The construction organization design of the construction project is a comprehensive and practical campaign plan of the project construction, and it is a favorable guarantee for achieving high quality, high efficiency and low consumption to complete the task. In this paper, the optimization of construction organization design scheme is analyzed in detail from nine aspects, and the problems that should be paid attention to in design scheme are studied.
Construction projects; Construction organization design; plan
1 overview
The compilation of construction organization design should not only conform to the objective reality, but also meet the requirements of scientificity and advancement. So there are often several schemes that need to be determined by comparison. Each of its contents is closely related to the economic benefits of enterprises and can effectively reflect the expected economic effects of enterprises.
As engineers and technicians, well-prepared construction organization design and scheme can correctly guide normal construction. The key requirements of construction organization design and scheme are clear in level and rigorous and comprehensive in content; Enlightening; Targeted; It has operability; Seriously and meet the requirements of the specification.
2 construction project construction organization design scheme optimization countermeasures
Engineers and technicians should optimize the construction organization design and scheme mainly from the following aspects.
2. 1 Highlight the concept, with clear hierarchy and accurate content.
If the construction organization design is a strategic deployment, then the plan is a campaign plan. The scheme in the construction organization design must be instructive, targeted and operable, strictly conform to the requirements of the specification, and be carefully implemented, and it is not allowed to be implemented casually. Construction organization design and scheme should mainly include compilation basis, general situation of the project, construction deployment, main construction methods, decision-making construction methods, technical quality assurance measures, etc.
2.2 to prevent the plagiarism and filling of the construction organization design and scheme.
Some construction projects started to prepare the construction organization design when the project was almost completed, some were copied according to the technical standards, and some were copied according to the previous organization design. Asked why, the answer is that this information must be filed after completion. The construction organization design has no influence on the project.
2.3 The construction organization design and scheme shall conform to the specifications.
For example, the construction organization design of a project shows that the thickness of layered concrete pouring is 65438+ 0.25 times of the length of vibrator, but what is the effective vibration length at the construction site? Ask the construction organization designers, they haven't measured it, and even the construction organization designers don't know. Such a construction organization design does not really understand and implement the norms. For example, mass concrete is poured in layers at a construction site, and the number of layers is 40cm in the construction organization design. Ask the technicians for disclosure of 50cm, and ask the constructors for 60 cm~80 cm, but the site is under construction with a floor 100 cm, which is a serious violation of the specifications. Such schemes and publicity are like waste paper, which is neither implemented nor checked. It is not serious, and the disclosure does not meet the requirements of the specification.
2.4 The design scheme should be targeted.
Some design schemes simply don't consider the engineering practice, such as pouring mass concrete on the big bottom plate. Many organizational designs are treated as ordinary concrete, and the special quality requirements of mass concrete are not considered at all. There is no general disclosure for the characteristics of this project. When drawing up the scheme, quality assurance measures should be put forward according to the specific situation to ensure that mass concrete does not produce temperature cracks. If you choose any cement to reduce the early hydration heat, whether to add fly ash or retarder; For example, how to ensure the export temperature of commercial concrete as low as possible; Do you want some ice? Do you want to match warm tendons? Construction organization design must aim at specific problems, be specific and targeted.
2.5 The scheme should be instructive.
This is a common problem in construction organization design. For example, an engineering organization design requires temperature measurement in winter, but it is not clear how to analyze it after temperature measurement. Although there are temperature measurement records in the technical data, the construction personnel only record the results without looking at them. After 8 hours, the temperature has dropped to zero, and the concrete is not mixed with early-strength antifreeze. But no one found that, let alone put forward immediate measures to keep warm or warm, the temperature measurement record also lost its meaning.
2.6 The scheme should be operable.
For example, when pouring concrete in layers, in order to control the layer thickness, you must prepare the thickness ruler and lighting for the workers, otherwise the workers can't achieve your required goal without tools. Another example is to brush the release agent of the big template. It is not enough to just tell the workers to clean up. In addition to preparing brushes, release agents and buckets, workers should also consider preparing a flat shovel and a dry mop, so that workers can shovel off the cement they touched last time, mop it up with a dry mop, and finally brush the release agent. Considering these details for workers reflects an operational problem.
2.7 The content should be comprehensive, detailed and accurate.
For example, the scheme is made into a schematic diagram, lacking details; The construction organization design lacks consideration of season and climate; Lack of detailed consideration of basic precipitation; Lack of consideration of concrete pumping scheme (such as the route of pump pipe, how to fix it, whether the arrangement of placing boom can be poured to every part, etc.). ); Lack of civilized security considerations; Lack of special requirements to be considered; Lack of progress summary table (some even have schematic table); Lack of consideration on how to cooperate with supervisors and subcontractors in management; Lack of consideration of energy saving and main economic and technical indicators. These are to be considered, but also easy to be ignored, which has a great guiding role in construction and should be carefully considered.
2.8 there is a catalogue, a compilation, and an examination and approval, and the examination and approval should be serious.
At present, domestic construction enterprises are also carrying out ISO9000 quality system certification, and the construction organization design has no catalogue, no compilation, no approval and no icon, which is seriously inconsistent with ISO9000 standard. Some certified units should not be like this. Others are not carefully examined and approved. There are many obvious mistakes that violate the norms in compilation. As long as they approved the word "agree", they approved it on the same day. I wonder if there are any thick books.
2.9 The plan should be comprehensive.
For example, in a super high-rise building, the vertical deviation of the same point measurement at different times of the day may reach 4 cm~5cm due to different sunlight angles, which requires that fixed-point measurement should be considered when formulating the measurement scheme. The schemes to be inspected in the construction organization design include: dewatering, slope protection (wall) anchor rod, excavation, reinforcement, formwork, concrete, (including mass concrete and impervious concrete) hoisting, masonry, underground waterproofing, backfilling, roof, doors and windows, decoration, ground, seasonal construction, site prefabrication, prestress, equipment installation, equipment trial operation, cross operation of various types of work, etc. In the construction organization design, it is required to comprehensively consider and arrange various schemes in order to better guide the construction.
3 Conclusion
In the construction of building engineering, the compilation of construction organization design is an extremely important and indispensable work, which is related to the solution and implementation of a series of major problems such as the overall layout of construction, construction progress, construction methods, the use of construction machinery, labor organization arrangement, site layout and so on. It can be said that construction organization design is not only the central link of construction preparation and technology, but also an important measure to implement the national construction guidelines and policies to guide construction.
Practice has proved that the construction organization design is a comprehensive and practical project construction activity plan, which is a favorable guarantee to achieve high quality, high efficiency and low consumption.
References:
[1] Jiang Hongyan, oriole. Civil engineering construction organization [M]. Beijing: Metallurgical Industry Press, 2009.
[2] Du Ruili, Xu Rong. Compilation of bid construction organization design based on comprehensive bid evaluation method [J]. Architectural Technology, 2009,38 (6): 298-301.
[3] Yu Chao. Compilation of green construction technical measures in construction organization design [J]. Architectural Technology, 2009,40 (2):124-127.