Entry-level embedded engineer
This stage is mainly an early entry process, mainly for newcomers who have not been in the industry for a long time. In fact, there is no shortcut to success, and laying a good foundation is the key. Embedded development mainly includes the following four aspects:
1. Circuit knowledge First of all, you should learn circuits, analog electricity, digital electricity, and understand resistors, capacitors and triodes. The basic devices can only be understood by knowing the basic circuits of amplifier circuit, integrated operational amplifier and sequential circuit, otherwise the circuit diagram will definitely be foggy and the follow-up work cannot be carried out. The design and implementation of hardware products, including device selection, schematic diagram and PCB design, and circuit debugging, all need excellent circuit foundation.
2.c language
C language is the most important programming language in embedded development. To have a deep understanding of this language, after all, it is important not only to be able to write programs, but also to understand other people's programs. The most basic data types, arrays, pointers, structures, linked lists, file operations, etc. You must be able to master basic grammar and statements, otherwise you must be able to distinguish between pointer arrays and array pointers?
3. The introduction of MCU is relatively simple. Through the study of single chip microcomputer, we CAN be familiar with the hardware structure of single chip microcomputer, including I/O port, AD conversion, communication (serial port, parallel port, I2C, CAN, USB, Ethernet, ZigBee technology, etc. ), display (LED, LCD, etc. ), control (PWM control technology) and data processing (graphics, images, voice, video, etc.
4Linux basics
The source code and architecture of Linux are open and widely used in embedded systems. Learning Linux will be very helpful to the development of the system. Learn more about the directory structure, basic commands, editor VI, compiler GCC, debugger GDB and Make project management tools, Shell Makefile scripts and the construction of embedded development environment under Linux.
Intermediate embedded engineer
After the first stage of study, you can already do embedded development, but there is still a lot of knowledge to learn and advance. This stage will also be the first watershed, so that excellent embedded engineers can stand out. Although there are only three items at this stage, it involves a wide range of knowledge, and it takes a lot of energy to learn well.
1.Linux programming
System programming can directly talk to the kernel and the core system library to learn more about the Linux kernel. Mastering Linux system programming is mainly to improve the understanding of Linux application development and the ability of code debugging. With the development of network application, we can fully understand the development of Linux network application through the development of Linux network, TCP/IP protocol, socket programming, TCP network programming, UDP network programming and Web programming.
2 Data structures and algorithms Data structures and algorithms have been widely used in the development of embedded underlying drivers, communication protocols and various engines, and language compilation needs to use stacks, hash tables and syntax trees; Queues, storage management tables and directory trees used in the operating system; The database system uses linear table, multi-linked list and index table to manage data. , which directly affects the efficiency, simplicity and robustness of the program.
3.QT、DSP、FPGA
Linux doesn't have its own interface. Learning QT programming can create all the functions needed for an artistic graphical user interface, so as to better realize human-computer interaction control. Nowadays, users demand more and more graphics and images, which requires DSP and FPGA technology to design and develop a better embedded vision system.
Senior embedded engineer
After learning the knowledge of the first two stages, you can already do most embedded work, but there is still a certain gap from the big coffee. In fact, it has reached the second watershed. This part is more related to the system level, and it will be difficult to start without all-round knowledge.
1 operating system platform development in addition to Linux, there are embedded operating systems such as ARM, WINCE, uC/OS II, Vxworks and uClinux. Different systems have different use environments, so you need to learn and master each module of the system to prepare for the construction of the underlying platform. Be familiar with the characteristics of each operating system and the kernel transplantation of the system to ensure that the operating system can run on a microprocessor or microcontroller. With the rapid rise of mobile phone intelligent hardware, the development of Android operating system has become more and more important.
2 driver development driver design is a very important part of embedded Linux development. We should not only be familiar with the kernel mechanism of Linux, the interface between drivers and user-level applications, but also master the concurrent operation of devices by the system. You should also have the basic knowledge of ARM hardware interface, be familiar with the resources of ARM Cortex processor, master the framework of Linux device driver principle, and drive development of Linux advanced character devices, block devices, network devices and USB devices that are common in engineering.
When you get to this position, you can say that you have been a winner in life. The real learning process is like a long practice, in which there are bound to be various difficulties. Of course, embedded work needs more practice and experience accumulation. I believe a loyal wife, you can also be an excellent embedded engineer. If you need embedded training, you can come to Star Maker Elite Training Camp in Huaqing to train high-end embedded engineers.