The occurrence of epidemic diseases in pig farms is mainly caused by the invasion and spread of exogenous pathogenic microorganisms or the spread of pathogenic microorganisms in the field. When the pig farm itself becomes an ideal place for germs, the occurrence of epidemic diseases is inevitable. Therefore, how to prevent the invasion, reproduction and spread of pathogenic microorganisms is the key to protect the health of pigs. In production, good disinfection measures can effectively control the growth, reproduction and spread of pathogenic microorganisms, and cut off the road of survival and spread of pathogenic microorganisms. Therefore, a good pig farm must formulate a strict disinfection management plan to provide a good environmental guarantee for the healthy growth of pigs.

1 Selection scheme of disinfectant

1. 1 Precautions for drug selection:

1. 1. 1 Choose two or more disinfectants with different properties that are suitable for your actual situation according to the types of common diseases, epidemic situation, disinfection objects, disinfection equipment and pig farm conditions. At the same time, the characteristics of quick onset, good stability, strong permeability, low toxicity, small irritation and corrosion and price factors are considered.

1. 1.2 Fully consider the epidemic situation and possible development trend of live pigs in this area, and select two or more disinfectants with different properties for storage and use.

1. 1.3 create conditions, regularly monitor the disinfection effect of disinfection drugs, and select ideal disinfection drugs according to the actual disinfection effect.

1.2 disinfectants commonly used in pig farms and their types

1.2. 1 iodine preparations mainly include strong iodine, Baijunxiao -30 and quick-acting iodine.

1.2.2 Strong alkali mainly refers to 2% or 3% caustic soda solution, lime powder or stone powder emulsion. Caustic soda can be used for disinfection of empty houses, outdoor areas and external environment. Lime powder is sterile and moisture-proof, which is suitable for delivery rooms and piglet feeding houses, and can also be scattered around the site to form isolation zones.

1.2.3 quaternary ammonium salts such as anli 2000 and baidusha. This disinfectant is mainly suitable for newly-built pig farms.

1.2.4 formaldehyde, also known as formalin, can be used for surgical disinfection, environmental fumigation and disinfection according to different concentrations, and can also be used as a preservative.

1.2.5 peroxide, such as peracetic acid, is divided into two bottles, A and B. When in use, the solution A and B are mixed for 24-48 hours before use. The effective concentration is about 18%, and the spray disinfection concentration is 0.2%-0.5%. Now it is prepared.

1.2.6 chlorine-containing preparations such as bleaching powder, disinfectant and 99 disinfectant. The concentration of disinfectant is 400-500 times that of solution spray disinfection.

1.2.7 Phenols, such as fungicides, should be used at a concentration of1:100-1:300.

1.2.8 weak acid, such as midujing, with the concentration of 1: 500- 1: 800.

2 disinfection scheme for pig farms

2. 1 routine disinfection scheme

The routine disinfection focuses on the cleaning and disinfection of the entrance to the farm, the entrance to the production area, the entrance to the shed, the pigs, the environment in the farm, the pig platform and other parts and veterinary instruments.

2. 1. 1. All personnel entering the pig farm must go through the four-step disinfection procedure of "stepping, washing, taking photos and changing" (stepping on the caustic soda disinfection pad, scattering ultraviolet rays for 5 minutes to 10 minutes, washing their hands with disinfectant, changing work clothes and rubber boots in the field), and enter through the special disinfection channel.

2. 1.2 The vehicle disinfection pool at the entrance of the parking lot should be longer than twice the circumference of the entrance wheel, and the width should be the same as the whole entrance. The height of the liquid medicine in the tank is 15 cm ~ 20 cm. At the same time, low-pressure disinfection equipment should be equipped to spray and disinfect the production vehicles entering the site.

2. 1.3 All articles entering the site must be disinfected by one or more disinfection methods (such as ultraviolet lamp irradiation for 30 minutes to 60 minutes, spraying disinfectant, soaking or wiping, etc.). ) according to the characteristics of the article.

2.2 terminal disinfection scheme

Terminal disinfection in pig farms is mainly implemented after the epidemic situation subsides, or after a single pigsty or a single pigsty is vacant, which is an important measure to prevent the spread of pathogenic microorganisms, ensure the health of pigs and prevent the occurrence of epidemic diseases.

2.2. 1 after cleaning and sorting out the empty house or column with appliances, remove the garbage in the house in time, clean the dust and residual materials in the walls, ceilings, vents, doorways and water pipes, and sort out various appliances. After the epidemic subsides, the removed feces and pollutants should be buried deeply, burned or otherwise treated harmlessly.

2.2.2 Clean fences, equipment and appliances.

Firstly, all surfaces in the empty house are sprayed with low pressure to ensure full wetting, and sprayed repeatedly when necessary to increase the soaking strength. Spraying scope includes wall surface, sink, floor or bed surface, pigsty, vent and various appliances, especially sink, and the effective soaking time is not less than 30 minutes.

Secondly, the wall, sink, floor or bed surface, drinking fountain, pigsty, vent, various utensils and dung ditch are thoroughly cleaned with a washing machine under high pressure until the above areas are as clean as possible.

Finally, the washing machine is used to spray the wall, sink, pigsty, water dispenser, vent, various electrical appliances, bed surface or floor from top to bottom.

2.2.3 Disinfection of pens, equipment and utensils can choose disinfectants, fungicides, Quick Disinfection No.5, caustic soda and peracetic acid according to different disinfection objects. Empty houses can be disinfected by air spraying with 1: 2000 Quick Disinfection No.5 or 0.3%-0.5% peracetic acid, with 500 ml of prepared disinfectant per square meter, 1 once and twice every two days. When spraying, pay special attention to those places where dirt is easy to remain, such as corners, cracks, joints, water seepage surfaces, etc. When spraying, put the pigsty ceiling first and spread the floor along the wall.

2.2.4 Restore the layout of the house. During the period of air drying in an empty house, the necessary inspection and maintenance should be carried out on the equipment and appliances in the house, focusing on the inspection of the sink and water dispenser, blocking the rat hole in the house, doing a good job of killing rats with drugs in the house, and making full preparations before entering the pig.

2.2.5 Spray the empty house again 1 day before entering the pig.

2.3 Sterilization plan for pigs

2.3. 1 before disinfection, clean and sanitary, and try to eliminate unfavorable factors such as feces, urine and production garbage that affect the disinfection effect.

2.3.2 Disinfection interval, depending on the specific situation of the pig farm, is usually disinfected once every 5-7 days and once a day in case of epidemic.

2.3.3 Pigs in piggery are usually disinfected by spraying with 0. 1% peracetic acid solution, 0.5% Qiangduling solution or 0.0 15% Baidusha solution. Considering the floor space of the house, the dosage of liquid medicine is generally controlled at 0.3l/m2~0.5l/m2.

2.3.4 Disinfectant must be prepared and mixed well, so as to avoid disinfection while adding water.

3 Daily disinfection management plan

3. 1 Set reasonably distributed ultraviolet lamps at the entrance of the construction site and the entrance of the production area, and it is best to keep the lamps on for 24 hours. In general, the ultraviolet lamp should be replaced every 45 days 1 time.

3.2 If foot washing is disinfected, the depth of liquid medicine should at least exceed the ankle, and rubber boots should be kept clean before foot washing.

3.3 During the key epidemic prevention period, when the pigs are disinfected, the times of disinfection and the dosage of liquid medicine can be appropriately increased. When the death of pigs increases or the stocking density is high, it is necessary to appropriately increase the dosage and concentration of the liquid medicine when transporting pigs for disinfection.

3.4 For pregnant rooms and breeding rooms that cannot be empty, the overall environmental sanitation of the rooms should be thoroughly cleaned at least once every six months, including dust on the roof, doors and windows and other places that are not easy to clean at ordinary times.

3.5 For the disinfection of the same object, disinfectants with different properties should be used in turn on a regular basis, but different disinfectants cannot be mixed at the same time.

3.6 When an independent dosing drinking water system is installed in the vacant room, the system must be cleaned and disinfected.

4 Other precautions

4. 1 Prepare disinfectant according to the instructions for use of disinfectant, master the accurate ratio, and do not increase or decrease the drug concentration at will.

4.2 Don't mix two different types of disinfectants, and don't disinfect the same item at the same time.

4.3 Strictly follow the disinfection operation procedures to ensure the disinfection effect.

4.4 Replace the disinfectant regularly and disinfect an object with a disinfectant for a short time.

4.5 The finished products shall be used up within the specified time as far as possible.

4.6 The staff should pay attention to self-protection to avoid the disinfectant from irritating hands, skin, mucous membranes and eyes. At the same time, we should also pay attention to the harm of disinfectant to pigs and the corrosion of metals and other items.