The key to writing an argumentative essay is to determine the central argument. The central argument should be accurate, profound and novel, and it is best to see what people have never seen or done. So how can we achieve this goal? Only by comparison can we tell. When writing an argumentative essay, we must avoid writing as soon as we think of an argument. Huang Zongxi, a native of the Qing Dynasty, said: "The first argument that comes to mind is often thought by ordinary people, and it is easy to become a cliche"; "Every question must have a written end wrapped in mediocre ideas." In other words, to write an argumentative essay, we must consider it extensively and deeply, list arguments from multiple angles, and then choose the best argument to write through analysis and comparison. So, how should we open our minds and make a multi-angle argument? First, the same material can be demonstrated from different discussion objects. The same material often has many objects for argument. For example, the following materials: According to Huaibei Daily, Zou, the wife of Zhang Jizhong, vice mayor of Huaibei Municipal Committee, is a street sweeper. For three years, he cleaned the street he was in charge of on time every morning. Many people advised him not to transfer the old people when they have the right. Others advised Zhang Jizhong, "If you think the conditions are poor, transfer your wife to me. It's better than the wind and the sun. " For these persuasion and discussion, Mr. and Mrs. Zhang Jizhong laughed it off and declined politely. Zou was rated as an advanced worker in the Municipal Environmental Sanitation Department because of her diligence and ability. The people in the courtyard of the Municipal Party Committee gave her the reputation of "a good wife" and wrote an argumentative essay based on this material, with many objects to discuss. You can talk about Zhang Jizhong, Zou and those who flatter you. In addition, if you want to write Random Thoughts on Reading, the object of discussion can be Mr. Nan Guo or Qi Xuanwang. Two. For the same object, we can demonstrate it from different directions. After determining the object of discussion, the next step is to determine the direction of discussion, which is roughly four: 1 and positive. Argumentation from the direct direction that raw materials tell us is called positive argument. Positive argument has two characteristics. First, the raw materials are beneficial to the object of discussion and the arguments are also beneficial. Raw materials are derogatory to the object of discussion, and the arguments are also derogatory. Second, strive for a positive argument, only express opinions on the raw materials themselves, and don't infer and extend the raw materials and associate them outside the materials. For example, if the object of discussion is Zhang Jizhong, and the raw materials are respected by Zhang Jizhong, then the argument should also be respected. The positive statement can be "Zhang Jizhong is not selfish and does not abuse power for personal gain, which is worth learning from all leading cadres." 2. Level. Linking raw materials and other contents other than materials through association is called horizontal argument. The content outside the material can be similar to that of the raw material, or vice versa. For example, Zhang Jizhong does not abuse power for personal gain. We associate it with some party member who abuse power for personal gain. The argument is not limited to praising Zhang Jizhong, but that "leading cadres can only be respected and praised by the party and the people if they do not abuse power for personal gain". Another example is the 1990 college entrance examination question, which asks the latter child to express his opinion on the statement that "there is no good here, but there are thorns under the flowers". If we only make a positive argument, we can only talk about the relationship between flowers and thorns. This is far from enough for this material. This material is inseparable from lateral thinking: this child only sees the thorns under the flowers, but can't see the flowers on the thorns, so he rashly judges that the place is not good, and his thinking method is really one-sided. This reminds us that many people who are more mature than children often make similar mistakes, so we can advocate looking at the problem comprehensively, not just one aspect of the problem, but also other aspects. It can be seen that the process of horizontal argument is actually a thinking process from this to that, from outside to inside, from part to whole, from appearance to essence. This process can help us to observe things comprehensively and profoundly, thus making the argument unique and novel. 3. Vertical. On the basis of knowing the content of raw materials, the form of reasonable derivation of raw materials and conclusion is called longitudinal argument. Let's look at the following materials first: Xue Tan studied with Qin Qing, but he didn't have a poor skill, so he said that he had exhausted and resigned. Qu, who stopped in the suburbs, caressed the elegy and trembled the treetops, which was very sonorous. Xue Tan apologized and never dared to speak for life. To express our views on this material, as far as the object of discussion is concerned, we can discuss both Qin Qing and Xue Tan. If we want to think about "Xue Tan never dared to go home" vertically, then there are at least the following two statements: (1) Xue Tan never dared to go home, and finally learned the skill of "sonorous pole". The argument is: you can't stop learning. (2) Xue Tan did not dare to reply in his life, and only ranked second in Qin Qing. Argument: Only by investing in famous teachers and absorbing the strengths of many schools can shine on you be better than Blue. We can also make reasonable inferences and extensions about Zhang Jizhong. If Zhang Jizhong abuses power for personal gain and arranges an ideal job for his wife, not only will Mr. and Mrs. Zhang Jizhong not be highly praised by the society, but the party's image will also be damaged. Argument: Leading cadres abuse power for personal gain is a corrosive agent of the party's cause. 4. Reverse. Thinking in the opposite direction of raw materials and putting forward opinions from the opposite angle is called reverse argument. In view of the general view that "teaching people can't teach axes", some people argue in turn "why not teach people with axes"; In view of the view that people generally think that "shoot the first bird with a gun", some people argue in turn that "fly high and be the first bird!" . These all give people a refreshing feeling. Whether you can think in reverse depends on the material. If the theory of reverse thinking is good, it can often be amazing. Three, for the same discussion direction, we can start from different discussion surfaces. A tree will have many side branches in the same direction, and different discussion surfaces can be found in the same discussion direction. When talking about vertical argument, I listed two different arguments, namely, "Xue Tan learned not to answer words all his life", which are actually two different aspects of vertical argument. For another example, from the basic point of "Zhang Jizhong does not seek personal gain", we can find the following arguments from different aspects: (1) Leading cadres must set an example for the masses, do not engage in malpractices for personal gain, and do not abuse power for personal gain. (2) Leading cadres at all levels can be strict with themselves, which is an important guarantee for the prosperity of our party. Argumentation has three aspects, four directions and many aspects. Through this method, we can open our minds, find many arguments of a material, provide opportunities for comparison and selection for establishing the best arguments, and take a key step in writing argumentative papers.