Yangling is located in the middle of Guanzhong Plain in Shaanxi Province, 82 kilometers east of Xi and 86 kilometers west of Baoji, covering an area of 94 square kilometers. The total population of Yangling District under its jurisdiction is 1.6 million, and the urban population is 80,000. 1In July, 1997, the State Council approved the formal establishment of Yangling District, which was incorporated into the management of national high-tech zones, with a planned area of 22,438+02 square kilometers.
Yangling is the birthplace of farming civilization in China. As early as more than 4,000 years ago, Hou Ji, the earliest agricultural official in the history of China, "taught the people to plow and grow crops" in this area, which initiated the farming civilization in China. 1934, Mr. Yu Youren, a veteran of the Revolution of 1911, founded the first agricultural college in northwest China, the National Northwest A&F University, which is now the predecessor of Northwest A&F University. In the following decades, especially after the founding of New China, the state and Shaanxi Province successively laid out and built a number of science, education, agriculture, forestry and water units. By the time 1997 was established, there were already 10 agricultural science and education units, including two universities, five research institutes and three technical secondary schools. In less than 4 square kilometers of land, nearly 5,000 scientific and educational personnel from 70 disciplines, such as agriculture, forestry and water, have gathered, which is known as the "city of agriculture" in China. But when the infrastructure conditions here are very backward, it is just a backward northern town, lacking basic urban functions.
In the first few years of the establishment of the demonstration area, an average of nearly 100 science and education backbones were lost every year. In order to stabilize the talents here, give full play to the advantages of agricultural science and education here, and promote the agricultural development in arid and semi-arid areas in China, the State Council decided to set up Yangling District in July 1997, and implemented the leadership management system of "provincial ministries * * *", which was led by the national 19 ministries and jointly built with Shaanxi Province * * *.
The tasks entrusted to Yangling by the state are: through system reform and scientific and technological innovation, quickly transform scientific and technological advantages into industrial advantages, rely on scientific and technological demonstration and industrialization, promote the sustainable development of agriculture in arid and semi-arid areas of China, drive the strategic adjustment of agricultural industrial structure in this area and increase farmers' income, and finally contribute to the industrialization and modernization of agriculture in China. In "Thoughts on Agricultural Reform and Development", "Cultivate, attract and bring into play the role of talents". The combination of agriculture, science and education, the combination of Industry-University-Research, the reform of science and education system, the research and development of arid agriculture, foreign exchange and cooperation, the construction of provincial offices, the extension of agricultural industrial chain, and the reform of administrative system have played an exemplary role.
Under the cordial care of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, under the correct leadership of the national 19 ministries and commissions, the Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee and the provincial government, after more than nine years of efforts, the construction of the demonstration area has made remarkable progress.
Accelerating the process of urbanization has created important guarantee conditions for stabilizing the scientific and educational team, attracting talents and accelerating industrial development. Since 10, according to the principle of "perfect function, reasonable layout, distinctive features and moderate scale", the built-up area of standard cities has expanded from 3.6 square kilometers to 16 square kilometers, the urban population has increased from more than 30,000 to more than 80,000, and the facilities and functions are relatively perfect.
By the end of 2006, the total investment in fixed assets in the demonstration area was 6.8 billion yuan, including 3 billion yuan in basic and public service facilities and 3.8 billion yuan in enterprises and society. More than 40 kilometers of municipal road network, water, electricity, heat communication and other supporting pipe networks, natural gas thermal power plants, waterworks, sewage treatment plants, garbage treatment plants and urban heating centers have been built, and more than 300,000 square meters of housing projects, 6,543.8+0,000 square meters of commercial housing, fully functional entrepreneurial centers, four-star international convention and exhibition centers, standard high schools, primary schools and kindergartens with advanced facilities, water sports centers and high-standard hospitals have been built. It has formed the embryonic form of a small city with ecological pastoral scenery, passed the international and domestic certification of ISO 1400 1 environmental management system, and has now become a national tourism demonstration area and a national health area.
Promote the integration of Industry-University-Research, and the agricultural high-tech industry led by improved varieties of agriculture and animal husbandry, environmental protection agricultural materials, green food and bioengineering (pharmacy) has begun to take shape.
Developing agricultural high-tech industry is not only an important way to realize industrialization and enhance demonstration and driving ability, but also an inevitable requirement to enhance self-development ability. By strengthening investment attraction, we can realize the combination of Industry-University-Research and promote the industrialization of achievements. At present, there are more than 850 registered enterprises in the region, including 22 foreign-invested enterprises. It has initially formed four characteristic industries: improved varieties of agriculture and animal husbandry, environmental protection agricultural materials, green food and bioengineering (pharmacy).
Agriculture, animal husbandry and aquaculture is Yangling's traditional dominant industry, and it is also an important way to promote, demonstrate and industrialize agriculture, and expand the demonstration effect of foreign science and technology. Qin Feng, Keyuan, Zheng Da and other high-tech enterprises engaged in the production and sales of improved varieties of agriculture and animal husbandry have been introduced and cultivated. It has advanced technical achievements and excellent varieties such as beef cattle breed improvement, milk (meat) cattle breeding, hybrid wheat and "double-low" hybrid rape, and the market radiates to five northwest provinces, with an annual transaction volume of about 600 million yuan. Yangling has become the most important distribution center for improved varieties of agriculture and animal husbandry in northwest China. With the expansion of the industry scale of improved varieties of agriculture and animal husbandry, the role of foreign scientific and technological demonstration is becoming increasingly obvious.
The agglomeration effect of Yangling environmental protection agricultural resources industry is taking shape and has become the most important production base of environmental protection agricultural resources in northwest China. There are more than 60 environmental protection agricultural enterprises represented by Juchuan Fuwan Potash Fertilizer, Qinchuan Water Saving, Bodison Agrochemical, Qin Feng Agrochemical and Dingtian Agrochemical, with a number of high-tech products such as bio-potash fertilizer and pollution-free pesticides. Environmental protection agricultural enterprises have established agricultural product demonstration bases and demonstration sites in various places, which not only expanded the publicity effect and sales scale of products, but also promoted farmers' enthusiasm for applying new technologies and new products, improved agricultural production efficiency and increased farmers' income.
The green food industry has formed a certain scale. By establishing agricultural products processing bases and raw material bases in various places, we will promote the adjustment of local industrial structure and extend the industrial chain. There are 38 food processing enterprises with an annual sales income of about 800 million yuan. The green food industry, mainly processing fruit juice, dairy products, bee products, meat products, alcohol and vegetables, has formed a certain scale. Lihua Liquor Industry, Contemporary Bee Industry and Shengsang Beverage have become well-known regional brands. The development of a number of green food enterprises, such as Shaanxi Hengxing Juice Company with an annual output of 6.5438+0.8 million tons and Shaanxi Contemporary Bee Industry Company with an annual output of more than 4,000 tons, has gradually scaled up the deep processing of agricultural and sideline products and the food industry in the demonstration area.
Yangling's bioengineering (medicine) industry has grown from scratch, and its concentration ranks second in the province. At the same time, under the guidance of experts from Northwest A&F University, Chinese herbal medicine bases have been established in southern Shaanxi and other places, which has promoted the adjustment of local industrial structure and increased farmers' income. There are 16 pharmaceutical enterprises, of which 1 1 has passed GMP certification. A number of biomedical high-tech enterprises with independent intellectual property rights and strong competitiveness of leading products have grown up, such as Green Vaccine, Good Pharmaceutical, Madison Pharmaceutical, Saide Bio, Hengtong Guanghua and so on. For example, Hao's leading product, Compound Zaofan Pill, won the "National Secret Invention Patent Certificate" and was rated as "National Secret Science and Technology Project" by the Ministry of Science and Technology and the State Secrecy Bureau. Drugs such as Huanglong Kechuan Capsule independently developed by Madison Company have gained a good reputation in the market and formed a certain production scale.
Industrial development has enhanced Yangling's self-development ability to a certain extent. Compared with 1997, the main economic development indicators of the demonstration area in 2006:
The total industrial output value increased from10.20 billion yuan to 2 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 36.7%;
The GDP increased from 309 million yuan to 2.065 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 23.5%;
Investment in fixed assets increased from 30-40 million yuan per year to 8 1 100 million yuan per year;
The income from technology, industry and trade has increased from several million yuan to 6.8 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 40%-60%;
Foreign trade exports from scratch, reaching 93.22 million US dollars;
Fiscal revenue increased from13.69 million yuan to 223 million yuan, with an average annual increase of 36.4%.
With the implementation of the reform of science and education system, the mechanism of closely combining agricultural science and education with Industry-University-Research has taken shape, and the teaching quality and scientific and technological innovation ability have been significantly enhanced.
1September, 1999, with the approval of the State Council, Yangling 10 agricultural scientific research and teaching units merged to form two universities, Northwest A&F University and Yangling Vocational and Technical College, which realized the first substantive merger of educational and scientific research units in China. After eight years' development, Yangling's scientific and educational strength has been obviously enhanced, and she has embarked on a new way of running a school with the combination of agriculture and education and the integration of Industry-University-Research. The number of students in school increased from 6,543,800+0,000 before the merger to 35,000, and the number of graduate students increased from 700 to 5,000. Northwest A&F University has successively entered the national "985 Project" and "2 1 1 Project", adding 7 national and provincial laboratories and research bases and 3 national key disciplines. The number of authorized doctoral programs in the first-level discipline increased from 3 to 1 1, and the number of authorized doctoral programs in the two disciplines increased from 15 to 7 1, and the number of master's degrees increased from 39 to 105. In 2005, Northwest A&F University passed the excellent evaluation of undergraduate teaching by the Ministry of Education, and passed the formal evaluation of graduate school in 2006, and the teaching quality improved rapidly. Yangling Vocational and Technical College has also been identified as one of the first national demonstration vocational colleges and entered the ranks of national key vocational colleges.
The vitality inspired by the new system and mechanism has promoted the leap-forward development of scientific and technological innovation and high-tech industrialization. Talent work has achieved a historic turning point. In recent years, more than 300 talents with master's degree or above have been introduced, and more than 0 overseas talents 10 have been introduced since 2006. More than 200 in-service teachers went abroad for further study. Through introduction and training, a number of outstanding academic leaders are forming. At present, it has formed obvious characteristics and advantages in the fields of animal and plant genetic breeding, soil and water conservation and ecological restoration, plant protection, prevention and control of major animal diseases, agricultural soil and water engineering and so on. , and achieved many important results. He won more than 20 provincial and ministerial science and technology achievement awards 120, including 4 national120, and made a number of important achievements, such as somatic goat cloning, biological pesticide creation, embryonic stem cell research, hybrid wheat breeding, water-saving agriculture, and comprehensive management of the Loess Plateau. The transformation rate of scientific and technological achievements has increased from 32% to 47%.
What is particularly gratifying and encouraging is that at the 2006 National Science and Technology Awards Conference, Li Zhensheng, an academician of China Academy of Sciences and a geneticist, was awarded the highest national science and technology award. Academician Li Zhensheng worked and lived in Yangling for 365,438+0 years. Two of his three scientific and technological achievements were completed in Yangling. Among them, the series of varieties represented by Xiaoyan 6 pioneered the large-scale popularization of wheat distant hybrid varieties in China, with 79 derived varieties and an extension area of more than 300 million mu, which is the pride of Shaanxi and Yangling.
The problems of rural development and farmers' income increase in this area have been well solved.
Solving the problem of rural development and farmers' income increase in the region is not only the demand of Yangling's own development, but also the experience accumulation and model exploration of going out to demonstrate. Through the implementation of "school village construction", new agricultural technologies and new products are first popularized and applied in Yangling. Introduce and cultivate leading enterprises in agricultural industrialization, encourage the development of various farmers' professional associations, implement the model of "company+scientific and educational personnel+farmers" and "science and technology+professional associations+farmers", and gradually establish an agricultural industrialization management system driven by leading enterprises and integrating the production, processing and sales of agricultural products. Develop leading industries such as facility agriculture and animal husbandry according to local conditions, vigorously adjust the agricultural industrial structure, and form a good situation of all-round development of rural areas and continuous increase of farmers' income. In 2003, the per capita net income of farmers in Yangling increased from 1396 yuan in 1997 to 2,847 yuan, achieving the goal of "doubling" proposed by Comrade Lan Qing. After that, it continued to grow at a faster rate, reaching 3820 yuan in 2006.
A good mechanism for foreign scientific and technological demonstration has taken shape and achieved remarkable results.
10 Over the years, driven by scientific and technological demonstration and industrialization, the demonstration area has gradually explored and formed various effective forms. The CMC and two universities have established 150 demonstration and extension bases of agricultural science and technology in six provinces and regions nationwide, introduced and promoted more than 700 kinds of domestic and foreign improved varieties, trained more than 4 million farmers, popularized more than 200 million mu of improved varieties of agricultural and forestry crops, and controlled more than 200 square kilometers of soil erosion. The "Expert Courtyard" jointly established by Northwest A&F University and Baoji, which benefited more than 5,000 people, took the form of "scientific research+base+farmers", effectively promoting the adjustment of local industrial structure and the scientific and technological content of agriculture; The model of "company+experts+farmers" and "company+base+farmers" led by enterprises has established more than 200 demonstration sites and raw material bases in more than 10 provinces and regions across the country; Yangling Ganxing Company's "dynamic expert+company+customer (farmers, enterprises, government)" model has realized "farmers don't go out, experts are invited home"; The activity of "Broadcasting Technology in 100 Counties" carried out by Yangling TV Station directly benefited 5 million people. Agricultural science and technology news has spread all over the country, becoming the main carrier for farmers to understand science and technology and market information, and becoming one of the most popular media for farmers. The "media promotion model" popularized and implemented has been well received by farmers. The construction of "ecological campus" characterized by circular economy in rural primary and secondary schools has also achieved many unexpected results.
At the same time, the new model of agricultural science and technology popularization, which is promoted by the government, supported by universities and grass-roots agricultural technology, has established scientific and technological cooperation relations with more than 20 local governments and enterprises inside and outside the province, established 35 scientific and technological demonstration bases, popularized more than 40 new varieties of agriculture and animal husbandry, and advanced and practical agricultural technologies 100. The transformation rate of achievements reached 47%, resulting in social and economic benefits of more than 24 billion yuan. In recent years, eight farmer technical title examinations have been held, and 940 farmer technicians have obtained technical title certificates, involving 58 counties in Shaanxi, Gansu, Shanxi and Shandong provinces. Nearly 1000 training bases and places have been established in seven provinces and autonomous regions such as Gansu and Ningxia, and 50,000 agricultural training courses have been held, training 4 million farmers, benefiting more than 6,543,800+people.
The annual Yangling Agricultural High-Tech Fair has become an internationally renowned brand of science and technology exhibition and an important carrier for agricultural science and technology promotion.
1994 Up to now, Yangling Agricultural High Association has been successfully held for thirteen sessions, and its scale, effect, level and influence have been increasing year by year. It has attracted more than 30 countries and regions, tens of thousands of domestic and foreign agriculture-related units, 65.438+0085 million merchants and people to participate in the exhibition, and the total transaction volume of project investment, practical technology and products is 65.438+0255 billion yuan. Especially in the last five sessions, the number of participants in each session exceeded 6.5438+0.3 million, of which more than 90% were farmers, rural grassroots cadres and agricultural enterprises. Organized (Chinese and foreign) farmers' entrepreneurship forums, lectures on agricultural practical technology and expert consultation activities for more than 500,000 people. Successfully held the 2005 "One Village, One Product" international seminar and the 2006 China-Canada Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Week and other international agricultural science and technology exchange activities. The Agricultural High-tech Association has built a big platform and market for the transformation, application, popularization and demonstration of agricultural high-tech achievements, and has become an important platform for effectively absorbing and transforming agricultural scientific and technological achievements and carrying out scientific and technological popularization and demonstration, and has truly become an agricultural grand meeting and a festival for farmers.
Established a lean and efficient service management organization, creating a good development environment for Yangling. According to the principle of "small government, big service", the Yangling Demonstration Zone Management Committee has only 6 bureaus, 2 offices and 65 civil servants, all of whom are openly recruited for the society; The appointment of cadres is mainly based on performance appraisal, "being able to go up and down, entering and leaving"; Based on service, reform and innovation, take the lead in implementing accounting agency system in China; Take the lead in implementing the reform of "self-purchasing public assistance" for official vehicles; The first inquiry responsibility system and service commitment system are implemented for foreign services. For several years in a row, the satisfaction rate of enterprises entering the zone to the investment environment is over 96%, the satisfaction rate of all sectors of society to government services is over 95%, and the satisfaction rate of citizens to the public security environment ranks among the top in the province in the past two years. On February 22nd, 2006, among the 283 local governments that participated in the election, the administrative committee of the demonstration area was rated as the only most responsible local government in China by China Newsweek and the organizing committee of the local government innovation award. The jury believes that the Yangling Demonstration Zone Management Committee is in the forefront of the country in terms of efficiency and responsiveness to public demands, the degree to which major decisions and policies reflect public interests, the degree to which the public participates in social management, the degree to which the public restricts and supervises administrative actions, and the degree to which the government is investigated for dereliction of duty.
The changes brought about by the development and construction in the past ten years can be summarized as follows: first, the embryonic form of a small city with green ecological characteristics has been formed; Second, the living conditions and living environment of people living here have been significantly improved; Third, the momentum of brain drain has been initially contained; Fourth, industrial development has begun to take shape, forming an attractive environment for concentrated investment development; Fifth, through scientific and technological demonstration and industrial development, the driving role of increasing farmers' income in surrounding areas and larger regions has initially appeared; Sixth, great changes have taken place in people's thinking, thinking and behavior; Seventh, it shows a good development prospect and lays a solid foundation for faster and better development in the next step.