The stock market is unstable, the development of pillar industries such as real estate and automobile manufacturing and sales has slowed down, small and medium-sized labor-intensive enterprises in the coastal areas have been seriously damaged, the export volume has declined, and migrant workers have returned.
What is revealed from this angle is the appearance of many deep-seated contradictions gradually accumulated in China in the past 30 years of reform and opening up. There are mainly the following aspects:
First of all, the anti-risk ability of China's economic structure is still insufficient. Small and medium-sized enterprises, which account for 99% of the total number of enterprises in China, have played a great role in promoting China's economic development. However, its management is too rough. Only about 1% is at the forefront of economic and social development, about 20% is in sync with economic and social development, and 79% is passive in the face of cruel reality. Even this year, due to the economic crisis and other factors, there have been frequent closures, shutdowns and even closures. In the first half of the year alone, 67,000 small and medium-sized enterprises with a certain scale closed down in China. For a time, small and medium-sized enterprises seem to have entered the "severe winter period". The main reason why it is difficult to resist the impact of the economic crisis is that the growth mode of enterprises is rough, and the rapid growth mainly depends on a large amount of labor and energy input. High energy consumption, high emissions and low efficiency not only bring great pressure to the resources and environment, but also directly affect the quality and level of enterprise development. Second, the industrial level of enterprises is low, and a large number of small and medium-sized enterprises are concentrated in some extensive labor-intensive industries with simple technology, low investment, easy imitation and easy entry, which is difficult to resist the impact brought by the economic crisis.
This brings high dependence on foreign trade of low-end products:
The existence of a high degree of trade dependence has also aggravated the unfavorable factors for China to cope with the global economic crisis.
In order to deal with this problem, it is urgent to make adjustments. It is because the small and medium-sized enterprises in China have reshuffled their cards this time. In the process of adjustment, we should follow the principles of "small but refined", "broad and relatively concentrated" and "guided by the situation" and make adjustments according to the specific conditions of various regions, provinces and cities in China. So as to reduce vicious competition in different regions of China and reduce unnecessary energy consumption and cost loss.
A more critical contradiction exposed is the problem of farmers, rural areas, agriculture and rural markets. One of the direct effects of this crisis is that a large number of migrant workers return home. In China, the number of farmers is 940 million, while the number of migrant workers is about 230 million, which is 80% of the population of the United States and nearly twice that of the Russian population. How to properly handle the problem of migrant workers will still be a task that cannot be ignored. As for the consumption potential of rural areas in China, we can't count it, because it is so huge that it can only be estimated. If no one spends 10000 RMB per year on average, the annual consumption will reach nearly 10 trillion RMB, which is 12 of China's GDP. However, it is such a big market, but China has become a country that relies heavily on foreign trade export because farmers can't play their due role, which can't help us to reflect.
To solve this problem, we must start with changing the household registration system. Because the rural areas are not developed, it is fundamentally because of the discriminatory system of household registration system. For a long time, the government thought that changing rural backwardness meant changing rural education, but as a result, rural areas were underdeveloped, and talents from rural areas became the first people to abandon rural areas. Such a vicious circle, not only people with academic qualifications are unwilling to return to the countryside, but even people with a little labor force are willing to stay in the countryside, which leads to the slow progress of rural development. Therefore, in order to develop rural areas and expand rural markets, we must change the unfairness of the image household registration system and increase investment in rural areas, especially infrastructure.
At the same time, we should establish a perfect living security system. In this crisis, a large number of migrant workers returned home. Imagine that if these migrant workers lose their land, they will become the biggest unstable factor. If there is a more influential crisis and more migrant workers return home, it may cause social instability, so we must nip in the bud.
Third, we should be more conservative in land policy. Judging from the current situation, China cannot afford the existence of a large number of farmers who have neither land nor jobs. Therefore, it is necessary to make arrangements for the retreat of migrant workers in the face of the crisis.
In addition, in foreign trade, China has to face the new protectionism in Europe and America. The specific way is to explore the international markets of countries in different regions while expanding the domestic market, focusing on exporting to Asian, African and Latin American countries. Reduce trade dependence on European and American countries.
On the other hand, we should shift from product export to capital export, technology export and manpower export. It is particularly important to export manpower, which requires the cooperation of education and diplomacy. On the one hand, it can relieve domestic employment pressure, on the other hand, it can collect foreign exchange and increase China's international influence.