I. Topic selection 1. The sources of topics (questions) can be described as various, such as searching in practice, summing up experience, exchanging information, comparing and comparing. Take this topic as an example, the source of the topic mainly has the following two aspects. (1) Personal experience in real life. For a long time, people's understanding of environmental problems has been seriously limited. Due to environmental pollution, ecological destruction, resource waste, population expansion, arable land reduction, forest depletion, grassland desertification, climate warming and other issues, the threat to human survival is becoming more and more serious. What is even more frightening is that these problems have not been clearly recognized and understood by everyone at present. Whether people are engaged in industrial, agricultural, animal husbandry and other production activities, or in daily life, in order to pursue high profits and covet excessive enjoyment, they can exploit resources at will, overgrazing, littering and so on. Everywhere you can see or hear the phenomena and events of environmental pollution and ecological destruction. The reason for these phenomena and events is, in the final analysis, people's lack of knowledge and awareness of environmental protection. (2) Long-term teaching experience. I was surprised to find that more than 90% middle school teachers and principals don't believe that the earth is short of water and think that environmental degradation has nothing to do with them. I don't know why the country regards environmental protection as a basic national policy; Do not understand the causes of common environmental problems such as sandstorm, greenhouse effect, acid rain and El Ni? o phenomenon. These facts clearly show that there is a serious lack of environmental education in school education. Fundamentally speaking, to solve environmental problems, we must not only rely on scientific and technological strength, economic sanctions and governance according to law, but also carry out environmental protection education in a lasting, systematic and comprehensive way, and strive to cultivate the environmental awareness of the whole nation, so as to fundamentally solve environmental problems and ensure the healthy and sustainable development of the national economy. Therefore, I deeply feel that it is an arduous and urgent task to carry out environmental education extensively and persistently, and it is also our unshirkable responsibility. 2. After determining the scope of the topic and putting forward a general topic, we need to further understand and process related materials to make the topic more refined and valuable. Taking this topic as an example, we need to: do the following work well. (1) Check the information. The purpose of consulting and collecting relevant data and scientific research information is: first, to fully understand the most advanced achievements, research methods and predecessors' attention in the research field related to this topic, to prevent duplication of work, so as to determine the value, significance and purpose of the research; Second, through understanding, analysis and comparison, find out the advantages of this topic, estimate the possible difficulties, existing research conditions, experimental equipment, manpower and material resources, etc., so as to analyze the feasibility of this topic; Third, relevant information can be collected at the same time. According to the collected relevant data and scientific research information, we know that there are many examples, such as condemnation and review, laws and regulations, monitoring data and so on. On environmental knowledge and environmental protection. Environmental problems have gradually aroused widespread concern from all walks of life, and their importance and urgency have been gradually recognized by governments and people all over the world, and people's environmental awareness has been increasingly enhanced. All countries in the world generally carry out various governance activities, formulate relevant laws and regulations, and take tough measures, and the world environmental situation has initially improved. For example, some concrete measures have been taken, such as closing polluting enterprises, calibrating pollutant discharge, garbage disposal and banning "Freon" and "HCH", which have played a certain role in controlling and controlling environmental pollution. However, due to people's weak awareness of environmental protection, it leads to a vicious circle of governance and destruction. What's more worth mentioning is that we don't pay enough attention to the "environmental education problem" that fundamentally solves environmental problems, and the measures are not effective. People don't pay attention to educational means at all, but only pay attention to punishment. From this, we can draw a conclusion: we must strengthen the research on environmental protection and governance and find an effective way to educate the whole people on the environment as soon as possible; Strengthen environmental education in the whole society and extensively carry out environmental publicity and education activities in order to raise the environmental awareness of the whole nation and fundamentally solve environmental problems. (2) Determine the research direction. Environmental problems are extensive and complex, including environmental protection policies, education, measures, governance and testing. There are many subjects involved, including biology, chemistry, geography, physics, social economy, culture and education, medicine and health, law and policy, etc. The content of environmental education is rich, and the objects of education are universal, involving all walks of life in the whole society. Therefore, in order to achieve the effect of "from point to area", we must find the breakthrough point and breakthrough point of environmental education. "Bringing environmental education into schools and classrooms is the breakthrough and the most effective way for the whole society to carry out environmental education." This is the conclusion after summary and comprehensive analysis. The preliminary investigation results show that although some areas emphasize setting up environmental education courses in some schools, the content is not comprehensive, the methods are rigid and the results are minimal. Therefore, it is necessary to further study the necessity, infiltration mode and specific content of strengthening environmental education in the whole process of school education, which is the research direction of this topic. (3) Determine the research type. This topic belongs to the application of pedagogy, psychological principles and teaching theories of various disciplines to solve practical problems in education and teaching, boldly reform teaching contents and methods, and explore new educational measures and ways, so it belongs to a developmental research topic. (4) Clear guiding ideology and principles. Guided by Marxism–Leninism and dialectical materialism, adhere to the principle of "objectivity, scientificity, feasibility and innovation". Objectivity is mainly manifested in respecting objective facts, mastering first-hand materials and evaluating realistically; Scientific nature mainly lies in finding out the internal relations of things, summarizing their changing laws, and testing and correcting them in practice; The feasibility mainly lies in the correct estimation of possible difficulties, the existing research ability and the enthusiasm of researchers; Innovation is mainly manifested in the uniqueness of the discipline, the advanced nature of the research results and the practical significance. 3. Characteristics and feasibility analysis After analysis and comparison, the prospect, research value and practical feasibility of the research are summarized, which is the internal motivation and ideological basis of the research. Taking this topic as an example, it has the following characteristics: the topic is novel and currently occupies a leading position in China; It is practical and provides valuable information for quality education reform and new curriculum reform in schools at all levels. Innovation is easy to popularize and implement, and the method of implementing environmental education is creative; It has practical significance and strong feasibility. This topic is not only supported by national policies, but also easily accepted by schools, teachers and students. Moreover, it needs less funds and does not need too much equipment and venues. Second, after making a good research plan and selecting a topic, don't rush to operate. First, you should make a research plan according to the actual situation, make a good plan, make full preparations in ideas and materials, and make the research work of the subject planned, scientific and standardized. Therefore, the following work needs to be done: 1. Bold ideas, overall planning, and task decomposition. According to the research direction and principle of the subject, combined with the existing scientific research conditions, we should boldly put forward theoretical assumptions and clarify the research ideas; The second is to plan the overall scale, formulate research methods, time arrangements and results forms; Third, the whole research task should be decomposed into several small problems and stages, and the task should be completed in stages, levels and plans; Fourth, we should put forward the specific name of the subject. Taking this topic as an example, it can be divided into the following small problems. (1) explains the necessity. Based on the present situation and seriousness of environmental pollution, this paper studies the purpose, significance and urgency of implementing environmental education in school education of various disciplines and levels in China, and lists a large number of environmental problems and environmental pollution facts to illustrate the necessity of strengthening environmental education. (2) Explore the implementation methods. That is, to explore the ways and methods of implementing environmental education in school education of various disciplines and levels: (3) enumerate the implementation contents. That is, from the perspective of school psychology, combined with the characteristics and present situation of students of all ages, the specific contents of implementing or infiltrating environmental education for all kinds of students are listed. (4) Verification and popularization. That is to say, a certain number of typical schools with broad representation are selected to carry out experiments, which are popularized and used in practice to verify the accuracy of the proposed theory, implementation methods and infiltration contents, find out the shortcomings, and modify them in time to make them more perfect. (5) launch the results. That is, with the support of relevant departments, the books are summarized, edited and published, so that the implementation of environmental education can be implemented. (6) the problem of upgrading. Carry out demonstration and extensive promotion, and enter a higher-level research plan. 2. Determine the key points and find out the difficulties. The focus of this topic is also its innovative part, that is, to explore the methods and ways of environmental education; The difficulty of this topic is also its key part, that is, listing the specific content of infiltrating environmental education, verifying, popularizing and applying it in practice; Compile and publish books: 3. Determine the work steps and time schedule. The purpose of determining the work steps and time schedule is to make the decomposed small problems more specific and quantitative, so as to ensure that the research work can be completed on time. Taking this topic as an example, the whole research work is generally completed according to the following steps: Step 1: Organize relevant researchers to go deep into school education practice of various disciplines and levels, and conduct interviews and questionnaires. Step 2: Make statistical classification, analysis and summary on ×××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××× Step 3: Year × month × year × month, verified and popularized in practice; Step 4: 4. According to the research purpose, content and the nature and characteristics of the research object, the research methods are determined, and the feasible and easy-to-operate research methods are determined. When necessary, a variety of methods can be used comprehensively. The methods that can be used are: investigation and discussion, observation and discovery, experiment promotion, comparison and improvement, statistical induction, etc. 5. The budget is based on the principle of frugality and high efficiency, including travel expenses, conference expenses, materials expenses, experiment promotion expenses, printing expenses, etc.