Rorschach Ink Test was founded by Swiss psychiatrist and psychiatrist Hermann Rorschach. Sometimes it is called Rorschach ink test or Rorschach technique abroad, which is called Rorschach for short. There are also many translations in China, Rorschach test, Rorschach test and Rorschach test. Rorschach test is widely used in the world because it uses ink chart, also known as ink chart test.

Rorschach Ink Test is the most famous projective personality test. The so-called projection method is a personality test method that allows subjects to establish their own imaginary world through certain media and reveal their personality characteristics in unconstrained situations. The medium under test can be some irregular lines; It can also be some meaningful pictures; It can also be some sentences with a head and no tail; It can also be the beginning of a story, and let the subject make up the end of the story. Because this picture is vague, a person's explanation can only come from his imagination. Through different answers and reactions, we can understand each other's personality and attitude towards life. The biggest advantage of projection method is that the examiner's intention and purpose are hidden rather than revealed, which creates a more objective external condition, makes the test results more real and objective, and deepens the understanding of psychological activities. The disadvantage is that it is difficult to analyze and requires specially trained examiners. Therefore, projection test is generally used less in employee recruitment, and it is only considered when recruiting senior managers.

Content and implementation of Rorschach ink test

Rorschach test consists of 10 carefully made ink paintings. Among them, 7 are ink paintings and 3 are color ink paintings. The order in which these pictures appear in front of the object is specified. The examiner's explanation is simple, such as "What does this look like?" "What could this be?" "What does this remind you of?" The examiner should record: reaction sentences; The time required from the appearance of each picture to the beginning of the first reaction; The pause time between reactions is long; The total time required to respond to each picture; Incidental actions and other important behaviors of the subjects. The purpose is to summarize the subjects' life experiences, emotions, personality tendencies and other aspirations. The subject will unconsciously expose his true psychology, because when he tells the story in the picture. I have projected my mentality into the situation.

[Editor] Rorschach test is in progress.

Rorschach test can be divided into four stages:

(1) free reaction stage. That is, in the stage of free association, the examiner provides the subjects with an ink map, and the general instruction is "say what you see and think." All induced problems should be avoided, and only the spontaneous reactions of the subjects should be recorded. The examiner should not only record all the verbal reactions of the subject as truly as possible, but also pay close attention to and record his movements and expressions. In addition, it is necessary to measure and record the time from the appearance of the plate to the first reaction, and the time when the reaction to the plate ends.

(2) Question stage. This is the stage of confirming the thoughts hidden in the subject's free reaction stage. Based on the recorded materials in the free association stage, the examiner asks questions to clearly understand which parts of the ink chart are used by the subjects' reactions and what are the decisive factors of the answers.

(3) the analogy stage. This is a supplementary measure for questions that are not fully understood at the questioning stage. It is mainly to ask whether the decisive factors used by the subjects to react to one ink chart are also used to react to other ink charts, so as to determine whether there is some decisive factor in the subjects' reaction.

(4) Limit test stage. When the examiner still has doubts about whether the subjects have used some parts and determinants, they will confirm them. In the process of testing, the examiner classifies various reactions according to scores, and counts the times of various reactions, so as to compare absolute numbers, percentages and ratios.

[Editor] Rorschach Test Marking Stage

Rorschach test scores are divided into five stages:

Flag of (1) domain. This is a response classification based on the ink image fields used in the answers, including all responses to ink images (abbreviated as W), ordinary majority responses (D), ordinary minority responses (D), abnormal partial responses (Dd) and blank partial responses (S). If the subjects react the blank part to the pattern, the ink part to the background, and mark the reaction with S.

(2) Determinant notation. This is the response classification of subjects, who decide their answers according to what factors in the nature of the ink image itself (or imagination). The decisive factors of reaction include form (F), movement (M), shadow (C.K.R) and color (C'). c)。 Generally, there is a main determinant for a reaction in a large field, such as a reaction that only depends on the morphological characteristics of ink, and the form is the main determinant, marked F. But sometimes there are two or more determinants for a reaction, such as "beautiful butterfly", whose main determinant is shape (depending on the situation, there may also be shades and movements), and color is an additional determinant, marked FC.

(3) Marking of content. This is the classification of the answers of the content type of the answers. The response includes 24 categories, such as human (H), human part (Hd), gender, animal (A), plant (P 1), architecture (Arch), art (Abst) and so on. If the response is "like a butterfly", the content is marked as a.

(4) Ordinary or original. The most common reaction is classified as mild (P). According to the clinical experience of the chief examiner, the reactions that only appear once in the 100 records are classified as primary reactions (O).

(5) Evaluation of morphological level. Refers to whether the characteristics of ink can be grasped correctly, in detail and in a highly organized way, and the reaction can be evaluated by a certain scale according to the imagination of concepts and forms. The evaluation method of Rorschach's morphological level is quite complicated, which requires the examiner to grasp the three dimensions of accuracy, detail and organization, and its score increases or decreases from -2.0 to +5.0 in units of 0.5. In order to facilitate the operation, Taguchi Taishi proposed a simple correction method, and its evaluation object was mainly aimed at the response of generalized morphological determinants, which was divided into four grades:

(1)F+ (excellent level), the standard is that its content is better than the general reaction in terms of consistency, detail and organization with the ink spot image.

(2) F (good level), as long as the content of the reaction is generally consistent with the ink image, without inappropriate details and unreasonable organization, it can be rated as F.

(3) F (bad level), when the consistency and accuracy of its content with the ink spot image decrease, it is evaluated as F reaction.

(4)F- (morbid level), whose standard is the lack of accuracy and consistency between the reaction content and the ink image. Rorschach test includes standardized Rorschach diagnostic table, marking record table, marking summary table, quantitative relationship summary table and analysis and evaluation table besides 10 Zhang Mo waterlogging chart. Through a large number of clinical studies, Rorschach test researchers put forward a series of theories to analyze and explain this result. The interpretation of Rorschach test mainly includes quantitative analysis, sequence analysis and content analysis.