Introduction of Ten Fire Hidden Dangers in Life
1. Lack of fire safety knowledge, weak awareness of fire prevention, such as not using fire extinguishers in case of fire, not knowing how to call the police in time, not knowing simple fire escape knowledge in case of fire, etc.
Second, while the decoration is becoming more and more luxurious, a large number of flammable materials are used.
Third, illegal use of electrical appliances. The doubling of household appliances has led to a sharp increase in electricity consumption. If it exceeds the maximum bearing capacity of the original electrical circuit and switch, it will easily cause fire or local heating, thus causing fire. In addition, long-term heat, moisture, loss of insulation capacity, disrepair, aging or damage of insulation layer, random connection and random pulling, resulting in short circuit of wires, and easy to cause fire.
After the use of household appliances, some people just turn off the switch of the main body of the appliance without pulling out the wire plug from the socket, so that the appliance is still in a local power-on state, and long-term heat storage causes the appliance to malfunction and cause a fire or explosion; The plug arrangement of household appliances is too concentrated, or simply removed from a socket, which increases the contact resistance of the line and is likely to cause fire in the long run; Refrigerators, air conditioners and lamps are too close to flammable materials such as curtains and sofas; When you were using the electric iron, you suddenly encountered a power outage, but you forgot to unplug it. Once you make a phone call, it is easy to cause a fire.
Fourth, careless use of fire in family life. For example, cooking oil will burn if it is heated continuously for too long and the temperature exceeds the self-ignition point of the oil.
5. If the gas stove is not inspected regularly, it will be damaged (such as valve, gasket and hose damage), leading to gas leakage, or irregular operation (such as putting down gas cylinders, baking at high temperature, not closing the valve in time after use, etc.). ), but also easy to cause explosions and fires.
6. Store inflammable and explosive articles at home. With more and more motorcycles and cars entering residents' homes, some people store gasoline at home for convenience without taking safety measures, which lays a fire hazard.
Seven, improper handling of small fire sources For example, some people like to smoke in bed or on the sofa, especially after drinking, the smoke has not been finished, people have fallen asleep, and cigarette butts are easy to burn bedding.
Eight, children play with fire or set off firecrackers.
Nine, the use of flammable materials to build privately, disorderly wiring, a little careless may cause a fire.
Ten, safety, light fire prevention. For example, anti-theft guardrails are installed on windows, and railings are installed on the passages of residential quarters, so it is impossible to escape in case of fire, and the fire exits are not smooth.
The coping strategies of the top ten fires in life.
First, enhance the awareness of fire safety and improve the ability of self-prevention, self-help and self-study. The use of radio, television, newspapers and other news media, the distribution of residents' fire knowledge manuals, to popularize fire safety knowledge to the majority of residents, improve fire awareness and self-help ability.
Second, try to use refractory materials for decoration or flame retardant treatment for flammable materials. At the same time, the arrangement of household flammable items should not be too concentrated, and there should be appropriate spacing to facilitate fire fighting.
Three, the safe use of electrical appliances, regular maintenance of electrical wiring, to prevent heat, moisture or corrosion; Scientifically manage household appliances and equipment, control the quality when adding high-power household appliances, and try to use open wires to facilitate wiring and maintenance; Do not use one socket with multiple appliances; Develop the habit of cutting off the power supply at any time after using electricity; Flammables are not stacked around household appliances; Do not use copper wire, iron wire or aluminum wire instead of safety wire.
Fourth, strengthen the management of household fire. When cooking, if the oil temperature is too high to catch fire, you should quickly pour the dishes into the pot, or cover the pot, and never water the pot; The flue should also be dredged regularly.
Five, strengthen the daily management of gas cookers. Check before use and replace the aged and damaged parts in time; When using, first open the doors and windows or exhaust fan, and operate strictly according to the requirements.
Six, gasoline, alcohol and other flammable items are best placed outdoors, not stored in barrels or fragile glass containers that are easy to cause static electricity, and not close to open flames or heat sources. At the same time, strictly control the storage quantity and don't store too much.
Seven, don't smoke in bed or on the sofa, it is best not to drink and smoke. Put out the crossed matches and cigarette butts.
Eight, educate children not to move all kinds of gas switches. Flammable articles should be kept out of the reach of children.
Nine, do not violate the rules and regulations, and resolutely clean up the illegal buildings that have been built and have great fire hazards.
Ten, when setting up a safety net, we should pay attention to fire prevention, according to people's physical characteristics to maintain an appropriate width, try to use fire security doors.
How to save yourself in case of fire
In a fire, trapped people should have good psychological quality, keep calm, don't panic, don't act blindly, and choose the correct escape method. It must be noted that the temperature at the scene of the fire is amazing, and smoke will block your view. When we saw the fire scene in movies and TV, everything was clear. It was shot outside the smoke at the fire scene. When we were at the scene of the fire, the visibility was very low. Even in the room where you lived for a long time, we couldn't figure out the location of the windows and doors. In this case, it is even more important to keep calm and not panic.
If you are trapped in a fire, you should use all available conditions around you to escape. You can use fire elevators and indoor stairs to escape. Ordinary elevators must not be used, because ordinary elevators are easy to cut off power, have no smoke prevention effect, and are likely to be stuck in the air in case of fire. At the same time, you can also use the water pipe on the outer wall of the building to escape.
After the fire, there will be smoke coming out. Stop immediately in case of heavy smoke. Never try to get out of the fireworks and crawl low in the smoke. Due to the rising of hot air, there will be a lot of smoke floating from the upper floor, so there should be air below 30 cm from the ground, so try to crawl in the smoke and keep your head close to the ground as much as possible.
Escape in the smoke, if the human body is not properly protected, it is easy to inhale the smoke into the human body, leading to fainting or suffocation, and at the same time, the eyes will be unable to open due to the stimulation of the smoke, resulting in stinging. At this time, transparent plastic bags can be used, regardless of size. Large plastic bags can cover the whole head and provide enough air for escape. If there is no big plastic bag, a small plastic bag can also cover the head, but it can also cover the nose and mouth to provide air for escape. When using plastic bags, be sure to open them completely, but don't blow them off with your mouth, because the gas blown in is carbon dioxide, which is counterproductive.
If you hear an alarm at night, you should first touch the door with the back of your hand to see if the door is getting hot. If it is hot, you can't open the door, or smoke and fire will rush into the bedroom. If the door is not hot, the fire may not be big, and it is possible to escape from the room through normal channels. Be sure to close the door after leaving the room to prevent the fire from spreading.
Fire escape method
1. Be familiar with the environment and memorize the exit.
When you are in a strange environment, for your own safety, you must pay attention to evacuation routes, safety exits and stairs, so as to escape from the scene as soon as possible at a critical time. Please remember: feel at ease, be prepared for danger in times of peace, and reserve a passage for yourself.
2. The exit of the passage is unobstructed.
Stairs, passages, exits, etc. It is the most important escape route in case of fire. They should be kept clear, and sundries should not be piled up or locked, so as to pass safely and quickly in an emergency. Please remember: if you kill yourself, you will die.
3. Put out small fires for the benefit of others.
In case of fire, if it is found that the fire is not serious and poses no great threat to man-made, and there are enough fire extinguishing equipment around, such as fire extinguishers and fire hydrants, we should try our best to control and extinguish the small fire; Don't make a hullabaloo about in panic, run around, and a small fire is left unattended, which will lead to great disaster. Please remember: race against time to put it out? Initial fire? .
4. Stay calm, get a clear direction and evacuate quickly.
In case of sudden fire, in the face of smoke and fire, we should first force ourselves to remain calm, quickly judge the dangerous place and safe place, decide the escape mode and evacuate the dangerous place as soon as possible. Don't blindly follow people, crowd each other and rush about. When evacuating, you should pay attention to running to a bright or open place outdoors and try to run below the floor. If the passage has been blocked by fireworks, you should leave with your back to the direction of fireworks and escape to the outside through balconies, transoms, roofs, etc. Please remember: only when people are calm can they come up with a good solution.
5. Don't take risks, don't be greedy for property.
If you are in danger, you should evacuate as soon as possible. Don't waste your escape time looking for and moving valuables because you are shy or worried about them. People who have fled the danger must not return to the danger zone and be trapped. Please remember: if you stay in the green hills, you are not afraid of running out of firewood.
6. Simple protection, crawling with your nose.
When you escape through a route full of smoke, you should prevent smoke poisoning and suffocation. In order to prevent the smoke from choking in the fire, you can cover your nose with a towel and a mask and climb away. Smoke is lighter than air and floats in the upper part. Evacuation near the ground is the best way to avoid inhaling smoke and filter out toxic gases. Wear protective equipment such as gas mask, helmet, flame retardant and heat insulation clothing when crossing the fireworks blockade area. If you don't have these protective equipment, you can pour cold water on your head and body or wrap your head and body with wet towels, wet quilts and wet blankets before rushing out. Please remember: it is better to have more protective tools in your hand than to be unarmed.
7. Make good use of the passage and don't enter the elevator.
Buildings designed and built according to codes and standards will have more than two escape stairs, passages or safety exits. In case of fire, you should choose to enter the relatively safe stairwell according to the situation. In addition to using stairs, you can also use the balcony, windowsill and roof of the building to climb to a safe place around, and slide down the stairs along the protrusions in the building structure such as downpipes and lightning wires to escape from danger. In high-rise buildings, once a fire breaks out, the power supply system of the elevator will be cut off at any time, or people will be trapped in the elevator because of the thermal deformation of the elevator. At the same time, because the elevator shaft is like a through chimney, toxic smoke directly threatens the lives of trapped people. Please remember: it is extremely dangerous to take the elevator when you escape.
8. Slowly descend to escape and slide the rope to save yourself.
High-rise and multi-storey public buildings are generally equipped with high-altitude descent devices or lifeline, through which people can safely leave dangerous floors. Without these special facilities, and the safe passage has been blocked, rescuers can't arrive in time, so they can use ropes or sheets, curtains, clothes, etc. quickly. Make a simple lifeline by your side, wet it with water, and then slowly slide along the rope from the windowsill or balcony to the lower floor or ground; Escape safely. Please remember: be bold and cautious, and the lifeline is in sight.
9. Shelter, insist on waiting for rescue.
If you feel hot when you touch the door with your hand, once you open the door; Flame and smoke are destined to face each other. The escape route was cut off and there was no rescue for a short time. At this time, we can take measures to create shelters and stick to those who are waiting for help. First of all, you should close the doors and windows facing the fire, open the doors and windows facing the fire, block the doors with a wet towel or cover the doors and windows with a quilt soaked in water, and then constantly spray the room with water to prevent fireworks from infiltrating and sticking to the room until rescuers arrive. Please remember: Why is Strong Shield afraid of sharp spears?
10. Slow down and throw lightly, and ask for help.
People trapped by fireworks who can't escape temporarily should try to stay in balconies, windows and other places that are easy to be found and can avoid close contact with fireworks. During the day, you can throw bright clothes out of the window or throw light and dazzling things outside; At night, you can use a flashlight to keep flashing or knocking on things in the window, and send out an effective distress signal in time to attract the attention of rescuers. Please remember: only by fully exposing yourself can we strive to save ourselves effectively.
1 1. The fire has burned you. Don't run.
If people in the fire find themselves on fire, they must not run away or beat with their hands. When the clothes on your body are on fire, you should try to take off your clothes or roll on the spot to suppress the flame; It is more effective to jump into the water in time or have someone water it and spray fire extinguishing agent on your body. Please remember: it's embarrassing to roll on the spot, but fire can be avoided.
12. Jumping off a building is skillful, although it is harmful to survival.
Jumping to escape is also an escape method, but it should be noted that only when firefighters prepare life-saving air cushions and jump directly, or when the floor is not high (generally below 4 floors), they will be burned to death. You should also talk about skills when jumping off a building. When jumping off a building, try to jump into the middle of the life-saving air cushion or choose the direction of pool, hood and grass. If possible, try to hold some soft objects such as quilts and sofa cushions tightly or open a big umbrella to jump down to slow down the impact. If you jump off a building with your bare hands, you must scrape the windowsill or balcony, let your body droop naturally and try to reduce the vertical distance. Before landing, put your head in your hands and bend your body into a ball to reduce injuries. Please remember: jumping off a building is not suicide, the key is to have a way.
13. If you are in danger, don't forget to save others.
Anyone who finds the fire should call as soon as possible? 1 19? Call for help and report the fire to the fire brigade in time. Children, the elderly, the weak, the sick and the disabled in the fire have no or have lost the ability to save themselves. Others present should actively help them get out of danger as soon as possible.
Fire related items:
1. How to escape in case of fire?
What should I do if a fire comes?
3. Fire escape method
4. What are the hidden dangers of family fires and how to prevent them?
5. College students' fire safety knowledge