farmers, green farmers' professional cooperatives first recruit 400 large-scale farmers as cooperative shareholders, and then promote farmers to join the cooperative model through large-scale farmers, thus increasing farmers' income.
2. Increase agricultural income
The adjustment effect of this project on rural economic structure is obvious. Through the driving effect of this project, the number of pollution-free and high-quality black-bone chicken farmers driven by cooperatives will continue to increase, and more and more farmers will join this industrial system. Through the support of large-scale farmers, more and more large-scale black-bone chicken farmers will be formed in the project area, and the main income source of farmers will also change from the original self-produced and self-sold crops to the dividend income from cooperation with cooperatives. At the same time, with the continuous increase of large-scale farmers, their production scale and influence scope will be further expanded, which will drive another part of farmers to break away from traditional farming management and form modern agricultural production.
3. Comparative analysis of project area and non-project area
(1) Income increase: As mentioned above, compared with the non-project area, the project area shows income increase.
(2) Reduce investment: The project construction will provide free chicks and feed for farmers through cooperatives, and reduce investment for farmers.
(3) Free technical services
Compared with the non-project area, the project area will enjoy all kinds of technical services provided by the cooperative free of charge, which can reduce the breeding cost for farmers.
5. Other impact assessments
In recent years, with the improvement of people's consumption level and the change of people's travel mode, rural tourism will be enthusiastically invested by urban residents. In this situation, the vigorous development of farmhouse music requires reliable, high-quality and attractive agricultural food. This project is solving this problem, and the high-end hotels in the project area will get a reliable supplier.
Nine. Investment estimation and financing
1 Sources of funds and financing
State-supported green food and vegetable basket projects are financed by financial support, bank loans and self-financing, including: self-financing of 300,000 yuan, bank loans of 20,000-50,000 yuan, and subsidies of 0-50,000 yuan for state support for agriculture, animal husbandry and aquaculture.
2. Project construction investment estimation equipment: 2 sets of Keyu CFG microcomputer full-automatic incubators, feed processing equipment 1 set, 5 sets of laying hens and breeding cages, with supporting power distribution. Veterinary epidemic prevention heating facilities.
The working capital is 50,000 yuan, which is not included in the total investment.
3. Project construction content
Build a large-scale brooding room in the project area, concentrate on raising chicks, and provide them to the surrounding large black-bone chicken breeders. The henhouse requires good thermal insulation, convenient ventilation and drying, convenient cleaning and disinfection, which is conducive to epidemic prevention and operation. It is open, not closed. According to the annual brooding of 4 batches of 30 nests per square meter, the construction area of a single brooding room is 250 square meters, and the brooding room is built with a total construction area of 600 square meters. Each hatchery hatches 8000 chickens every year.
Accessory buildings: laboratory, office and living room, feed warehouse, with a building area of 60 square meters.
Equipment procurement: cages, brooding insulation equipment, feeding utensils, drinking fountains, ventilation equipment, sinks, etc.
4. Estimated total investment of the project
1. Investment in fixed assets
The investment in fixed assets of this project is estimated to be 40,000 ~ 48,000 yuan;