bel canto

/kloc-a singing style in Italy in the 0/7th century. Beautiful timbre and rich varieties; The division of voices is strict, emphasizing the harmony and unity of sound areas; The sound production method is scientific and the volume is plastic; It is characterized by the consistency of gas and sound, and the smooth and even connection between sounds. This kind of singing has a great influence on the whole world. Bel Canto is a singing style based on European traditional vocal skills, especially Italian vocal skills. Under the influence of the Renaissance, opera came into being, and Bel Canto was gradually improved. Perrigan wrote the earliest Italian operas Daphne and Eurydice in 1600. The composer's creation made opera break through the previous singing method. Opera requires the combination of aria and recitation; Require the combination of chorus and duet; Recitation needs enough breath support, and bright and beautiful sound needs to penetrate the symphony and be sent to the audience's ears. The appearance of opera makes bel canto perfect day by day.

Bel Canto was introduced to China after the May 4th Movement and gradually took root in this ancient land of China. Bel canto has undoubtedly played a great role in promoting the art of vocal music in China. In recent years, young players from China have won prizes in international vocal music competitions, which further shows that the artistic level of using Bel Canto to explain and express foreign vocal music works has reached a considerable level. But how to make China's vocal music go global? How to combine the advantages of Bel Canto with China's vocal art and language characteristics to form the China Vocal School has a lot of hard and meticulous work, which requires the unremitting efforts of professional and amateur vocal lovers.

In Italian, Bel Canto is called Bel Canto. When China began to introduce this singing method, Bel Canto was translated into "Bel Canto", and people who studied this singing method were collectively called "Bel Canto School". In fact, the real meaning of the word bel canto in Italian is "perfect singing" After careful analysis, the meanings of "bel canto" and "perfect singing" are not consistent. "Perfect singing" includes not only the voice, but also the content of singing and the singer's demeanor, appearance, temperament and so on. And "Bel Canto" can be easily understood as a kind of singing with "beautiful voice" as its name implies. Understanding "perfect singing" as "beautiful voice", in the words of Teacher Tian Yubin, this incomplete and inaccurate understanding has taken some detours in the development of vocal music in China. Bel canto is largely understood as attaching importance to sound, which is above everything else, while ignoring other aspects of learning. As a result, many people who learn Bel Canto either emphasize words over feelings in their study and actual singing, and even some singers not only emphasize words over feelings, but also put on airs, which makes singing very touching.

For the above reasons, some people in the vocal music circle once advocated changing "Bel Canto" to "Bel Canto". Its purpose is also to accurately understand the meaning of Bel Canto and avoid deviation in understanding and practice. In fact, "song" and "sound" cannot be equated. "Sound" is the "carrier" of "song", but it never embodies the content of "song". In the case that the title of "Bel Canto" has been established, it is of no practical significance to make a fuss about the name. We can continue to use the established title of "Bel Canto", but the key is how to combine Bel Canto with the singing language in China, so that singers can not only sing foreign songs well, but also sing China songs well.

To use Bel Canto well, we should also understand the actual content and principle of Bel Canto. Mr. Keno Becky's series of views and expositions on Bel Canto in the lecture were summarized by Teacher Tian Yubin as follows:

(1) Bel Canto has a voice;

(2) Bel Canto requires a unified vocal area;

(3) Bel Canto requires consistent vowels and clear articulation;

(4) Bel Canto requires coherent voice;

(5) Bel Canto requires good musical literacy;

(6) Bel Canto requires both voice and emotion.

The above six points are the important contents of Bel Canto, which can also be said to be six important principles. It is called a principle because people who study bel canto must strictly abide by it, otherwise it is likely to be an incomplete and imperfect bel canto.

Singing in national style

Broadly speaking, it can include opera, folk art, folk songs and the singing methods of songs with these three styles.

The national singing method referred to here is a narrow understanding, which mainly refers to the technical methods and some laws used in singing vocal works with strong national style. They not only refine and inherit traditional national singing methods such as traditional opera, folk art and folk songs, but also draw lessons from and absorb outstanding achievements of western singing methods. In particular, the study of national singing is inseparable from national language, because singing language is the artistic processing of life language. China's traditional singing method often mentions "the word is bone, the rhyme is flesh" and "the word is tone", and even exaggerates artistically: "One thousand catties of white, four or two sings", which shows the importance attached to language factors. Therefore, the different language rules and the different treatment and emphasis on pronunciation, pronunciation and language in singing are the principled differences between national singing and western singing. Language is not only the basis of articulation, but also the basis of technical means such as vocalization, gas use and * * * singing, and it is also the basis of musical tunes. Intonation, mood and language potential are the main factors that form style.

Folk songs and songs with folk style have strong local color. Dialects can better express their contents and colors when singing, but the general rules of local languages and Putonghua are the same, so it is feasible to sing in Putonghua.

In style, the northern folk songs should be bold, the southern folk songs should be euphemistic and dexterous, the plateau and mountain folk songs should be loud and clear, and the plain folk songs should be stretched freely. China is a vast country with many nationalities, so it is rich in languages and colorful folk songs. A song is written after the lyrics. Singers not only pay attention to the lyrics and music of the lyricist and composer, but also re-create the art and integrate the lyrics and music. It is necessary to give consideration to both the rules of melody and the fluctuation of intonation, and to make the language artistic and musical with the skill of articulation, so as to achieve the requirement of combining words with music.

Pop song singing

It started in China in 1930s and spread widely. It was called pop singing at first, and then pop singing.

It is characterized by natural and approximate pronunciation, with true sound in the midrange and falsetto in the treble. The voice of * * * is rarely used, so the volume is low. When singing, you need to use an electro-acoustic loudspeaker. The performance form is mainly solo, often accompanied by dance movements, and the voice pursues nature and sweetness. Feelings are delicate and true.

The main feature of popular singing is that it is completely sung with real voice, close to the language of life, soft and natural. Emphasize passion and appeal, and intentionally create an atmosphere with the help of electroacoustic when singing, so pay great attention to the use of microphones and electroacoustic effects.

Popular singing is centered on youth, which can be said to be: writing about youth and singing about youth. Young people sing, young people listen.

The popular singing method that has existed since ancient times is not the typical popular singing method that we refer to now. Modern popular singing has two important characteristics, one is standard style; The second is to combine with modern high-tech electronic technology.

In 1980s, due to the political and economic reform and opening-up, the cultural imprisonment was lifted and the country was opened. First of all, Hong Kong and Taiwan pop music swarmed in, forming a craze. This is not only because young people are economically independent, but because pop music has youthful vitality. It shows people's will to survive.

At the same time, a large number of pop singers are constantly emerging with different styles and colorful colors. Pop songs have also received great attention and attention from the country, people and music industry.

Original ecological singing

Original ecological folk songs, as the name implies, are the original ecological folk singing music forms created by people of all ethnic groups in our country in their production and life practice and widely circulated among the people. They are an important part of the oral intangible cultural heritage of the Chinese nation.

Folk songs are the crystallization of the wisdom of people of all ethnic groups and a vivid portrayal of people's lives in various historical periods. These songs were directly produced by the people and spread among farmers, boatmen, foot catchers, shepherds and women for a long time, reflecting all aspects of life in the times, which can be said to be a vivid portrayal of people's life in various historical periods. These songs were created orally by the public, and they were constantly enriched and developed during their circulation. The lyrics are more refined, and the tunes are gradually becoming perfect, which has high artistic value. The language of folk songs is vivid. It does not directly bring simple life language, but also pays attention to traditional poetic techniques such as rhythm and contrast. It comes from life and is higher than life. It is a masterpiece of the people and the essence of popular language.

There are many kinds of folk songs in China, including pastoral songs with long and short tunes in Inner Mongolia, Manchu-Han banquet and climbing tunes in Hetao and its surrounding areas, folk songs in northern Shaanxi and northwestern Shanxi, flowers in Gansu, Qinghai and Ningxia, Twelve Muqams in Xinjiang, elder sister songs and Maoshan songs in southern Shaanxi and northern Sichuan, Wu Ge in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, Hakka folk songs in the border areas of Jiangxi, Fujian and Guangdong, etc.

According to experts, the word "original ecology" is borrowed from natural science. Ecology is a kind of existence and development state of the interaction between biology and environment. Original ecology is everything that exists under natural conditions. The original ecological folk songs are naturally expressed by ordinary people, and the adaptation of many folk songs is the variation of the original ecological situation and belongs to non-original ecology.

The original ecological singing is just a statement, which is different from the academic folk singing. Most of the national singing methods of the academic school have absorbed some western singing methods, but the original ecological singing method is a primitive and unprocessed singing method. /Article/696.html