The function of this interpretation method is to make the object of interpretation concrete and easy for readers to understand.
Second, classification
The function of classification is to explain clearly.
Third, for example
Its main function is to make the explanatory object vivid and enhance the interest of the article.
Fourth, the number of columns
Its function is to make the explanation accurate and convince the readers.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) explanation
Explain the reasons and internal relations of the explained content.
Six for comparison
Comparison is used to highlight characteristics (status, influence, etc.). ) to explain the object.
Seven. definition
Its function is to scientifically and accurately explain the connotation of the object and make the explanation more rigorous.
Draw a chart
Drawing charts can make the explanation intuitive and vivid.
Nine, imitation
Imitation can make the explanation vivid and the article more readable.
How to write a composition explaining the method? Let's see if it can help you: Common explanation methods include examples, classification, listing data, comparison, drawing charts, definition, explanation, analogy, imitating appearances and quoting materials.
We should choose the best method according to the characteristics of the explanatory object and the purpose of writing.
The following are explained separately.
(1) example.
Cite practical examples to explain things, make the things to be explained specific and make readers understand. This interpretation method is called example method.
For example, most people always think that when they are old, their memory ability must be poor. Actually, it's not. Please look at the experimental results. The International Linguistic Society made a comparison between young people aged 9 to 18 and adults over 35 when learning Esperanto, and found that the former was inferior to the latter in memory.
This is because adults are rich in knowledge and experience, and it is easy to establish extensive contacts on the basis of existing knowledge.
This connection is called "association" in psychology.
People's memory is based on association. The more knowledge and experience, the easier it is to establish associations, and the memory will be improved accordingly.
Marx began to learn Russian in his fifties. After half a year, he has been able to read the original works of famous poets and writers Pushkin, Nikolai Gogol and Schederin with relish.
This is due to rich language knowledge and ability to understand many modern and ancient languages.
The point of this article is that memory is not necessarily bad when you are old.
To illustrate this point, the author first provides the experimental results and analyzes the reasons.
So far, it's all right, but it's not specific enough and convincing. So, let's take another example: when Marx was in his fifties, it took only six months to master Russian.
This way, the content is specific and the persuasion is enhanced.
Illustration in expository text and illustration in argumentative text can make the content concrete and enhance persuasiveness.
But there are differences between them.
Examples in argumentative essays are used to prove points, while examples in expository essays are used to introduce knowledge.
To illustrate things or things through examples, we should pay attention to the representativeness and appropriateness of examples.
(2) classification.
According to certain standards, the interpreted objects are divided into different categories and explained one by one. This method of explanation is called classification.
Classification is an important way to clarify complex things.
When using classification methods, we should pay attention to the classification standards, and only one standard can be used at a time to avoid overlapping.
For example, "The collections in the library are China, classical, foreign, scientific, literary, modern, political and economic, and so on.
"More than one standard is used here, so the expression is not clear.
The correct statement should be: according to the country, there are two kinds of books in the library; According to the times, there are classical and modern; By nature, there are science and technology, literature and political economy.
In this way, only one standard is used for each classification, which is clear at a glance.
The characteristics and essence of some things need to be divided into several points or aspects, which also belongs to classification.
Please note that by using the classification method, there should be no omissions in the listed categories.
(3) Column data.
In order to make the things to be explained concrete, you can also use the method of column data to make readers understand.
It should be noted that the quoted figures must be accurate, and inaccurate figures must never be used. Even the estimated figures should have reliable basis and try to be approximate.
(4) Make a comparison.
Explain that some abstract or unfamiliar things can be compared with concrete or familiar things, so that readers can get a concrete and vivid impression through comparison.
The characteristics of things often appear in comparison.
When comparing, you can compare things in the same category, things in different categories, things can be compared horizontally or vertically.
(5) draw a chart.
In order to explain complex things clearly, we can also use charts to make up for the lack of simple words and explain some things more directly and concretely.
(6) definition.
Defining the essential characteristics of a concept in concise language is called definition.
Definition can accurately reveal the essence of things and is a common method in scientific and technological discussion.
When defining, we can consider it from different angles according to the purpose of description.
Some emphasize characteristics, such as the definition of "person"; Some emphasize functions, such as the definition of "fertilizer"; Some explain both characteristics and functions, such as the definition of "master planning method" and "applied science".
Man is an advanced animal, who can make tools and use them for labor.
Fertilizer is a substance that can provide nutrients to make plants grow.
③ Overall planning method is a mathematical method to arrange the work process.
Engineering technology, called applied science, is the knowledge of applying the basic theories of natural science to solve problems in production practice.
No matter from what angle, no matter in what way, as long as a definition is made, it is necessary to reveal the essence of things, and only such a definition is scientific.
For example, someone said, "Man is an upright animal with two feet.
This definition is unscientific because it does not reveal the essence of things.
"Man is an advanced animal, able to make tools and use them for labor.
"This is a scientific definition, because it reveals human nature.
(7) interpretation.
Explain some characteristics of things from one side. This method is called hermeneutics.
Definition and explanation often adopt the language form of "what is so-and-so".
The form is the same, how to distinguish it? Generally speaking, the words on both sides of the word "yes" are interchangeable, which is the definition; If it is not interchangeable, it is interpretation.
For example, the sentence "Man is a senior animal who can make tools and use them to work" is changed to "The senior animal who can make tools and use tools to work is a man", and the meaning remains unchanged.
The sentence "Snow is the solid precipitation formed in the cloud" cannot be changed to "The solid precipitation formed in the cloud is snow".
It can be seen that the former sentence is a definition and the latter sentence is an explanation.
(8) For example.
Using the similarity between two different things to compare, highlight the characteristics of things and enhance the vividness and vividness of explanation is called analogy.
The interpretation method of metaphor in explanatory text is consistent with that in rhetoric.
The difference is that figurative rhetoric includes simile, metaphor and borrowing. ...
There are two explanations for the work "Love Spider Spinning", which has a great significance in his life besides hunting, that is, the continuation of life.
There is a red spider in Africa, which is tightly wrapped in egg bags with sticky spider silk.
The female spider guards the egg bag all day, waiting for the birth of the baby spider.
About a month later, the egg bag cracked a small hole and the little spiders climbed out one by one.
These little spiders are born to eat.
The mother spider laid a dozen food balls, enough for the little spider to eat for three days.
Three days later, the little spider grew up a lot and began to shed its skin for the first time.
At this time, the mother spider gathered the little spiders together with her spider thread and then lay on them.
The hungry little spider scrambled to climb on the female spider and began to hesitate. But I don't know which little spider took a bite first, and my mother's skin was bitten. Other brothers and sisters smelled blood, a bit like their mother.
After a while, the mother's body was covered with children, and each child had a sharp straw. Hundreds of straws pierced the mother's epidermis and stabbed her body.
The mother did not move, so that more than 100 children sucked the liquid in her body and fed it again and again.
The female spider's body is enough for the young spider to eat for four days.
Four days later, the little spider grew bigger and bigger, and the mother spider had been eaten up.
The female spider not only feeds her children, but also awakens their hunting nature with her own juice.
The female spider willingly served as her child's first prey.
The child learned to hunt by eating his mother. Only in this way can the little spider survive in a harsh environment.
People know that female spiders eat male spiders and call her' black widow'.
But people don't know that female spiders eat male spiders not only to supplement their own nutrition, but also for the baby spiders to be born soon.
I think both male and female spiders know this. They gave their lives for their children, and it was so painful for the female spider to eat the male spider.
Spiders have a rare love among animals.
The explanation method of the article is wrong, it is 1 1.
1. Illustrate things with examples, make the things to be explained specific and make readers understand. This interpretation method is called example method.
In the article "Marching into the Desert", the successful cases of sand control in desert areas of Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia are cited, indicating that "the desert can be conquered".
2. Citation and explanation: also known as citation.
In order to make the explanation more substantial and specific, we can quote some documents, poems, proverbs and famous sayings, which can make the explanation more convincing.
The quoted materials range from classic works, famous sayings and epigrams, formulas and rules, allusions and legends, proverbs and sayings, poems and sentences, etc.
Act as the content or basis of explanation to explain and introduce things.
The article "China Stone Arch Bridge" quoted Zhang in the Tang Dynasty, which shows that the design and construction are ingenious.
3. Contrast refers to comparing some abstract or unfamiliar things with concrete or familiar things, so that readers can get a concrete and vivid impression through comparison.
The characteristics of things often appear in comparison.
In the article Great Hall of the People, in order to illustrate the building area of the banquet hall, the author used the contrast method: "The 5000-seat banquet hall is another scene.
It covers an area of 7,000 square meters, which is bigger than a football field, and its exquisite design is rare.
4. Column number In order to make the things to be explained specific, you can also use the method of column data to make it easier for readers to understand.
It should be noted that the quoted figures must be accurate, and inaccurate figures must never be used. Even the estimated figures should have reliable basis and try to be approximate.
The text in The Dead Sea Never Dies explains the length, width and depth of the Dead Sea.
The majestic Great Hall of the People also uses a series of figures to illustrate that the majestic Great Hall of the People is one of the most magnificent buildings in the capital.
5. Classification does not explain the characteristics of things, and it is often difficult to explain them unilaterally. According to the similarities and differences of shapes, properties, causes and functions of things, things can be divided into several categories, and then explained one by one according to the categories.
This method of explanation is called classification.
Classification is an important way to clarify complex things.
6. Metaphor uses the similarity between two different things to compare, thus highlighting the characteristics of things and enhancing the vividness and vividness of explanation. This is called metaphor.
For example:&; lt； Stone arch bridge in China. The bridge opening of the stone arch bridge is curved, just like a rainbow.
The basic characteristics of stone arch bridge are expressed by analogy, which gives people a sense of beauty.
7. Imitation In order to make the explained object more vivid and concrete, we can imitate the appearance, which is called imitation.
In the article "China Stone Arch Bridge", "lions with different postures are carved on each stigma.
Some of these stone lions hold their mother and son, some whisper to each other, some like to listen to the sound of water, and some like to watch pedestrians, all of which are lifelike.
"8. Defining the essential features of a concept in concise language is called definition.
Definition can accurately reveal the essence of things and is a common method in scientific and technological discussion.
In the article "Overall Planning Method", the author defines the overall planning method with the explanation method of definition: "Overall planning method is a mathematical method to arrange the work process.
"The language is concise, to the point and accurate.
9. Make an interpretation. From one side, make some explanations for a certain feature of things. This method is called hermeneutics.
Definition and explanation often adopt the language form of "what is so-and-so".
The form is the same, how to distinguish it? Generally speaking, the words on both sides of the word "yes" are interchangeable, which is the definition; If it is not interchangeable, it is interpretation.
The sentence "Man is a senior animal who can make tools and use them for labor" is changed to "The senior animal who can make tools and use tools for labor is a man", and the meaning remains unchanged.
The sentence "Snow is the solid precipitation formed in the cloud" cannot be changed to "The solid precipitation formed in the cloud is snow".
It can be seen that the former sentence is a definition and the latter sentence is an explanation.
10. Draw a chart (this doesn't need an example, does it? In order to explain complex things clearly, you can also use charts to make up for the lack of simple words and explain something more directly and concretely.
1 1. Make assumptions, that is, explain things by presupposing what will happen in the hypothetical environment.
Sun: "Without the sun, the earth would be full of darkness, cold, wind, frost, rain and dew, plants and animals, and naturally there would be no people.
"This emphasizes the close relationship between the sun and human beings.
What explanation methods are there in the composition? 1. For example, the function of this interpretation method is to make the object of interpretation concrete and easy for readers to understand.
Second, the function of classification is to make the explanation clear.
Third, for example, its main function is to make the explanatory object vivid and enhance the interest of the article.
Fourth, the function of the column number is to make the explanation accurate and convince the readers.
5. Explanations and notes, which are used to explain the reasons and internal relations of the explained content.
Comparison is used to highlight characteristics (status, influence, etc.). ) to explain the object.
7. The function of definition is to scientifically and accurately explain the connotation of the object of interpretation, making the interpretation more rigorous.
Eight, drawing charts can make the explanation content intuitive.
Nine, imitation can make the explanation vivid and make the article more readable.
There are many kinds of writing methods, such as pencil, pen, ballpoint pen, crayon and chalk ... They have left immortal achievements everywhere in production and life.
When you open the pencil box like a boat, you can see that there are many members living in it. They lie quietly and live in harmony.
A ballpoint pen, shining in the sun, is also quietly arranged there.
This pen is exquisite in appearance, uniform in ink output and very durable.
The pen is light blue, slender and cylindrical, with a length of 13 cm and a radius of about 0÷3cm.
Pen can be divided into three parts: refill, pen holder and pen cap.
Gently unscrew the metal cover, and there is a lovely little princess sleeping in the pen body of the ballpoint pen-the refill.
The refill is the brain of the whole pen. Without it, the pen can't continue to work.
The refill is very slim and easy to store in the pen container.
The pen bead, the pen tip and the plastic pipe are connected in a straight line to form a refill, which has played their respective strengths and made great contributions to the pen, but it is only one centimeter. It can be said that "the sparrow is small and complete."
Outside the refill is the pen container, which is like a strong soldier, always sticking to his post and protecting the fragile "little princess" from harm.
The pen holder is also a handsome warrior, wearing light blue armor with various patterns on it. There is also a plastic pen cover on the pen holder, which seems to surround the pen holder with a soft scarf, so that we can write more comfortably with the soft pen cover sandwiched in the middle.
At the top of the pen, there is a metal cover with the width of thumb nail to fix the nib, so that the nib will not swing from side to side when we write, so that the written font will be more neat.
The pen container also has a good friend-the pen cap, and they protect the "little princess" together.
When we don't use it, we cover the pen cap on it, so that the ink can't be volatile, so as to avoid breaking the pen tip and making the pen bead fall off and unable to work, and then the life of the pen core can be prolonged.
The refill, the pen holder and the pen cap are connected into a whole to form a pen. Although each member has different personalities, they get along very well, each has his own strengths and strives for the same "cause". All three are indispensable.
Write a composition with dogs of different shapes and sizes with 50 words; Very rich in colors and varieties; And flexible in nature, it is a lovely animal.
Dogs have the same normal facial features as people, and their limbs are more sound.
They walked, staggered and very happy.
Under normal circumstances, dogs are about eight centimeters long and weigh no more than 35 kilograms ... The colors of dog hair are colorful and there are countless varieties.
The color of dog hair is mainly black, yellow and white, and there are also black, yellow, white and black and white ... dogs-cute, intelligent and kind animals. I have a pencil box, which I just bought at the beginning of school and I like it very much.
My pencil box is made of foam, pink, 17 cm long, 6 cm wide and 3 cm high. It is a cuboid.
As soon as I saw it, the first thing I saw was the colorful pattern on the lid: four beautiful Mickey mice, two intimate conversations and two falling in love.
Although they are usually silent, they are very enthusiastic when I want to use them. Ordinary pencil case, I will cherish you forever, because you are my good helper tomato, also known as tomato.
The most common tomato is red in color, slightly oblate, small in navel, thick in meat, sweet in taste, refreshing in juice and good in flavor. They are suitable for raw and cooked food, and can also be processed into tomato sauce and tomato juice.
Besides red tomatoes, there are pink tomatoes, yellow tomatoes and green tomatoes.
I like many kinds of fruits, such as bananas, peaches and so on. What kind of fruit do I like best? Bananas are too arrogant, peaches are too low-key and apples are too self-righteous! !
Use a variety of ways to explain the composition, not too many words, at first glance, speed! ! ! ! ! Fireflies talk about hot summer days, and the moonlight quietly rises on the branches. At this time, we will find that there are many "elves" walking around with small lanterns, which emit faint fluorescence up and down. This is of course a firefly.
The dictionary says: luminous insect, yellow-brown, arthropod door, with luminous device on its tail. But do you know why fireflies glow? It turns out that there are many luminous cells that can produce fluorescein in the "luminous body" at the tail of fireflies. This chemical produced by fireflies plays a key role in luminescence. Under aerobic conditions, it is easy to combine with some high-energy substances. Under the action of luciferase (an organic compound that catalyzes biochemical changes), chemical energy can be converted into light energy, and we can see light.
It is only because the firefly's breathing and transformation are intermittent, so what we see is flashing fluorescence.
Of course, we know that the fluorescence of fireflies is mostly grass green, which is very pleasing to the eye, but different luciferases can also lead to different fluorescence colors, so it is not surprising that we will see some white or orange-red fluorescence. What's even more amazing is that firefly eggs can still shine!
Peach, a small deciduous tree, belongs to Rosaceae, Peach and Peach Subgenus in plant taxonomy.
Generally, trees are 3-4 meters high.
Weak and dry, open crown.
Young trees grow vigorously, with 1 year growth branches reaching 1 meter or more.
Buds are precocious and the crown forms rapidly.
It begins to bear fruit early, starting to bear fruit 2-3 years after planting, and reaching the full fruit stage in 6-7 years. /kloc-aged gradually after 0/5 ~ 20 years, and its life span was short. General management can maintain high yield for 25~30 years.
Peaches first grew in China and can be traced back to BC 10 century. At that time, there were documents about peaches.
Peaches were first discovered in western countries around 300 BC. Theophrastus, a Greek philosopher, thought that peaches came from Persia, so he called them Persian apples.
In the first century, some Romans mentioned that they imported peaches from Persia, assuming that peaches arrived in Europe in AD 0.
As for Britain, peaches were not recorded until 1650 BC.
As for English Peach, it comes from Latin persica.
1779, peaches were harvested in the mountainous area of Niagara Valley in the northeastern United States, becoming the earliest peach consumer goods in the United States.
Peach is rich in nutrition: the flesh is rich in sweet juice and iron, which can increase the amount of hemoglobin in human body. According to legend, eating peaches often can "benefit color", which may be the reason.
The contribution of peach, in addition to peach meat can enrich blood and nourish skin, peach kernel also has the functions of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, relieving asthma and relieving cough.
There is a prescription in Chinese medicine called Wuren decoction, which can moisten the intestines and relax the bowels and promote blood circulation. Ingredients include peach kernel, hemp seed, Prunus mume kernel, Platycladus orientalis kernel and almond, which is especially helpful for people with dry stool, stagnation of liver blood and amenorrhea.
It should be noted that peach kernel can promote blood circulation, and it is not suitable for menorrhagia or menstrual period.
Gum from peach trees is also a panacea, which can strengthen and nourish and regulate blood sugar levels.
Peach varieties are divided into five categories according to maturity: extremely early maturity, early maturity, medium maturity, late maturity and extremely late maturity.
The fruit development period (that is, the days from full flowering to fruit ripening) is very early, 80~85 days early, 100~ 120 days middle, 120~ 150 days late, 150 days or more.
In addition, peach fruit can be divided into yellow peach and white peach according to pulp color; According to the use, it is divided into fresh food varieties, processed varieties, dual-purpose varieties and ornamental peaches. According to the fruit characteristics, it is divided into peach, nectarine and flat peach.
Peach is the largest cultivation area in China, with a wide variety, which is widely distributed all over the country from south to north, accounting for more than 80%, among which Yangshan area of Taihu Lake, a water town in the south of the Yangtze River, is the most famous peach producing area.
Its official website is that in recent years, the planting area of nectarine is on the rise, and flat peaches are also selling well in the market, and ornamental peaches are even more outstanding.
Is there an article about (explanation method), shorter, about, listing numbers and making ... Li, Class 5, Grade 5 When the yellow leaves fall from his mother's arms, autumn will arrive.
This is a season that makes me happy.
Why? Because I can eat sour and sweet oranges again! Oranges are native to China and have been cultivated for nearly 4000 years.
Mainly produced in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the south of the Yangtze River.
Orange, orange and other citrus fruit trees were introduced from China to Lisbon in 147 1 year, and to Florida in 1665.
Citrus is produced in 135 countries in the world, with an annual output of102.822 million tons and an area of10.73 million mu, ranking first among the hundred fruits. Brazil ranks first with 24,252,600 tons, followed by the United States with16,335,200 tons, and China ranks third.
(enumerating numbers) Look! These round oranges in Huang Chengcheng are soft to the touch, just like small balls.
If you put colorful candles on it, they look like delicate little lanterns from a distance! (Suppose) At this moment, I put the orange in my hand, and I saw a groove on it with a small brown handle in it, which is where it connects with the big tree. I don't think it will forget the contribution of trees and soil.
Although oranges are not as beautiful as strawberries, they are not as strong as watermelons; Although there is no attractive color of grapes, and it is not as smooth as apple silk (as a contrast), its shiny body will also make people like it.
Ha! There are more than a dozen moon-like "orange babies" hidden inside (for example). They are bigger than Fang, fatter than each other, and they are like brothers and sisters, squeezing around.
They are side by side, forming a small ball, and the white silk scarves that everyone is wearing are so cool and clean.
The faint orange fragrance is overwhelming and refreshing.
Smell more fragrant than osmanthus will make people drool.
I couldn't wait to peel off a piece of "orange" baby, put it in my mouth, and then a sweet and sour taste "flew out". This juice, like honey, is sweet to the bottom of my heart.
They are not only delicious, but also full of treasures.
The seeds, leaves and skins of oranges can be used as medicine.
Oranges have high medicinal value.
Dried skin is called dried tangerine peel, which not only helps digestion, but also can make tea: because oranges are delicious, some businessmen make oranges into orange sauce to sell.
The sweet and sour taste of oranges has also attracted many people's love, and orange perfumes of various colors on the shelves came into being!
Apple is a kind of fruit that everyone is familiar with. It is chubby and covered with red harvest.
Hold it in your hand and it will gently stick to your palm. When you choose it from thousands of apple trees in Qian Qian, it is a kind of happiness. It can bring sweetness to people, which is its greatest happiness. Apple is a kind of fruit that grows in the north.
The idiom "fruitful" refers to it.
Every time you walk through an apple orchard, its attractive fragrance will enter your nostrils and even your whole body with the breeze, and that long-lost comfort will gush out from your long-buried nerves.
What could be easier than this? Let me introduce apples! The height of flowering deciduous trees of apple trees can reach 15 meters, and it is generally 3-5 meters high under cultivation conditions.
The trunk is grayish brown, the old bark has irregular longitudinal cracks or flaking, and the branchlets are smooth.
The leaf sequence is simple and alternate, oval to ovoid, and the leaf margin is serrated.
Corymb with white petals, pink buds, 20 stamens and 5 styles.
Fruit is a kind of kernel, and its color and size vary with varieties.
Apples like light, slightly acidic to neutral soil.
It is most suitable for sandy soil with deep soil layer, rich organic matter and good ventilation and drainage of core soil.
There are more than 7500 known varieties.
Improved varieties: "Red Star Series", "Red Fuji" and "Jonathan".
In addition to fresh varieties, there are apples for cooking.
Because the fruit acid of apple has the function of retaining water, it is suitable for baking
Apples contain a lot of pectin, which is a soluble fiber that can reduce cholesterol and bad cholesterol.
It can also control asthma and chronic obstructive pneumonia.
.
Apples have a special effect on enhancing children's memory.
Apple not only contains a variety of vitamins, lipids, minerals, sugars and other essential nutrients for the brain, but also contains fine fibers beneficial to children's growth and development and zinc that can enhance children's memory.
Zinc is an essential element to form nucleic acid and protein closely related to memory. Zinc deficiency will lead to the hypoplasia of hippocampus on the edge of cerebral cortex.
Once zinc in food is reduced, children's memory and learning ability will be seriously damaged, which can last until adulthood.
In order to make children have a good memory, children should be allowed to eat more apples.
Please indicate the source? What are the ways to explain the composition?