When I was very young, I heard the old people say that the two lakes and Guangdong provinces filled Sichuan in modern times, but they were all hearsay, and there was no real textual research. In my college days, all the books I read introduced the history of Sichuan, from which I got more detailed answers. The wars in Sichuan in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties were as follows: Zhang rebels entered Sichuan three times, and the Ming and Qing armies repeatedly pursued and besieged; The anti-Qing armed forces in Nanming moved to the southwest, attracting the Qing army to chase and intercept; Wu Sangui Rebellion, the Qing army put down the "San Francisco Rebellion", and Sichuan became the battlefield of seesaw battle. Sichuan is located in the hinterland of China, and it is also a rich granary, so the four emperors of Shunzhi, Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong in the early Qing Dynasty attached great importance to the restoration of Sichuan. The main measures taken are large-scale immigration, enjoying the policy of the special zone and tax exemption for three to five years after reclamation. According to the records, the initial immigration activities were forced by the government. Later, immigrants found that Sichuan had fertile land, mild climate and abundant production, so they mobilized their relatives and neighbors to move in. This migration lasted for more than 100 years, and the population entering Sichuan was about one million. In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, due to the war, the population of Sichuan dropped sharply, and a large number of cultivated land was barren. In order to solve the problems of labor force and grain production in Sichuan, the newly established Qing Dynasty adopted measures of immigration and reclamation. Mainly from more than ten provinces such as Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Fujian, Shaanxi, Yunnan and Guizhou, they immigrated to Sichuan to settle down and reclaim land. Among them, due to the close distance, the most immigrants are from Hubei and Hunan. At that time, the two lakes were one province, which was called "Huguang Province", so the people called this great immigration "Huguang Filling Sichuan". The Records of Dayi County in Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty recorded: "People from Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Guangxi, Shanxi, Shaanxi and other places went to cities to reclaim wasteland and live together. Macheng has a large population, followed by Jiangxi and Shaanxi, and then Guangdong and Guangxi. The popular saying that' Huguang fills Sichuan' is also evident. " After Li Zicheng was defeated in Jiuhua Mountain, Zhang set out from Fujian, passing through Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan and Guizhou, and entered Chengdu from Chongqing (it was not called Chongqing at that time, but called Chongqing House, which was actually equivalent to a town now, and the land belonged to Sichuan). Zhang Zhijun was lax, and because of his love of killing, he wantonly slaughtered the city along the way, which made the people miserable at the end of the Ming Dynasty and made it worse. It is such a general, why are so many people willing to follow him all the way from Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan and other places and leave their homes for Bashu? This has something to do with the present situation. Since the Qing army entered the customs, the discrimination against the Han people, coupled with the annual natural disasters in its own Huguang area, has made the people miserable, directly prompting Huguang area to leave their homes on a large scale; Secondly, Zhang wantonly slaughtered the city, causing a plague (almost the whole city was killed when the county was restored), which made the rich and fertile land of Bashu barren, and the population of Sichuan was greatly reduced and devastated. Later, there was a legend that Zhang visited privately in the street after he captured Chengdu. On the way, he met a woman who was running with her family. Zhang asked his wife, "Why are you in such a hurry to leave your hometown, leave your hometown and move away with your family?" The woman replied, Brother, haven't you heard that Zhang has gone to town at once, and that he didn't slaughter the city at will wherever he went? When Zhang heard this woman's words, he turned and left. Because of this, Chengdu did not suffer a massacre. Therefore, people who came to Bashu from Hunan, Hubei, Guangxi and other provinces migrated and settled in most parts of southwest Sichuan. After Zhang's defeat, the Qing government was afraid that Sichuan was remote, easy to defend but difficult to attack, and the land was fertile. That year, the Liu Bang incident happened again. The Qing government decided to station hundreds of thousands of Manchu noncommissioned officers of the Qing army in the north of Chengdu, Sichuan (now Wenchuan, Aba Ganzi Prefecture, etc.), and the military and civilians combined to settle down. Hundreds of thousands of troops defended the important military fortress connecting Sichuan and the Central Plains to prevent war. With the passage of time, due to disasters and plagues every year, the population of Sichuan itself has also been greatly reduced, and there has been no major war for more than 300 years. Hundreds of thousands of army soldiers who stayed here intermarried and got married with local people, forming a Manchu-Chinese mixed-race nation north of Chengdu. Postscript: I heard from my family that my hometown (Yibin Gaochang, a remote village, on the mountain) was covered with lush weeds when my ancestors came. The house where my family used to live (traditional quadrangle, facing south, one main hall with two rooms, about 6 meters high; At that time, several bedrooms were found in the grass, with traditional all-wood frames and columns with a diameter of 80cm. After several generations of life, when it was discovered, there were several dead people in the wing, and their clothes were already desertified. I haven't seen my family tree, but I heard from my grandfather that I am from Jinchuan 16 generation. Someone once joked that there were two deep marks on the left wrist of Sichuanese, which was the witness left by the family when they moved in. Many things are recalled after a long time, and the details need to be verified for reference only.