I often receive messages from friends of the owner asking me some questions about floor heating construction, of which more than 70% are about traditional wet floor heating. It is true that the traditional wet floor heating construction is relatively complicated, and it is normal for everyone not to understand it. Today I bring you a set of the most comprehensive and standardized construction standards I have ever seen. Covers the pre-preparation to post-maintenance, you can refer to it.

Code for construction of traditional wet floor heating insulation layer in Qingyu 2.0

First, the preparation work before construction

1, you should find a floor heating company and construction team with design qualification and construction qualification;

2. Before the construction of ground insulation layer, ensure that the civil works, ground, wall and water and electricity have been completed, and there is no other type of construction in the site;

3, cleaning the walls and the ground, smooth, dry, without sundry, no dust. If the roughness of the original ground is poor, the foundation should be leveled first;

4. The toilet or the ground that is in direct contact with the soil or invaded by moisture should be the first waterproof and moistureproof layer, and it has been accepted;

5, the construction environment temperature should not be lower than 5℃, below 0℃ heating measures should be taken;

6. It's best to bury water, electricity and pipes in the dark, and then walk against the wall. Don't pull randomly to affect the laying of extruded board;

7. Materials should be neatly stacked after entering the site, away from fire sources and chemical solvents (such as paint and asphalt).

Second, the border isolation belt construction

Boundary heat insulation strip (hereinafter referred to as edge strip) plays two roles: expansion joint (to offset thermal expansion and cold contraction of backfill layer) and to prevent heat loss through the wall. Therefore, materials must have high elasticity, low water absorption and low thermal conductivity. Generally, EVA or EPE materials are used as boundary insulation strips. Extruded board does not have resilience, so it is forbidden to use cutting extruded board instead of grinding.

1, all wall column feet in the heating area should be welted, and the pasted parts should be smooth and ash-free, so as to prevent the paste from falling off;

2, paste should start from the outer wall, the edge should overlap between 0-2 cm;

3, in the corner of Yin and Yang should try to stick a wall column, so as to avoid rounded corners;

4. When the pipeline is wired under the foot of the wall, the side strip should be pasted close to the top of the pipeline;

5. In order to facilitate the secondary waterproof construction of the bathroom, there is no need to make side strips;

6, floor-standing wardrobe, refrigerator position should be laid;

7, after the completion of the backfill layer construction, the application of art knife to cut off some edges and corners higher than the backfill layer, it is forbidden to pull by hand;

8, should communicate in advance, it is strictly prohibited in the backfill construction or ground decoration layer construction, tear off or damage the edge.

Third, the extruded board construction

Extruded board is the most critical part to ensure floor heating and energy saving. Excellent extruded board can improve the energy saving of 10- 15%. Extruded board for floor heating needs high compression resistance, low thermal conductivity, low water absorption, high heat resistance, long service life and environmental protection. In terms of material selection, EPS polystyrene board with high compressive strength is also used to replace XPS extruded board abroad.

1, the thickness of 2cm (thermal resistance ≥ 0.74 ㎡ k/w) is enough for conventional areas. For wet rooms, the ground in contact with soil and the adjacent outdoor air ground, extruded boards with larger thickness should be selected.

2. All heating areas (including floor-to-ceiling wardrobes, refrigerators, etc.). ) Extruded board shall be laid, except for water stop wall;

3, from the external wall (heat load) laid inward, first with the whole board and then with the cutting board, pay attention to the staggered joints. The general principle is that the smaller the gap, the better;

4. When cutting the extruded board, the overlapped board below should be cut according to the shape of the overlapped board, so as to minimize the cutting gap;

5. When there is a pipeline on the ground, the trace of the pipeline is pressed out on the extruded board before cutting, which can minimize the cutting gap;

6. Large gaps can be filled with zeolite or extruded board;

7, conditional site, all cracks can be canned foam polyurethane processing, then use aluminum foil tape processing;

8, pay attention to the protection of extruded board in the construction, such as it is forbidden to wear high heels on pressure, so as not to damage the thermal insulation performance.

Fourth, reflective film construction

The main function of reflective film is to assist the coiled material, waterproof and moistureproof, and protect the extruded board. Materials include paper-based reflective film, non-woven reflective film, bubble reflective film, woven reflective film and PET aluminum foil (mirror) reflective film. Because the reflective film is in direct contact with the backfill layer, a mirror reflective film (aluminized or pure aluminum) with strong alkali resistance should be selected to prevent the reflective film from being corroded and degraded.

1. All areas where extruded boards are laid should be paved with reflective films, and no leakage is allowed;

2, when laying must level off, try to reduce wrinkles, can be properly sprinkled on the extruded board;

3. The flat-fell seam between reflective films needs to be overlapped, and the overlapping width is 5cm. Conditional can use aluminum foil tape to deal with the gap;

4. When laying, attention should be paid to grid alignment, which is convenient for calculating the spacing of floor heating pipes or heating cables during construction;

5. The edge of the reflective film can be inclined at the foot of the wall to cover the gap between the extruded board and the edge strip;

6. The reflective film and heating cable should be placed vertically to avoid using clips on the double-layer reflective film.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) Fixation of water pipes or heating cables.

In traditional wet floor heating, plastic clips are often used to fix water pipes and heating cables (hereinafter referred to as pipe cables). In order to ensure environmental protection and fixation effect, it is recommended to use a new material clip. Nails can be divided into manual nails and machine punching nails. Economic conditions allow the selection of oxygen blocking pipelines to reduce the frequency of later maintenance.

1. Each coil shall be coiled as designed, with a straight line distance of 40-50cm from the nail and a bend of 10-20cm. The 20-caliber water pipe is stressed heavily, so the elbow can be fixed with double nails;

2. Nails have certain damage to the insulation layer. On the premise of fixing the coiled material, reduce the dosage of nails, generally 30-40/m2;

3. When coiled, the bending radius of plastic pipe is not less than 8 times of the pipe outer diameter, aluminum-plastic pipe is not less than 6 times, and the maximum bending radius is not more than 1 1 times of the pipe outer diameter, and the pipe is laid in the form of "water drop head" at the corner;

4. The distance between the pipe and the wall should be 10- 15cm, the distance between the pipe and the cable and the design deviation should be kept at 8%, and the place near the external wall window can be encrypted appropriately;

5. The deviation between the actual laying length of each loop of water pipe and the designed length shall not exceed 10%, the difference between loops shall not exceed 15%, and the length of single loop shall not exceed100m;

6. It is best to use pipes and cables with independent circuits for heating in each functional area;

7. There should be no joints for ground pipelines and cables. If it is damaged during laying, the whole root (road) should be replaced. Splicing is strictly prohibited.

8. The pipelines with dense pipelines, through-wall pipelines, main pipelines, pipelines in contact with air in distribution manifolds, and pipelines at expansion joints shall be provided with insulation sleeves, and the pipelines with dense pipelines only need to be provided with water inlet pipes. When casing, try to cover the return pipe with blue casing and the water inlet pipe with red casing;

9. The water pipes are laid in zigzag, supplemented by a single S-shape. Most heating cables are single S-shaped;

10, the pipe at the corner under the distribution manifold needs to be covered with a plastic pipe bender to protect the pipe and prevent the joint at the distribution manifold from loosening due to water pressure;

1 1, the hot line part of the heating cable is strictly prohibited from entering the cold money reserve pipe.

12. Before heating cable construction, it should be confirmed that the reserved and embedded work of heating cable cold pipe, thermostat junction box, geothermal sensor reserved pipe and heating distribution box has been completed.

Six, expansion joint construction

Expansion joints can prevent the backfill layer from cracking and arching due to thermal expansion and contraction. The expansion allowance of 6m long concrete is 2.7mm. Considering the convenience of construction, the thickness of expansion joint is not less than 8 mm. Materials with good resilience, such as EVA, should be used, and extruded boards are strictly prohibited as expansion joints.

1, when the local area is greater than 30m2 or the side length is greater than 6m, expansion joints shall be set at intervals not greater than 30m2 or 6m, and expansion joints may be appropriately encrypted in the south room;

2. Expansion joints should also be set in places where the shape of the ground changes greatly, such as the entrance and the junction of the corridor and the living room;

3. The height of expansion joint is from the upper edge of extruded board to the upper edge of backfill layer. It is forbidden to tear the high part by hand, but it can be cut off with a utility knife;

4. Both ends of the expansion joint should completely intersect with the side strip.

Seven, network structure

Mesh has the function of raising the pipeline and increasing the backfill strength. Generally, silicon mesh or galvanized mesh is used.

1. In order to avoid scratching the pipeline when laying galvanized mesh, it is generally laid between the pipe cable and the reflective film, which can lift the pipe cable;

2. The silicon crystal mesh is generally laid above the pipeline, and the mesh needs to be cut off when it meets the expansion joint;

3, mesh laying area should be greater than or equal to the heating area;

4, heating cable had better use galvanized mesh, and laid on the galvanized mesh;

5, conditional circulating water system construction site, can be laid two layers of net, galvanized net below the pipeline, silicon crystal net above the pipeline.

Eight, distribution manifold installation.

The distribution manifold is composed of a water separator and a water collector. The distribution manifold can be understood as a distributor and a collector for heating hot water, which distributes the water to each loop as required, and then returns to the water collector after heat dissipation through the coil. Generally made of copper or steel, it connects the main water supply and return pipes, each branch pipe and thermostat.

1, according to the requirements of design drawings, determine the installation position and positioning size. The distribution manifold should be fixed in the kitchen or bathroom, and maintenance space should be reserved during installation;

2. When the distribution main pipe is installed horizontally, its center distance should be 20cm, and the water collector should not be less than 30cm from the ground;

3. Valves, filters and heat metering devices should be installed on the water supply connecting pipe in front of the water separator, and closing regulating valves should be installed on the backwater connecting pipe;

4. The diameter of the water separator should not be less than the total diameter of the supply and return pipe, and the maximum cross-sectional velocity should be ≤0.8m/s, and each distribution manifold branch circuit should not exceed 8;

5. Cut-off valves should be set on the power supply and return pipe road of each branch circuit;

6. After the pipeline construction is completed, the area should be marked with identification buttons on each branch to facilitate later maintenance;

7. Before the backfill layer is constructed, the water separator should cover the protective cover of the distribution manifold to prevent the concrete flow from corroding;

8, pipe joint should use high quality raw material belt (density of 0.2g/cm? Above) connection, in order to avoid hot water aging too fast, leading to water leakage;

9. Connect the import and export supervisor, pipe fittings and branch coils;

10. There are a water mixing center, a lotus root removal tank and a water tank in the design, which need to be connected according to the design.

Nine, water pressure test

Hydrostatic test is a test of the bearing capacity and tightness of the system and a necessary step for the installation of floor heating.

1, flush the distribution main pipe and the main water supply and return pipe before the water pressure test to prevent sundries in the large pipes from entering the indoor coil;

2, should take each group of water separator, water collector as a unit, loop by loop;

3, water pressure test once * * * twice, respectively, before pouring concrete backfill layer and after the expiration of the backfill layer maintenance;

4. During the water pressure test in winter, reliable anti-freezing measures should be taken when it is possible to freeze, and the water in the pipe should be blown clean and dried in time after the pressure test;

5. The hydrostatic test pressure shall be 1. Five times the working pressure, and should not be less than 0.6MPa. Under the test pressure, the pressure drop should not be greater than 0.05MPa when the voltage is stabilized at 65438 0 h, and it is impermeable and does not leak.

X. Installation of temperature controller

The temperature controller is the "remote control" of floor heating, which controls and displays the running temperature of floor heating.

1, the room temperature controller should be set in the vicinity of no radiator, no shelter around, no wind, no direct sunlight, ventilated and dry, which can correctly reflect the indoor temperature, and should not be set on the external wall;

2. When it is necessary to control the room at the same time and moderately limit the ground temperature, a double-temperature thermostat should be adopted.

3. For the large open space, the room temperature controller should be arranged near the corresponding circuit. When it cannot be arranged near the corresponding circuit, the ground temperature controller can be used;

4. The sensor of geothermal thermostat should not be covered or blocked by furniture, carpets, etc. , and should be arranged between the location where people often stay and the heating part;

5. The setting height should be 1. 4m from the ground, or as high as the lighting switch;

6. Install and connect the electric heating executive valve, and install the temperature control panel and the temperature sensing probe of the geothermal temperature controller at the junction box.

XI。 Backfill layer construction

After all the above processes are completed and the concealed works are accepted, the backfill layer (filling layer) can be constructed. It is best to use pisolite concrete in the backfill layer, and cement mortar can also be used when conditions are limited, or melon seeds can be used instead of pisolite as aggregate.

1. When the concrete backfill layer is constructed, the water pressure in the coil shall not be lower than 0. 6MPa, backfill layer maintenance, the system water pressure should not be less than 0.4MPa；;

2. Portland cement, medium coarse sand and 5- 12mm pisolite should be selected, and the strength grade of backfill layer is C15; ;

3, concrete mixing must be carried out on the board or outdoors;

4, construction personnel should wear soft shoes, use flat iron purlin, mechanical vibrating equipment is strictly prohibited;

5. Concrete shall be poured in different areas according to the setting of expansion joints, and regular watering and curing shall be started after 4 hours of backfilling;

6. The construction shall be carried out in reverse from the inside out, compacted, leveled and calendered with a trowel to ensure the smoothness and compactness of the backfill layer;

7. It is forbidden to sprinkle aggregate before pouring cement mortar. The gap in the backfill layer will seriously affect the heat dissipation of the pipeline and greatly reduce the strength and heat storage capacity of the backfill layer;

8. The thickness of backfill layer should be 3-5cm. It is not recommended to stick bricks directly without backfilling.

Twelve. Matters needing attention in finished product protection

1. After the construction, the as-built drawing shall be drawn, and the actual laying of coils and heating cables and the sensor embedding points shall be marked;

2, wet room backfill layer after the expiration of the maintenance period, should be secondary waterproof layer;

3. During ground construction, it is forbidden to dig, chisel, cut, drill or nail on the filling layer, and it is forbidden to embed any objects on the filling layer;

4, stone, ceramic tile is located in the junction of vertical components such as interior and exterior walls, columns, should leave 10mm wide expansion joints; When laying the wooden floor, there should be an expansion joint not less than 14mm;

5. After the curing period of backfill layer expires, floor heating can be started. Opening the floor heating in advance will easily lead to ground cracking;

6. Most heating sources are wall-hung boilers and heat pumps, which should be operated by trained professional installers. Wall-hung boilers should pay attention to the installation of flue, and more energy-saving condensing wall-hung boilers or heat pumps can be selected when economic conditions permit;

7. Every 3-4 heating seasons, the circulating system should be cleaned and maintained, and protective agents should be added.

8. The use fee of floor heating is related to the design of floor heating system, the quality of floor heating insulation layer and the energy saving of building envelope (doors, windows and external walls).

Reference: JJ142-2012 Technical Specification for Radiant Heating and Refrigeration.

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