When writing scientific papers, the design of the beginning and the end is very important, because they are the first contact and the last impression of readers. Here are some suggestions for designing a proper beginning and ending:

At the beginning:

1. fascinating: at the beginning, you should attract readers' attention and make them want to continue reading. This can be achieved by asking an interesting question, sharing a surprising fact or quoting a related study.

2. Clarify the theme: At the beginning, you should clearly state your research theme and objectives. This will help readers understand the importance and relevance of your research.

3. Provide background information: You should provide enough background information to let readers know your research background and context. This includes the current situation of your research field, existing problems and how your research fills these gaps.

Finally:

1. Summarize the research: At the end, you should summarize your research results and findings. This will help readers understand the main contribution of your research.

2. Discuss the impact: You should discuss the impact of your research on related fields and their potential applications.

3. Propose future research directions: You can propose some future research directions, which will show your in-depth understanding and forward-looking thinking in the research field.

4. Conclusion: In the conclusion, you can thank those who helped you in your research, or express your expectation for future research.

Generally speaking, a good scientific and technological paper should attract readers' attention at the beginning, clarify the theme and background, summarize the research at the end, discuss the influence, put forward the future research direction, and end with a strong conclusion.