Food/grain coupons
The earliest types of tickets implemented in China are food stamps, edible oil stamps and cloth tickets. As a matter of fact, supply by ticket was not initiated by China. After the October Revolution, the country was unstable, civil wars continued, and commodities were scarce. The Soviet Union adopted a plan to distribute commodities and issue various commodity tickets. The earliest ticket in the Soviet Union was a shoe ticket for 19 16.
During World War II, when there was a shortage of commodities, the United States issued various commodity vouchers, including food vouchers. At present, there are still some countries that still use the ticket supply method, such as North Korea, Vietnam and other countries.
The variety and quantity of food stamps in China are known as "the best in the world". More than 2,500 cities, counties and some townships in China have issued and used food stamps supplied by various plans, and some large enterprises, factories, mines, farms, schools, troops and communes have also issued various food stamps.
Food stamps are historical products under special economic conditions, with a wide range of topics, exquisite printing, timeliness and regionality. After years of erosion, this kind of unrepeatable ticket cultural relics are becoming more and more scarce, and treasures emerge one after another, which has already attracted the attention of collectors at home and abroad.
In addition, some public food stamps issued during the Liberation War are historical testimony of the revolutionary army's bloody struggle with the support of the people during the Liberation War, which has important commemorative significance and collection value.
First, the government of Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Border Region exchanged rice tickets in the winter of 1937.
The Eighth Route Army led by China Producer Party established an important Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan anti-Japanese base area (also known as Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Border Region Government) during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period. It starts from Jin-Pu Railway and Canal in the east, connects with the base areas of Lu, Su and Wan, connects with Tongpu Railway and Fenhe and Jin-Sui base areas in the west, connects with Shanxi-Chaji base areas by Zheng Tai and Texaco Railway in the north, connects with Henan-Hubei-Shaanxi base areas by Longhai in the southwest, and echoes with Hubei-Henan-Anhui base areas by the Yellow River in the southeast. 1August, 945, after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Border Region was the main battlefield for China's * * * production party and its troops to fight against the Kuomintang troops.
Second, public food stamps in North District.
1948 In May, according to the development situation of the Liberation War, Shanxi-Chaji, Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan regions merged at the suggestion of the central authorities, and the People's Government of North China was formally established in September 1 year. 1April 24, 949, Taiyuan was captured and the enemy army was wiped out. Since then, the whole of North China has been liberated.
Third, the original district public food stamps.
On June 1948, 1 1 day, Xu and Zhou Shidi commanded the 8th and 13 columns of the First Corps of the North China Field Army, and more than 60,000 troops and local armed forces stationed in the Taihang, Taiyue, Beiyue and Jinsui military regions, headed by Commander-in-Chief Zhao Chengsui. During the whole campaign, there were 6,543.8+067,500 migrant workers in counties of Jinzhong, 98,000 livestock were mobilized, 6,543.8+044,400 carts were used, and 265.438+000 kilograms of firewood were transported. On July 22nd, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Central Military Commission decided to set up Taiyuan Special Zone, which is equivalent to the provincial level and consists of three special zones, which respectively govern 20 counties including Yuci, Taigu, Pingyao and Qixian.
Four, Jinzhong wartime public food stamps.
1948 August 15 Taiyuan district was renamed Jinzhong district, which has three districts under its jurisdiction. 1949 At the end of February, Jinzhong District merged with Taiyuan City and was called Taiyuan City. 1On April 24th, 949, the People's Liberation Army liberated Taiyuan City.
Five, Shanxi province public food stamps.
1In August, 949, North China was re-divided into five provinces, namely Hebei, Shanxi, Pingyuan, Chahar and Suiyuan, and two municipalities directly under the Central Government, namely Peiping and Tianjin. As the old saying goes, "Before the soldiers and horses move, the grain and grass go first." In the war of liberation, Shanxi was the main battlefield of the whole country and created a famous revolutionary base. The well-known Shanxi Xiaomi supported the People's Liberation Army (PLA) and supported China producers to seize the national political power. After the land reform, Shanxi farmers got a bumper harvest of grain. In order to defend the fruits of the victory of the revolution, the people set off an upsurge of joining the army and actively supporting the front.
Food stamps are specific historical relics with extensive cultural connotations, which are historic, informative and cultural. Food stamps, known as "the first ticket in China" in the ticket collection, especially the public food stamps during the Liberation War, are a wonderful flower in the ticket collection in China. During the War of Liberation, public food stamps were born in the war years, with the characteristics of less printing, short use time and narrow circulation area.
Food stamps are the best.
The earliest food stamps: 1950 rice stamps issued by the Grain Bureau of Southern Anhui People's Government. ?
Maximum denomination of food stamps: 1962, 1963 Grain Allocation Book issued by Shanghai Grain Bureau, denomination 1400 kg. ?
Minimum denomination food stamp: 1960 "Nanjing Grain Bureau Mobile Grain Purchase Certificate" issued by Nanjing Grain Bureau, with a denomination of one yuan. ?
The provincial food stamp with the largest ticket width: 1984 Guangxi Grain and Oil Rations Supply Card for Floating Population issued by Guangxi Grain Bureau, with a length of 17.3cm and a width of 6cm.
The provincial food stamp with the smallest face width is 1955 "food stamp with certificate" printed by Zhejiang province, which is 0.9 cm long and 0.8 cm wide, only the size of a fingernail. ?
The food stamp with the longest circulation time: the national general food stamp 1965 issued by the Ministry of Grain, with a circulation time of 28 years.
The food stamp with the shortest circulation time: the food stamp for vehicle and boat 1962 issued by the Ministry of Food, with a circulation time of about one month. ?
The parcel with the largest denomination: 1975. There are 60 food stamps issued by the Revolutionary Committee of the Grain Bureau of Handan City, Hebei Province, with denominations ranging from 1 kg to 30 kg. ?
The quotation package with the largest denomination: commissary vouchers issued in 1967, which are divided into four types: rice, flour, coarse grains and horse feed, each with four denominations of 50, 100, 500 and 1000 kg, and the full set of denominations is as high as 6,600 kg. Different quotations from Chairman Mao are printed on the back of each food stamp.