Theory and method of graduation thesis writing
First, the importance of theoretical preparation before graduation thesis writing
First of all, theoretical preparation before graduation thesis writing is the basis of graduation thesis writing. If you choose the topic of your graduation thesis, you must make theoretical preparations, otherwise you will get lost in the process of accumulating information and forming arguments and arguments. Take the article "Thoughts on Developing and Perfecting the Construction Market" as an example. Once the topic is determined, theoretical preparation must be carried out. What is the market? What is the construction market? What is the position and function of the construction market? What are the conditions and foundations for developing and perfecting the construction market? By analogy, we should first give a theoretical answer, then collect information according to theoretical ideas, and then form arguments and arguments. Some people think that this practice violates the practice of "drawing a conclusion after investigation and study". In fact, students generally choose the fields they are familiar with and have considerable emotional contact with. This is an important step in graduation thesis writing. Only in this way can the correctness of this rational understanding be verified in the later investigation and data collection.
Secondly, theoretical preparation before graduation thesis writing is a guide to accumulate information. What materials should be accumulated in graduation thesis writing? This is the biggest problem that most students who have no graduation thesis writing experience encounter. There are many students who blindly collect information there, but once they want to use the information, they find that the existing information is useless, so they quickly collect the information they want to use, but time is not allowed. The problem is that information collection without rational understanding is just blind collection. For example, there is a paper entitled "On Improving Workers' Quality". Because the author's understanding of workers' quality has not risen to a rational level, the author only collected the information about workers' physical quality, cultural and scientific quality that people contacted most and paid most attention to, but did not collect the information about workers' ideological and moral quality in depth, which led to one-sidedness in the collection process.
Finally, theoretical preparation before graduation thesis writing is a necessary condition to form arguments and arguments. Determining the topic only establishes the central argument, but also needs to put forward corresponding subordinate arguments to expand the central argument. Therefore, we must have rich theoretical knowledge, including political, economic, social and even natural science knowledge, otherwise we can only write the article as a factual work report, such as the author of the graduation thesis "Several Issues on the Relationship between Urban Renewal and Landscaping". Because there is no theoretical analysis of the relationship between the two, we have not deeply realized that the relationship between the two is essentially a major issue of how to coordinate population, economy, society and environment and how to make the whole society sustainable. As a result, although I have a lot of first-hand information, I only talk about it in general terms, and it has become a report on how to do a good job in urban greening construction, which is too low.
Second, the theoretical preparation scope before graduation thesis writing
To write a graduation thesis, you must master a wide range of theoretical knowledge. Only with a wide range of knowledge and a deep foundation can we make ends meet, be handy and show great initiative. If the knowledge is narrow and thin, it will often be greatly limited in thesis writing. The paper written is either empty or full of mistakes and jokes. Therefore, we must make theoretical preparations and accumulate knowledge before writing the graduation thesis. So, what kind of theoretical knowledge must you have to write your graduation thesis?
In economics papers, we must first master Marxist political economy. Marxist political economy is "a science that studies the law of production and exchange of material means of life in human society." (Engels: "Anti-Turin Theory". Selected Works of Marx and Engels, Volume III, page 259) It points out the general law of social and economic development, and is therefore the theoretical basis of all economic disciplines. At present, it is particularly important to master the theory of socialist market economy, which is an important part of Comrade Deng Xiaoping's theory of building Socialism with Chinese characteristics, a new development of Marxist political economy in the socialist era, and a basic theory guiding socialist economic construction. Therefore, writing all kinds of economics graduation thesis must first be guided by the basic principles of Marxist political economy and socialist market economy theory, which is the most important basic theory that must be mastered in writing economics graduation thesis.
Secondly, we should master the knowledge of applied economics, including industrial economics, agricultural economics, business economics, finance, foreign trade economics, finance, enterprise management and so on. The regularity of these disciplines is much more specific than political economy, which involves not only the improvement, adjustment and reform of production relations, but also the rational allocation of productive forces. Not only the study of economic laws, but also the study of management methods have strong operability and application characteristics. Therefore, it is of more direct guiding significance to the study of real economic problems. For example, if you write a paper on improving the quality of workers, you must master population economics's knowledge. Any population economics tutorial points out that the quality of workers is actually the condition and ability for people to understand and transform the world, and the main fundamental qualities are the physical quality, ideological and moral quality and cultural and scientific quality of the population. Many textbooks also put forward some quantitative indicators to measure the quality of these three aspects. If students master these rational knowledge, they will not make the jokes mentioned above, from which we can see the importance of mastering the knowledge of applied economics.
Thirdly, to master the methodological knowledge necessary to study economic phenomena mainly refers to the basic knowledge of economic mathematics, statistics, accounting, computer application technology and other related quantitative analysis methods. Any economic phenomenon is the unity of quality and quantity. Therefore, the in-depth analysis of economic problems can not only stay on qualitative analysis, but also on quantitative analysis, otherwise, the research can only stay on the surface stage. A common problem in graduation thesis writing is that it is full of theories without empirical analysis, and if there are, it is mostly some opinions plus examples. Without sufficient conditions, case analysis is unobtrusive, because under different conditions, the same case can convey different information, and some modern quantitative analysis methods can avoid similar mistakes. Therefore, many people think that it is difficult to write a successful economics paper without mastering the basic methods of quantitative analysis.
In addition, we should master some theoretical knowledge of other disciplines related to economy. Today's era is an era of great integration of knowledge in various disciplines. It is difficult to overcome social and economic problems by relying on the knowledge of a certain subject. Only by using the comprehensive strength of many disciplines can we accomplish this task. For example, to study economic problems, we should not only have a solid economic basic theory, but also have general knowledge of natural science, especially to understand the profound influence of the development of contemporary natural science on social and economic development, because the development of productive forces cannot be separated from the application of natural science and technical science. In addition, the transformation of production relations is also restricted by various social conditions. Therefore, the author of graduation thesis should also master other social science knowledge such as politics and history.
Third, the basic methods of understanding and correctly applying the basic theory
In order to deeply understand and correctly apply the basic theory, we should pay attention to the following points:
First of all, you should understand the classic works and important articles related to the topic. The author of graduation thesis should choose classic works and important articles closely related to the topic, read them repeatedly, and think while reading until he understands and understands the theoretical problems related to the topic, and should not have a half-knowledge or one-sided understanding. In order to deepen understanding, the best way is to take reading notes, extract theoretical points and epigrams related to the topic, and write down your own reading experience when you have experience. If you are your own book, newspaper or magazine, you can criticize it, or mark the doubts and difficulties on it for further study in the future.
Secondly, to master the theory scientifically, we must be good at contact. Firstly, the objective conditions for the formation of connection theory can help us understand the content of this theory more accurately. For example, to write Reflections on Cultivating and Perfecting the Construction Labor Market, we must consider the preconditions for the formation of the market and master the general preconditions for the formation of the market, which naturally leads to the preconditions for the formation of the construction labor market: first, institutional conditions; Second, the relevant market conditions 3 Third, the special employment conditions of the industry. Second, connecting with related theories can help us to further grasp the essence of this theory. Taking the above article as an example, to reveal the objective inevitability of the emergence of the construction labor market, we should not only master the theory of socialist market economy, but also master the relevant theories such as philosophical principles. Marxist materialist dialectics holds that things are universally related, and the appearance of one thing is always the result of the action of other things. From this principle, we realize that the reason why the construction labor market came into being in contemporary China also has its inevitable preconditions, which urges us to explore and promote the construction labor force.
Finally, creative thinking must be carried out under the guidance of theory. Writing graduation thesis must be guided by theory, but theory cannot provide ready-made answers to questions. Therefore, when reading classic works and important articles, we should not only passively accept some conclusions, but also think creatively, trying to seek some inspiration from the previous knowledge to guide ourselves to explore the problems we are facing at present. We should dare to ask questions and put forward new ideas about the conclusions put forward by predecessors that are no longer suitable for the real situation. This is not "unattainable" as some people think. As long as we seriously study and think, test what we have learned from previous discussions with practice, divide into two parts, distinguish right from wrong, and queue up to study separately, we will naturally produce our own opinions and supplement those of our predecessors. When historian Zhang Yinlin was still in Tsinghua Middle School, he went to Tsinghua University to listen to Liang Qichao's lectures. After hearing this, he disagreed and wrote a rebuttal article. This article is of high quality. After it was published in the magazine, the editor thought it was written by the professor and sent the manuscript fee to Professor Tsinghua's dormitory. Liang Qichao appreciated his talent very much, so he cultivated him carefully. As a result, Zhang Yin Chang became a history professor in her twenties. What a teenage middle school student can do, why can't our college students in their twenties and adult college students in their thirties and forties do through hard work? What's more, with the continuous development of society, there are bound to be more and more problems that are not involved in the theories put forward by predecessors. We should be brave in thinking and exploring new fields.