The "virtual" and "real" here are commonly understood as: there is real, and there is no virtual; Evidence is truth, and false support is empty; Objectivity is true, hermit is empty; Actions are true, but words are empty; The present is true and the future is empty; What is known is true and what is unknown is false. Take Li He's poem "Will Send" as an example: "Roll the mat in the east bed to protect the autumn. Autumn is far away and the moon is full. " The first two sentences are written in order, and the journey is about to begin. This is real writing. So what is the road ahead and what is the poet's heart? I won't say this directly. The poet just wrote the scene in front of him. The autumn sky is far away and the sky is boundless; Moonlight, like water, fills the road and seems to have no end. This is a virtual pen.
The author wants to explore some writing methods of college entrance examination composition from the perspective of the relationship between "virtual" and "real" in order to relieve the confusion of some candidates.
There are two materials below. After reading, write as required:
Material 1: geese leave their voices, others leave their names. Footprints will be left everywhere in life: under the bridge on the road, in the streets and lanes ... Footprints may not be erased, but the road has changed, the bridge has collapsed, the street has disappeared, and the lane has changed ... Can we still pick up the footprints of the past? With the passage of time, many things have left their footprints. What can you think of?
Please write a composition on the topic of "Footprints", which can tell stories, expand imagination and express feelings.
Material 2 Affection is intangible, and no one can tell what it looks like; Feelings are free, and no one will let you spend money to buy them; Affection is priceless, nothing can match its price, affection is selfless, and nothing can sacrifice oneself more than it. ...
You must have your own unique feelings about family. Please write a composition on the topic of "family".
The requirements of the two materials are the same: ① independent decision; 2 topic self-made; 3 style selection; (4) Not less than 800 words.
Analyze "topics". Footprints are tangible, that is, they are real things; As verbs, the meaning of "emotional meaning" and "feeling" lies in thinking or deep in the heart, which is intangible and exists in the carrier of people's thoughts and feelings. When students are faced with writing topics with specific nouns, their thinking is often limited to these nouns themselves, and they are not good at association and imagination, or they are not good at divergent thinking in many aspects. Therefore, it is difficult to connect the materials collected from real life with writing topics, and they cannot find a starting point for writing, which leads to a narrow writing space. To this end, we can adopt the method of "avoiding the real and making the virtual". Specifically, we can use the past scenery, future scenery and inner scenery to reflect the real scene in front of us; Authors can express real people by mixing synthetic, historical or virtual characters; Notes can reflect real feelings and facts with the help of things in memory, assumptions and even dreams; Writing theory can be extended by concrete images, talking about history, culture, life, society and so on. Therefore, "footprint" can be associated with the road under foot (virtual) through the real footprint, with the history of growth (virtual) through the road under foot, and with the footprint of life (virtual) through the process of growth. Its connotation is rich and profound, its artistry is revealed and its philosophy is excavated. Such ideas, ideas and writing methods can be implemented. Such as "culture, stepping on the footprints of autumn":
Culture, pursuing the footsteps of autumn.
Singing "Looking up, I found it was moonlight, and then sinking, I suddenly remembered home", and Li Bai chased the footsteps of autumn to find the way home; Spit a sentence "Leave the residual lotus to listen to the rain", Li Yishan followed the footsteps of autumn and disappeared into the confused fog; Whispering "Steal a pear core and borrow a plum blossom soul", Lin Daiyu followed the footsteps of autumn and buried her romantic life with a piece of pure land.
Autumn, sentimental autumn, its footprints are all over this magical land. With the wheel of history, it has been more than two thousand years in Kyushu, China. How many literati indulge in the footsteps of autumn. Its footprint crosses the field, and Xin Qiji touches its golden color with "rich years in the fragrance of rice and flowers"; Its footprints remain on the frost leaves, leading Du Mu to "the depths of white clouds"; The Moon Palace left its footprint, which provoked Dongpo to "ask heaven for wine"; Its footprint stayed in the deep mountains and taught Tao Qian to "pick chrysanthemums under the east fence" ...
Not just poetry! When Yuyao left the footprint of 1948 in autumn, Yu, a figure who influenced the contemporary literary world, was born. The footsteps of autumn, accompanied by the continuous autumn rain, have gone through the "cultural journey", the "notes of mountain residence", the "long river of frost and cold" and said "a thousand-year sigh", ending with "borrowing my life". Mr. Yu left a trail of autumn in the north and south of the Yangtze River with his pen tip, which made autumn occupy enough weight in China culture and exotic culture! Autumn gave Yu a lifetime, and Yu gave China culture a lifetime. Following the footsteps of autumn, he took the wounds of the next generation, the tears of ruins, Qu Yuan's dreams, Li Bai's poems, Kunlun Mountain and the waves of the Yellow River, and he became a nirvana phoenix, flying proudly in the autumn of culture.
The shadow of autumn can also be found in the traditional folk culture of China. When the footsteps of autumn stay in August, a song "The Moon of the Fifteenth" sings endlessly, echoing in the barracks at the ends of the earth of the motherland; When the footsteps of autumn stay in August, a song "Baguihuakai" sings the deep affection between the army and the people and stays in the years of burning passion; When the footsteps of autumn stay in August, plates of attractive moon cakes are placed on the dining table of every household, and a bite is crispy and delicious, sweet in the mouth and beautiful in the heart; When the footsteps of autumn stay in August, the fairy in the moon palace will also light a lamp for homesick people. This is the so-called Mid-Autumn Festival. ...
Autumn flowers can pass away, but autumn footprints have really existed. Autumn moon can change, but autumn footprints have become eternal. A nation's culture, relying on autumn, will be rich and heavy, handed down from generation to generation.
Culture, with the footsteps of autumn, lasts forever. ...
When the author saw Footprints, he quickly positioned the material on "culture", which made him "avoid reality and be empty". Taking the word "autumn" as a clue, he strung together cultures that span ancient and modern times and across China and the West, and was ingenious, making the article magnificent. This is really a clever idea. This composition is rich in content and widely read by practitioners. Masterpieces (that is, the "real" theme in this article) are readily available, and there will be no empty discussion and summary introduction, nor will it give readers the feeling of being speechless and speaking less. However, the bottom of the pen is fragrant, the article is profound and full of cultural atmosphere. Of course, this article has deep language skills and literary talent, such as proper quotation (true), richness and elegance (ethereal); Multi-purpose parallelism, magnificent (virtual). "emptiness" makes the image of "footprints" fly through the ages and cross China and the west. The course "Culture" not only has a specific history and region, but also has an abstract ideological identity in readers' minds, so that readers can get a clear understanding. The artistry produced by its "literary style" and "language style" cannot but make readers sigh and shock: this is a masterpiece.
The topic of "affection" covers a wide range. If you directly express your feelings or views on this concept, it will inevitably lead to superficial and vague articles. Therefore, the idea can be broad, big or small, and can be abstracted into concrete methods, that is, the content can be specific to the love of mother and child, father and son, brothers and sisters, grandparents and grandchildren. Can also be refined, such as the performance of fatherly love, you can choose a side and angle about fatherly love, start with a typical case, and write your own unique feelings, that is, "avoiding emptiness and being real." In short, it is the key to write this topic from a specific small angle.
How to turn it into reality? Look for details from life and typical details from your own experience, but avoid similarities, otherwise you will lose your personality and become mediocre. In fact, there are thousands of people, and their relatives are very different, and the ways to express their affection are very different. Only by expressing your inner world with your own pen can you break through mediocrity and make your composition shine. Such as "I want to hold your hand":
i want to hold your hand
Your hand, my hand.
In my impression, your hands are big and mine are small. Your hand can always easily wrap my hand or cover my whole face. Although I tried to break free, I never succeeded.
In my impression, your hands are magical and mine are clumsy. Your hand can always conjure up what I want, and you can play such wonderful music on my little electronic piano. Although I have tried many times in private, I still can't play your melody.
When you hold my hand
I still remember you holding my hand and singing "Little Poplar" and "Wine on September 9th". I sang loudly that night. I know, because you are by my side, because you hold my hand.
I still remember you holding my hand to fly a kite. We ran and laughed wantonly, watching the kite fly higher and higher, but I greedily refused to leave your palm and your arms.
When you hold my hand, there is no fear and cold in my world; When you hold my hand, I will always have a clear sky; When you hold my hand, I am really a kite. Even if I fly, you still have the thread.
i want to hold your hand
Countless times I want you to hold my hand, give me warmth, give me courage, give me love, and tell me that you are around.
Countless times, you held my hand and gave me warmth, courage and love. But that time, when I should hold your hand, I didn't.
You are lying in a hospital bed with a respirator. I saw your painful expression and heard your shortness of breath. I whisper in your ear, I know you want to open your eyes, I know you want to hold my hand. I really want to hold your hand, but I don't know why I didn't. ...
You are fighting death, but I didn't hold your hand and give me courage; Your body temperature gradually dissipated, but I didn't hold your hand to give you warmth; You are breathing hard, trying to fight for a miracle, but I didn't hold your hand and give you love information. ...
I really want to hold your hand, make you smile and try to pull it back; I really want to hold your hand and let my body temperature inject into your palm; I really want to hold your hand and let me repay your kindness with my life; I really want to hold your hand and say to you: I can't participate in the first half of your life, and I will accompany you in the second half. ...
Writing about father's "hand" is broad and magical. Holding my hand conveys a father's love, but silence is better than sincere care in a thousand words. I wrote a few "points" (small things) in my life, and then I tried to write my father's hand after being influenced, but when choosing materials, I was placed in the scene of my father's dying, which made me grateful for his love. The article cuts to the chase from a small angle, making the feelings between father and daughter more specific and leaving an unforgettable impression. Father's "hand" is an object line (reality) running through the whole paper, and its connotation conveys a kind of affection (emptiness), which is excavated from the details connected with "reality".
It can be seen that the author's deep feelings and whimsy are mixed in his works, which must be extracted from real people, things and things, and what is conveyed to readers is beautiful and true, which is inseparable from his handling of reality and the relationship between reality in his works.
The author suggests that our students practice more short essays in peacetime and inject the writing idea of "virtual and real", which will be beneficial. A student borrowed this method and wrote the following passage:
He quickly opened the curtains, then opened the window and took a deep breath in the face of the rising sun: "How nice, the sun rises from my window every day."
On the surface, such a short paragraph of text is actually written in vain. What did it write for nothing? It is the author who is full of confidence and hope for life (this is just a hint in the article, not straightforward). With such content, the article will definitely get high marks at the development level.
The composition should be "meaningful" and "meaningful". "Things" are real; Tao is also empty. Students are expected to understand the concepts of emptiness and reality and the relationship between them, and the stream of writing will never be exhausted.
practice
[Proposition design]
Read the following materials and write as required:
Pessimists say: There are countless walls in this world.
Optimists say: There are countless doors in this world.
Realists say: the world is made up of countless separation walls and countless communication doors.
How do you understand these three views? Please choose one or more of the above viewpoints and write an article on "Wall and Door". You can make comments, write stories, or directly express your deep feelings.
[Description of test questions]
This is a typical practical problem. The topic "wall and door" is a coordinate noun phrase, which contains two concrete objects: "wall" and "door". Judging from the topic, if you write it, unless you write an explanatory article, you will introduce the definition, types, materials, methods and functions of walls or doors. If you write another genre, such as prose, narrative, argumentative essay and novel, you will be so honest.
In fact, the material has given us a hint of the direction of writing. You see, "Realists say that the world is made up of countless walls and countless communication doors", which has explained and expounded the walls and doors in a virtual sense. "Wall" means separate and closed, and "door" means open communication. Therefore, as long as we grasp such a purposeful direction and use association and imagination, we can express our unique understanding and perception of walls and doors from reality to nothingness.
[excellent work]
[Description of test questions]
This is a typical "real question". The topic "wall and door" is a coordinate noun phrase, which contains two concrete objects: "wall" and "door". The "wall" is an artificial barrier or periphery, which plays the role of isolation or partition; A "door" is a "wall" or an entrance or exit on a vehicle. Thus, in terms of the original meaning of the title, "wall" and "door" are a pair of opposing and complementary concepts. There is no wall without a door in the world, and there is no door without a wall. Write a composition on the topic of "Wall and Door". If you use "real" instead of "real", use "real" instead of "real", unless you write an explanatory article, specifically explain the definition, types, building materials, construction methods, functions and history of "wall". Writing prose, narrative or argumentative essays, if realistic, will inevitably fail to write depth and ideas, and will lose the meaning and role of writing, which is also inconsistent with the explanation and citation of the meaning of the topic in the propositional materials. The "realist" in the material says that "the world consists of countless walls and communication doors", and has explained the meaning and connotation of "wall" and "door". "Wall" means separation, closure and isolation, and "door" means communication, openness and openness. Therefore, you must express the empty meaning of "wall and door" according to the intention of the composition topic, thus expressing your understanding and perception of life.
[Examples of excellent works]
Example 1: Reorganization of doors and walls
Wei Liu
Door to wall, like spirit and matter, complement each other and are inseparable.
No door exists in isolation, no wall. Not including the Arc de Triomphe in Paris, of course. It and the flame that burned under it for nearly a hundred years have become a symbol.
Having said that, I can't help thinking of the symbol of the Chinese nation, the first wall in the world-the Great Wall. It's called the Great Wall. Maybe the builder wants to turn the whole China into a city, so it's enough to be the owner of the city himself. There are doors on the Great Wall, such as Shanhaiguan and Jiayuguan, which are all big and magnificent doors. However, there are too few doors, indeed too few. Countless business travelers sigh for it, and the sound of Princess He Fan's ring is blocked.
The Great Wall, as a defensive barrier, failed to stop Huma from going south, but it taught countless people in the spring dream to die on the battlefield.
The Great Wall has not only failed to fulfill its responsibilities, but has become its greatest enemy. The fatuous emperor always thought that several thick walls were insurmountable barriers for foreigners and the central country was impregnable. Maybe he can't climb the Great Wall himself anyway, but it doesn't affect the trampling and crossing of the Great Wall by the enemy's iron hoof at all.
Why is this? Because there are too few doors.
Is this contradictory? No, it's not contradictory. If businessmen from the mutual market can freely travel inside and outside the Great Wall and bring back information and good horses, I think they will certainly bring Hu Gang's olive branch and vines of friendship.
The Great Wall, because you lack doors, you have become a symbol of closure and ignorance!
However, today, the Great Wall, you are facing new challenges. The era of Kingoma Iron has long passed, and the information age has arrived. You must hold back the pain and open countless doors to meet the footsteps from all directions. You must break your own imprisonment, so that you can complete the great feat of self-improvement, self-transcendence and self-defeat, and also overcome everything.
I bless you, Great Wall. You have experienced more than two thousand years of wind and rain, ups and downs, vicissitudes of life, you will certainly win the victory of challenging yourself again, and you will certainly complete a great nirvana in the fire. Realize the recombination of "door" and "wall" in this great nirvana!
[Brief Comment] This composition in the examination room is very imposing, with opening and closing. At the beginning, the relationship between "wall" and "door" is used to point out that they are "complementary and inseparable", and then the Arc de Triomphe in Paris is taken as a special case, which not only supplements the viewpoint of the article, but also naturally leads to the conclusion that the Great Wall is a symbol of the Chinese nation. Then, write "virtual" with "real", combining virtual and real, not only "real" writing the Great Wall to enclose China into a city, but also "virtual" writing the closed consciousness and foolish concept of the Great Wall; It not only "really" wrote the "majestic gate" on the Great Wall, but also falsely wrote the danger that there are too few "gates", that is, we communicate with others too little. At the end of the article, the third person is changed to the first person, and the voice is expressed in a calling tone, expressing ardent hopes and expectations for the motherland that is undergoing reform and opening up. Score 52 points.
Example 2: Select
A once famous corrupt official suddenly died.
The next day, he was brought before God, waiting to accept God's arrangement for the rest of his life. As soon as he saw the noble God, he knelt before him devoutly, spread his hands on the ground and murmured, "My noble Lord, you are as mighty and handsome as I imagined." Today, I finally had the honor to see your face. I really created it! "
God laughed it off and seemed silent. But there was a loud voice in my ear: "Go ahead, I will try my best to meet your requirements." He was secretly happy after listening. But he pretended to be serious: "In fact, I don't have any requirements. As long as I can spend the rest of my life meaningfully, I don't have any extravagant hopes." "All right, come with me." With that, he felt dizzy, and then he was unconscious.
When he woke up, he found himself in the vast fog, just like Penglai fairyland. I saw a dark door standing in front of me. At this moment, God suddenly appeared beside him, pointed to the gate and said to him, "This is the gate to hell. Do you want to go to hell? " He said, "Let me see before I decide." He opened the door, and suddenly, he was frightened by the sight inside: it was dark, lightning and thunder, and from time to time there was a monster with blue face and fangs, a vicious fire dragon spewing flames, and a battle-hardened giant spewing letters. He quickly closed the door and politely refused God. Later, he was taken to a scarlet door by God. Before God introduced him, he couldn't wait to open the door. Suddenly, he was stunned by the charming scenery inside: the sky inside was clear, there were no clouds in Wan Li, and there were lush vegetation and lush foliage, which made him look like a paradise. "This must be heaven, so I chose this place," he said with a smile. Well, in that case, you can't regret it. Say that finish, god turned into a green light and disappeared without a trace.
He hurried into the gate, ready to enjoy this heavenly life. I don't know, but suddenly it was dark, thunder and lightning, countless monsters bared their teeth, fire dragons sprayed thick flames, and giant mangs vomited long messages, all of which came at him. He hurried to push the door, but it wouldn't open. He saw the door become a wall, and the words were engraved on the wall: "When it is false, it is true, when it is true, it is false, and changes are everywhere."
[Brief Comment] This is another special composition. Smart candidates use bold imagination to turn "reality" into "emptiness", and writing "emptiness" with "emptiness" means turning concrete "walls" and "doors" into illusory "walls" and "doors". But in the process of writing, they can regard "emptiness" as "reality", delicate and realistic, concrete but not abstract. This writing method of revealing abstract intentions with illusory storylines is the technique of "writing with emptiness". Here, the first step of the "white photo topic" is "turning reality into emptiness" and then "writing emptiness with emptiness", which is both magical and unpredictable, reflecting the reality and profoundly reflecting the life destination of corrupt officials. In particular, at the end of the article, a pair of words "fake is true, true and false are hard to distinguish, and changes are everywhere" not only explain the reasons for the mutual changes between "door" and "wall" in the life of corrupt officials, but also point out the main idea of the article, which is profound, thought-provoking and self-reflective. Score 53 points.
[Summary of conclusions]
The key to the "white portrait topic" is to recognize the characteristics of the real topic and accurately understand the specific connotation of the real topic. On this basis, from near to far, from here to there, find the symbolic meaning or additional meaning of the real topic, then turn the real topic into a virtual topic and start writing with emotion. This requires candidates to transplant or project their subjective feelings and thoughts to the object in the proposition or topic with the help of certain artistic perception, so that the intention goes beyond the description object or the object itself. For example, taking "well" as the essay topic, "well" is a real and concrete object. If you write, you must write the depth of the "well" and whether the water in the "well" is salty. However, Singaporean writer You Jin felt an ideal personality from an ancient well. He said: "There is a kind of person, like an ancient well. On the surface, it looks like a circle of stagnant water. Quietly, whether the wind comes or not, he can't make waves. Passers-by didn't even look at him. However, one day, when you are thirsty, you stand there and fetch water to drink. Surprisingly, this ancient well is so deep and unfathomable. The water that comes out is so clear and crystal clear; The taste of the well water is so sweet that your soul has left your body. This kind of talent is beautiful and stupid. I know everything from astronomy to geography. You dig and dig, or you dig endlessly. Every time I take it out, it shines with wisdom. At the end of the article, it said: "Ancient wells can be met but not sought. Once met, it is your nature. "Starting from today's Gu Jing, with the image of' Gu Jing' as the carrier, attached to things, the similarities between' Gu Jing' and someone were rendered, so that the' physical property' of' Gu Jing' and someone's' humanity' were unified and integrated. Although the expression means "beyond things", it makes the human nature in the pen conform to the physical characteristics. Therefore, when writing imaginary questions, we must pay attention to the combination of reality and falsehood.