Advantages and disadvantages of keeping pets +0
The problem of keeping pets in China.
Abstract: After the reform and opening up, with the improvement of people's living standards, pets have gradually entered the lives of China people. However, compared with many foreign countries, China's pet culture started late, so there are inevitably many problems. We should correctly understand these problems in order to solve them scientifically and treat our pets well.
Keywords: pet China problem
With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, more and more people begin to pay attention to the pursuit of spiritual life, and more and more pets have entered various families. According to the survey of 20 1 1, in China, every two families have tried to keep pets at least once, and there are many kinds, from ordinary cats and dogs to snakes and lizards, and some families even have more than two pets. Since the 20th century, due to the continuous improvement of people's living standards after the reform and opening up, pets have gradually become a part of many families.
1 background
In our daily life, we often encounter some special things? Friends? , such as guide dogs. These? Friends? Become an indispensable thing in some people's lives, they are pets.
What exactly is a pet? Pets generally refer to animals raised by families for enjoyment and companionship. The word "pet" appeared as early as the Western Han Dynasty. During the Western Han Dynasty, Huns liked to pet eagles and regarded them as a symbol of status and status.
Due to historical reasons, compared with other countries, China's pets really started to enter the lives of ordinary people later, regardless of species or scale. In the Qing Dynasty, Cixi loved Chihuahua very much, and even allowed only members of the royal family to keep it. After the founding of New China, around the 1970s, pets were even considered as? Capitalist? Behavior and pet culture almost disappeared in China during this period. After the reform and opening up, the people have a better economic foundation and more cultural accumulation, and more mature related supporting facilities have appeared in the market, providing the people with the necessary foundation and convenient conditions for keeping pets.
2 existing problems
Compared with before, although our people's understanding of pet culture is more mature and scientific, is it really true? Pet industry? Still in its infancy. This stage belongs to a time point of continuous exploration, discovery and revision, so many problems have also appeared, waiting for the proper solution of relevant personnel.
2. 1 The relevant policies and regulations are not perfect.
In recent months, we have often found it on the internet and in newspapers. Protect stray dogs, stray cats and stray animals? Appeal. For a city with a population of10 million, thousands of stray animals wander around the city day and night every day. In order to improve the appearance of the city, some cities have formulated policies to catch stray animals, but they have not managed or raised them according to reasonable policies. Because of economic reasons, stray animals are often not treated kindly in shelters, and there are not many citizens who really come to shelters to adopt animals. Because of this, pet shelters in many cities can't operate. At present, the well-known shelters in China are all private, relying on donations from non-governmental organizations or individuals, and it is difficult to operate.
2.2 lead to the increase and spread of infectious diseases
Compared with the relatively perfect disease detection system of human beings, the disease control and research of pets is still a very basic problem. Although the medical level of today's society has reached a highly developed level, taking rabies as an example, hundreds of people still die every year in China. At the same time, pets may carry some parasites, and some parasites are a great threat to human beings. For pets such as birds, it has even become the focus of attention during the bird flu period.
2.3 Impact on the surrounding environment
The Brazilian tortoise, which swept the country ten years ago, was introduced by some domestic animal dealers because of its convenient breeding, simple breeding and strong vitality. Since then, you can see it almost everywhere in Chinese mainland. Because it has no natural enemies, its vitality is extremely strong, which has almost caused immeasurable devastating blows to some ecological environments. This problem is caused by people's poor management of pets. Many people ignore their influence on the environment while keeping pets, such as letting pets defecate everywhere, which also increases the burden on society.
2.4 The pet industry is not popular enough and the cost is high.
According to statistics, in some big cities in China, there is only one regular pet hospital per square kilometer on average. For some small cities, there are almost no formal and reliable pet hospitals. Due to the lack of production means and talents in the industry, not only is it expensive for pets to go to hospital for treatment, but some pet products are also very expensive. There are many reasons, but the most important one is the domestic pet market. Drink too much porridge? For example, what are consumers interested in? Daily care to treat pets? This is an inevitable situation. However, due to the small market competition, the lack of relevant means of production and the lack of systematic and scientific pricing measures and subsidies by the government, the cost of keeping pets is high.
2.5 breeders lack a sense of responsibility
In the news in recent years, we often find incidents of dog and cat abuse, accompanied by a series of condemnation. After the condemnation, similar incidents continued to occur and went back and forth. Most breeders just treat their pets as? Pets can only be angry when necessary, which also leads to abuse. Compared with China, most foreign families regard pets as a member of the family, giving them the necessary respect and enough care. And in China, without mercy, many people regard pets as? Slave? One of them can be beaten or even discarded.
3 abstract
At present, due to the improvement of education level, the pet culture in China will continue to develop scientifically and fully, but there are still some problems in the pet industry due to its late start. We should correctly understand these problems and adopt scientific methods to solve them. How to solve the shortage of pet resources is the key to solve the pet problem. A scientifically developed nation should not only scientifically improve people's living standards, but also care about pets' living standards, because they are our friends.
refer to
[1] Zhao Xiaojing, Han Ruochan. Present situation and countermeasures of urban pet breeding. June 2000. 38866 . 68868688686
[2] China Municipal Committee of the People's Political Consultative Conference. It is suggested that the regulations on pet keeping should be promulgated as soon as possible. June 5438, 2007+10 month.
Advantages and disadvantages of pet paper II
Investigation and study on pet breeding and disease prevention
This paper briefly discusses the present situation of pet breeding in China, the market management system, the harmfulness of pet diseases and the importance of prevention, and puts forward some corresponding countermeasures for the problems existing in pet breeding.
Keywords: pet feeding management system disease prevention countermeasures
With the improvement of living standards, China's pet market is growing, and all kinds of pets need different physiological environments. People's cognitive limitations on pets have brought great pressure to pet breeding, and the outbreak of pet diseases has brought great potential threats, so disease prevention is particularly important.
1 current situation of pet feeding management
Nowadays, the growing pet market in China has become a diversified industry, including pet breeding, pet trading, pet food, pet supplies, pet disease prevention, pet grooming, pet training and so on. At present, there are at least 654.38 billion domestic pets in China. However, pet injury, pet feces pollution, pet nuisance, pet abuse, pet protection, zoonosis and other issues have aroused more and more strong repercussions in society [2]. It can be seen that the research on pet feeding management in China is far behind the pace of the current feeding situation, especially in the legal regulation of pet feeding management, there is no international and standardized platform to support it. On the contrary, the field of medical prevention and treatment of pet diseases in China is relatively weak, which makes pet deaths and infectious diseases common.
2 pet diseases
2. 1 classification of pet diseases
Pet diseases can be roughly divided into infectious diseases, parasitic diseases, internal medicine diseases, surgical diseases, obstetric diseases, nutritional and metabolic diseases, skin diseases and toxic diseases. Among them, people and animals suffer from dozens of infectious and parasitic diseases, such as those caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis? Tuberculosis? Caused by Bacillus anthracis? Anthrax? Foot-and-mouth disease virus? Foot and mouth disease? Wait a minute.
2.2 Overview of common pet diseases
2.2. 1 Toxoplasma gondii
A parasite that lives on cats and dogs and cannot mature after invading the human body. Its larvae move in human skin and organs, which can cause a series of tissue damage, and the course of disease can be as long as six months to several years. The most serious thing is that it will cause miscarriage, stillbirth and even congenital malformation of the fetus.
rabies
Also known as rabies, it is an acute infectious disease of the central nervous system caused by rabies virus. The most common route of transmission of rabies is bite. Its mortality rate is as high as 100%.
Cat scratch injury
Also called cat scratch disease. It is a fever, rash and swollen lymph nodes caused by Bagang infection after being scratched by a cat. A few people will have obvious symptoms such as fever, muscle aches, hepatosplenomegaly and jaundice.
epidemic haemorrhagic fever
Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome is a natural focus disease caused by Hantavirus, which mainly hosts small rodents. The main clinical manifestations are fever, bleeding, congestion, hypotension shock and renal damage.
2.2.5 Plague
The pathogen of plague is Yersinia pestis, which is mainly transmitted by rat fleas. This is a serious infectious disease, which is widely prevalent among rodents. The clinical manifestations are fever, severe toxemia, lymphadenopathy, pneumonia and bleeding tendency. Plague has occurred many times in the world, with tens of millions of deaths and extremely high mortality rate. Rats carry more pathogens than the cats and dogs mentioned just now. They may carry more than 200 pathogens, of which more than 50 can make people sick.
2.3 Preventive measures
2.3. 1 strengthen daily nursing.
In general, pathogens similar to toxoplasmosis are mostly invisible infections, and contact with animals that are easy to carry pathogens such as cats is more likely to infect toxoplasmosis [3]. It is forbidden for pets to come into contact with other animals and their appendages that are easy to carry pathogens. The requirements for the sanitary conditions of pets should also be improved accordingly, and the pets' residences should be cleaned regularly, and the excrement and food residues of pets should be cleaned to provide a good living environment.
2.3.2 Regular physical examination of pets.
The health of pets should be monitored and maintained regularly, and pets can be cleaned regularly, such as taking a bath, which will get more oil stains, dirt and bacteria at first. Trim nails regularly to prevent pets from growing into the meat because their nails are too long and deformed, causing wound infection. Through proper tooth management, one of the sources of animal malodor is bad breath, which can lead to diseases of internal organs and other organs. It can be prevented by gargling or chewing teeth and bones.
2.3.3 Vaccination
Usually, injecting pet vaccine can greatly improve the resistance of pets to diseases, and the vaccine is injected in a specific pet prevention institution in advance.
3 problems in the prevention of pet diseases in China
At present, China's economic development has brought about an increase in the number of pets, but at the same time, the living space of many pets is limited in a relatively narrow range, and the opportunities and amount of exercise for pets are obviously insufficient. The health problems caused by overnutrition and unbalanced nutrition have always been insurmountable problems in pet disease prevention in China. Secondly, pet treatment is weaker than yours, and passive treatment is often used. Usually, it will only be carried out after the pet is sick, which will increase the cost, and secondly, the pet will not be treated in time, which will aggravate the mortality rate. Therefore, pet control is difficult and has many tasks [5].
3. 1 suggestion
3. 1. 1 Implement strict hygiene system to eliminate pathogenic microorganisms.
10% ~ 20% lime water or 2% lysol solution can be used to spray sleeping area and surrounding environment, and dirty bedding and materials should be replaced frequently. When an individual is sick, he must be isolated in time. If sick animals die of infectious diseases, it is best to burn them or bury them deeply.
3.2.2 Vaccine.
At present, there is no effective treatment for these infectious diseases, except that parrots can be controlled by vaccination.
3.2.3 Prevent eating toxic food by mistake, and prohibit feeding animals with moldy and deteriorated food.
3.2.4 Strengthen health management.
Health management of companion animals refers to all activities to establish and implement relevant management systems and measures in accordance with the scientific requirements of epidemic prevention and pest control in order to prevent the spread of animal diseases and protect public health and people's health. Among them, there is a problem that must be paid attention to and solved. There are hundreds of animal diseases, including dozens of diseases suffered by humans and animals.
3.2.5 Committed to the research of more effective special animal epidemic prevention drugs.
For example, there is no special vaccine for rodents so far, and only rabbit medicine can be used to prevent and treat diseases, so it is very risky to keep rodent pets. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop vaccines and drugs for various animals to prevent pet diseases. Therefore, in terms of health management, all pets must be registered, and many private pet transactions have no registration files. If the outbreak of infectious diseases will hinder the investigation of the source of the disease, then the prevention system will not be well popularized.
4 conclusion
As a part of human life, pets not only bring economic benefits, but also have certain social hidden dangers. A reasonable and complete pet management system is of great significance for balancing the relationship between pets and nature, and between people and society. Pet diseases are a threat to human beings, and effective prevention and treatment is an important means to prevent the outbreak of zoonotic epidemics. In order to make the human society and the pet market develop harmoniously, China needs to make greater efforts.
References:
[1] Jiang Hong Pet and My Pet Market [Discussion Paper] China Academy of Engineering Engineering Science and Technology Forum-Pets and Human Health 20 1 1
[2] Legal regulation of pet keeping in Liu Bin [D] Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences 20 12
[3] Liang Hongru, Lai Muhai, Jiang Biao Toxoplasma prevalence and control [J] China Animal Health 2009 1 1
[4] Tian Haiyan Pet Beauty and Health Care [J] China Journal of Comparative Medicine 20 10(20)