How to choose CNC machine tools
1. Principles for purchasing CNC machine tools
A. stability and reliability. If the selected CNC machine tool can't work stably and reliably, it is completely meaningless. Therefore, we must try our best to choose brand-name products (including host, control system and accessories) when purchasing, because these products are mature in technology, have certain production batches and have been used normally by users.
B. practicality. Select CNC machine tools. The purpose is to solve one or two problems in production. Practicality is the best degree to make the selected CNC machine tool finally reach the predetermined goal. We must be careful not to exchange complex CNC machine tools with too many functions and impractical at high prices.
C. economy. With a clear goal and a targeted choice of machine tools, we can get the best results with reasonable investment. Economy means that the price paid by the selected CNC machine tool is the least or the most economical under the condition of meeting the processing requirements.
D. operability. If you choose a fully functional and advanced CNC machine tool, there is no suitable person to operate or program it, and there is no skilled mechanic to maintain and repair it, even the best machine tool will not work well and will not play its due role. Therefore, when purchasing CNC machine tools, we should consider the convenience of operation, programming and maintenance. Otherwise, it will not only bring difficulties to the use, maintenance and repair of CNC machine tools, but also cause waste of equipment.
E. go shopping Strengthen market research, consult with departments who know about CNC machine tools or users who have experience in using CNC machine tools, have a more comprehensive understanding of the market situation of CNC machine tools at home and abroad as far as possible, make full use of various exhibitions, select equipment with high quality, low price and reliable performance, and strive to shop around. We must choose mature and stable products according to the actual needs of our unit.
2. Problems that should be paid attention to when purchasing CNC machine tools
A. Reasonably determine the functions of CNC machine tools. When choosing the functions of CNC machine tools, don't pursue big and complete, because excessive pursuit of the number of axes of CNC machine tools, high power, high machining accuracy and complete functions of the worktable and motor will make the system more complicated and reduce reliability. The purchase cost and maintenance cost will also increase. On the one hand, this will increase the processing cost accordingly. On the other hand, it will cause great waste of resources. Therefore, CNC machine tools should be selected according to product specifications, dimensions and accuracy.
B. determine the parts to be processed. CNC machine tools should be selected reasonably according to the typical parts to be processed. Although CNC machine tools have the characteristics of high flexibility and adaptability, only when certain parts are processed under certain conditions can the best effect be achieved. Therefore, before selecting equipment, we must first determine the typical parts to be processed.
C. The reasonable selection of numerical control system should consider in detail the numerical control system that can meet the requirements of various performance parameters and reliability indexes, and consider the convenience of operation, programming, maintenance and management. Try to be centralized and unified. If it is not a special case, try to choose the same series of numerical control systems that are familiar to the unit and produced by the same manufacturer, so as to facilitate future management and maintenance.
D. Configure necessary accessories and tools In order to give full play to the role of CNC machine tools and enhance their processing capacity, necessary accessories and tools must be configured. Don't buy a machine tool with hundreds of thousands or millions of yuan, but it can't be used normally because it lacks a few tens of yuan of accessories or tools. When buying a mainframe, buy some wearing parts and other accessories together. Foreign metal cutting experts believe that the efficiency of a $250,000 CNC machine tool largely depends on the performance of a $30 end mill. It can be seen that CNC machine tools are equipped with tools with good performance. It is one of the key measures to reduce costs and obtain the maximum comprehensive economic benefits. Generally, CNC machine tools should be equipped with enough tools to give full play to the functions of CNC machine tools, so that the selected CNC machine tools can process multiple product varieties and prevent unnecessary idleness and waste.
E pay attention to the installation, debugging and acceptance of CNC machine tools. CNC machine tools should be carefully installed and debugged after entering the factory, which is very important for future operation, maintenance and management. In the process of installation, debugging and trial operation of CNC machine tools, technicians must actively participate, study hard and accept technical training and on-site guidance from suppliers with an open mind. Check and accept the geometric accuracy, positioning accuracy, cutting accuracy and machine performance of CNC machine tools. Carefully check all kinds of supporting technical data, operation manuals, maintenance manuals, attachment manuals, computer software and manuals, and keep them properly, otherwise some additional functions will not be developed in the future, which will bring difficulties to machine tool maintenance.
Finally, we should fully consider the after-sales service, technical support, personnel training, data matching, software support, installation and debugging, spare parts supply, tool system, machine tool accessories, etc.
Selection of CNC Machine Tool and Milling Cutter
CNC machine tool hard surface indexable milling cutter is mainly used for milling plane. The diameter of the milling cutter is smaller in rough milling, because the cutting force is large in rough milling, so choosing a milling cutter with a small diameter can reduce the cutting torque. When CNC machine tools finish milling, the diameter of the milling cutter should be large, preferably covering the whole width of the surface to be machined, so as to improve the accuracy and efficiency of adding T. When the machining allowance of the machine tool is large and uneven, the diameter of the cutter should be small, otherwise the cutting quality of the workpiece will be affected due to the deep tool marks.
High-speed steel end mills are mostly used for machining bosses and grooves, but generally not for machining the blank surface-because the hardened layer and sand inclusion on the blank surface will accelerate tool wear.
When machining rough surface or rough hole, you can choose carbide end milling cutter or corn milling cutter for powerful cutting.
End milling cutter C is often used when machining the outer contour of a planar workpiece.
In order to improve the accuracy of the groove width and reduce the number of tool changes, a milling cutter with a diameter larger than the groove width of 7 can be used in machining, the middle part of the groove can be milled first, and then the two sides of the groove can be milled by using the tool radius compensation function.
Ball-end milling cutter, ring milling cutter, drum milling cutter, cone milling cutter and disc milling cutter are often used when machining solid curved surface or variable inclined profile.
When the machining allowance is small and the surface roughness is high, the face milling cutter with cubic boron nitride blade or ceramic blade can be selected to make the machine tool cut at high speed.