Chinese writing structure in middle schools mainly includes classical poetry writing structure and composition writing structure.
1. Appreciation of Prose Structure of Classical Poetry The answer mode is generally to answer the prose structure and characteristics with concise words first, and then make some analysis from the content and form in combination with the content of poetry.
2. The composition structure is bad: first, it must be "structurally complete" and not "incomplete and broken"; Second, we should be "clear-cut", and we should not be vague in thinking and upset in paragraph arrangement. In addition to the integrity, smoothness and clarity of the structure, such as echoing from beginning to end, paving the way, connecting the preceding with the following, it should also have structural mode characteristics: divided structure, hierarchical structure, contrast structure, fracture structure, cross-section structure, beaded structure, dialogue structure, sublimation structure, sequence structure and sequence structure.
2. What are the advantages of writing a composition with a total score structure? Total: it is the central meaning. The meaning you want to express.
Sub: Hierarchical narrative is generally a structural way to express the relationship between general narrative and sub-narrative.
Total score is always a structured way to analyze articles during reading and writing. Put forward the argument at the beginning (straight to the point), several sub-arguments in the middle, and a general argument at the end (or reiterate the argument or summarize the quotation). Several sub-arguments can be parallel, hierarchical and comparative. , but they cannot be inclusive or cross-related.
Total score is always a common structure in argumentative writing, which has several variants, such as total score, sub-total score and sub-total score.
General introduction
The first is a short beginning, or the cause of what is described below, or a general statement of what is described below, which is generally expressed in general language. Then there is the argument. There are two versions. One is the juxtaposition argument, which juxtaposes with each other without obvious traces of time, such as several different sides of a person, several aspects of one thing and several different things under the same center. The second is coherent argument, and there is obvious time lapse between the two, such as different stages of things' development, different things for several days in a row and so on. No matter which form it is, it is composed of fragments, short and pithy, independent of each other and subject to the same main line. Between several fragments of a sub-sentence, it can be expressed by subtitles, displayed by spaces, or like ordinary fragments, but it has obvious jumping. The end of the article is also a general statement, which can be an echo of the opening or a summary conclusion. The total score method exists not only in the relationship between sentences but also in the relationship between paragraphs. The total score method has three basic forms. Let's first look at a passage in Flying a Kite (five volumes): There are more and more kites in the sky, which is very lively. The golden "little bee" erected two green wings, as if flying around among the flowers. Bright red "big goldfish", wagging its tail, seems to swim in the water. There is also the exquisite "small satellite", shining with golden light, as if flying in the universe ... The first sentence of this passage generally says "there are more and more kites", which is very lively, and then the second, third and fourth sentences specifically write three kinds of kite-flying scenes, which obviously constitutes the relationship between the first and second. There is also a passage like this: "The meat of squirrels can be eaten, the hair on their tails can be used to make brushes, and the skin can be used to make clothes." The squirrel is really a lovely and useful little animal. " Is the relationship between the first points and the total. Another way is to summarize first, then divide and then summarize, such as the last section of the sun.
classify
The total score structure can be divided into three types: parallel, comparative and progressive. (Take strong as an example) A juxtaposition: There are four kinds: (1) Strong is **(2) Strong can be **(3) We are strong because **(4) Strong requires ** B contrast: positive first, then negative. First of all, talk about the advantages of being strong, then spend time in the middle (however ...), then talk about the disadvantages of not being strong, and finally sum up the C-level advanced (more flattering, have something to write, and appear more profound in thought): What is strong-why do you want to be strong-what do you want to do if you want to be strong-what does it mean to real life?
3. The role of paragraph content and structure in the article The role of paragraphs in the article:
1, make the finishing point, point out the significance of the event and point out the center;
2. Deepen the center of the article and express the author's feelings or emotions;
3. Write down the character's quality, spirit or personality;
4. The words are full of profound meaning, leaving room for imagination and enhancing appeal;
5. Arouse readers' attention and thinking.
The role of structure in the article: the beginning: the opening point, setting suspense, causing the following, guiding the full text and paving the way for the next * * *. Middle: connecting the preceding with the following, taking care of the beginning, paving the way, burying the pen, and comparing the ending: taking care of the topic, echoing from beginning to end, making the article structure more rigorous and complete, taking care of the previous one and leading the full text.
Structure refers to the collocation and arrangement of various components of the article, that is, the layout of the article, which is the framework of the article.
1. The function of the opening paragraph: to render the atmosphere, lay the emotional tone, lay the groundwork for the following, set suspense for the next * *, arouse readers' interest and thinking, start with the topic, lead to the full text, and reveal the theme by comparing with the following.
2. The function of the middle paragraph: echo before and after, connect the preceding with the following, summarize the preceding, lead to the following, promote the development of the plot, pave the way for the following and supplement the explanation.
3. The role of the last paragraph: take care of the beginning, take care of the previous article, point out the topic at the end of the article, point out the center, sublimate the theme, and be meaningful and thought-provoking.
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A common formulation is: "In short, the structure is the internal organizational structure of the article." This "definition" seems to be taken for granted, but in fact it violates logic. Because the logical definition formula is "species difference+adjacent genus", and the central words "organization" and "construction" of this definition are not "structure" and "adjacent genus", but just synonyms of "structure". We can't know what "structure" is more than "structure", so this definition is equivalent to saying that "structure is the internal structure of an article". Unfortunately, this definition has been used by some works.
Some books don't say what structure is in the chapter of "structure", but point out that "structure is the skeleton of the article", which seems to be the definition of "structure". Skeleton does vividly express the characteristics and functions of structure, but it is only a metaphor and can never be defined, because metaphor can never directly reveal the class and unique essential attributes of objects.
Another definition is the concept of "stealing". Speaking of "structure", the book begins by saying: "structure is the weaving and arrangement of all the contents of an article." The author wants to define "structure" (n, one of the elements of the article), but it is the definition of "structure" (v, that is, arrangement structure).
It is true that "structure" has two parts of speech, nouns and verbs, and is a multi-category word. However, in writing, we should separate "structure" (n) from "structure" (v), and replace "structure" with "arrangement structure" or "layout strategy" to avoid terminology confusion. If the author says that the above definition was originally intended to define "structure" (V) and discuss the method of "structure" (V, meaning "connection and combination") in order to approach the purpose of guiding writing practice, then another problem arises, that is, when discussing the other three elements (theme, material and language), general works use nominal terms.
Using its verb meaning only when discussing "structure" will not lead to the disunity of the book itself? According to this statement, in order to achieve the unity of the system itself, the theme should be changed to "conception", the materials should be changed to "selection of materials" and the language should be changed to "wording and sentence making". But this is actually not the four elements of the article, but the four links of the composition. Obviously, this is not the author's intention. So the above definition is the concept of "stealing".
A better definition is: "Structure is the way to organize articles." "Mode" is the superordinate concept of "structure", which reveals that "structure" belongs to the category of "form" and touches its essence. But this definition is missing. Structure is not only the organization of materials, but also the connection between materials and themes. For example, the structure of argumentative essays is equivalent to the way of argumentative essays to a great extent, and the way of argumentative essays is the contact between argumentative essays. It can't be said that the structure of argumentative paper is only the connection between arguments.
Of course, the structure of argumentative writing also includes this layer, but the more important connotation of argumentative writing structure is the connection between arguments. Therefore, to arrange the idea of "structure" of an article, we should not only consider the relationship and connection between arguments, but also consider the relationship and connection between all arguments and the central argument, which is the overall problem that "layout" should first solve. Therefore, the strict definition of "structure" should be:
Structure is the way in which materials, themes and materials are interrelated in an article.
Or:
Structure is the arrangement and organizational form of the whole content (theme and material) of the article.
Or more abstractly:
Structure is the way or form in which the internal components of an article are connected with each other.
4. The structural function of subtitle composition is to summarize the following paragraph, which plays the role of finishing touch. By using subheadings, many materials can be easily organized in categories, and materials and themes can be displayed from many aspects or angles to make the writing clear; It can attract readers, let readers have a general understanding of the main content of the article before reading the full text, understand the content and writing intention of the article faster and more accurately during reading, and leave a deeper impression after reading the full text.
Subtitles also have the function of outlining and analyzing, which can reduce the extravagance of some transitional words and thus highlight the key points. In addition, they can make articles dense, neat and pleasing to the eye, show the author's humanistic quality and attract the attention of reviewers. Subtitles must be theme-oriented and reflect topics everywhere, so that the whole article can reflect the center in a concentrated and concrete way. For example, an article entitled "Motherly love"
Subtitles are arranged in structural forms, including parallel, continuous and progressive; According to the narrative content, there are time, people, events, etc. The arrangement of all kinds of subtitles should be flexible, such as arranging the subtitles of characters, using the personality characteristics of characters as subtitles, using the appearance characteristics of characters as subtitles, and using the typical language of characters in the text as subtitles. The use of subtitles has become a beautiful landscape in recent years, but even the best subtitles are just a beautiful coat, just a form, and it is more important to see the essence of the article.