In the selection and training of youth football, our goal is very clear, that is, to train and bring up excellent football talents. Therefore, coaches should have a full understanding of the basic conditions necessary for excellent football players. The characteristics of contemporary football require every player to have all the abilities needed for attack and defense. For example, after the goalkeeper gets the ball, he starts to attack, asking the other ten players to run and catch the ball actively. After the attack, eleven players take the initiative to defend and constantly change their speed, direction and intention. These actions require every player to have a good tactical awareness. Players' awareness on the field includes: (1), awareness of catching the ball; (2) Passing consciousness; (3) dribbling consciousness; (4) Overall offensive cooperation consciousness; (5), defense awareness.
In the selection of young football players, our purpose is clear, that is, to select good players who have undergone professional and systematic training, can achieve the expected results and have training prospects. Performance in training:
1: It is to choose their interest in football, their understanding of football, their strong sense of collective honor, their sense of responsibility, their efforts in training, their conscious observance of discipline, their obedience to the needs of the team, their arrangements for coaches, their long-term attention in the game, their enterprising spirit and so on.
2. Competitive ability mainly refers to athletes' technical ability, tactics, physical fitness, intelligence and psychology. It is also an indispensable factor for young football players. We can study it from the aspects of speed, strength, explosiveness, endurance, agility and flexibility.
3. Consciousness cultivation: Why should we strengthen consciousness cultivation in children's football training? First of all, we should know what consciousness is. According to the basic view of psychology, human consciousness is "the reflection of objective reality in the human brain, an advanced form of psychological activity and a conscious psychological activity." Then our consciousness in football training can be understood as: "The reflection of various technical and tactical means adopted according to the needs of football matches in the minds of athletes is the conscious psychological activity of athletes in technical and tactical activities." Therefore, we can say that consciousness is the soul of an athlete. The strength of consciousness is an important symbol to measure the level of an athlete and a sports team. Then the player's consciousness on the court is as follows: (1) the consciousness of catching the ball; (2) Passing consciousness; (3) dribbling consciousness; (4) Overall offensive cooperation consciousness; (5) Defense consciousness.
This is a genetic factor. To choose a good athlete, first of all, he has more or less inherited his parents' sports genes, especially his height, figure, physique, personality and temperament, which have direct or indirect effects. Experts believe that "in the inheritance of athletic ability, 50% of parents with excellent athletic ability and their descendants are also excellent in athletic ability, and they are likely to surpass their parents." The inheritance of sports ability is continuous between parents, so genetic factors have a great influence on the success of young athletes.
From the point of view of sports physiology, the sensitive period of improving the basic quality or comprehensive ability of football players is adolescence. Due to the interaction of heredity and acquired external factors, in a certain period of teenagers' growth and development, the growth rate is faster, and the body is most sensitive to the influence of external factors. This is the best time for selecting talents and training, that is, the best sensitive period and the best development period of sports quality. The speed, coordination, flexibility and the ability to control the center of gravity of excellent athletes are closely related to the scientific training in adolescence. As a youth football coach, we must firmly grasp the training focus in the period of "double excellent" sports quality, select the right seedlings, and carry out science in combination with reality, so as to lay a solid foundation for cultivating high-level football talents. Football skills are the basis of youth training. Compared with other sports, football skills are difficult to master, and there are many kinds of skills. The football match mainly depends on the control of the ball with the feet, and the technical match is completed in the rapid confrontation. The requirements for athletes' skills and competition ability are very high. There are two remarkable characteristics in modern football match. One is the increasingly fierce confrontation between the offensive and defensive sides, and the other is the rhythm of the game, and the speed of the conversion between offensive and defensive is getting faster and faster. The high confrontation in this fast-paced game environment involves the contest of technology, consciousness, physical fitness and psychological quality. Therefore, if you want to be an excellent football player, you must select young players, and then carry out scientific sports training to improve the comprehensive ability required by football. The purpose of material selection is to tap talented young people for scientific training and exercise. However, "talent" is a comprehensive concept, and it is difficult to cover all aspects in material selection. Therefore, only by grasping the main content of material selection and combining with reality can the coach achieve practical results.
The main factors of early material selection are: internal driving force; Competitive ability; Acceptability; Bone age identification; Genetic factors; Function. Among them, internal drive, competitive ability and acceptance ability are the three elements for coaches to select excellent athletes. Internal drive: Internal drive refers to players' enthusiasm for football and their strong desire and pursuit of becoming a star. With the growth of age, it shows a strong sense of collective honor and responsibility. Consciously abide by discipline in training, obey the needs of the group, be hard-working, humbly ask for advice, be highly focused, enterprising and enterprising. Therefore, it shows a clear training purpose and has a relatively ambitious goal. Starting from the interests of individuals, teams, clubs and countries. Therefore, coaches should be good at communicating with athletes, observing and understanding the true performance of athletes in training, competitions, schools, families, communities and other environments, and objectively evaluating their internal driving forces. Teenagers' love for football is largely a playful nature of children. At first, they didn't have high aspirations. Therefore, the coach should set an example when contacting them, and stimulate their interest through words and deeds. In teaching and training, we should constantly improve the teaching ability and level, be good at using teaching means and methods suitable for teenagers, guide them to join football and stimulate their strong dedication to football. Any irresponsible words and deeds and boring and monotonous training methods will have a negative impact on teenagers. Competitive ability: Competitive ability is a comprehensive reflection of athletes' skills, tactics, physical fitness, intelligence and psychology, and it is also an essential and important factor in early selection.
In general training, coaches mainly evaluate athletes' competitive ability through observation, testing and investigation. Observation: Students' competitive ability and football talent are mainly found in training competitions and ordinary physical education class. Test: The coach evaluates the athletes through technical and tactical, physical fitness and special quality indicators. In our country, we usually use technical indexes such as hitting the ball, crossing the bar with the ball, kicking the positioning ball far and kicking the positioning ball accurately, combined with physical fitness test indexes such as 30M, 12min running and standing jump. The evaluation criteria of British teenagers' football skills and physical fitness are quite special, and comprehensive evaluation is made by using the contents of fast running with the ball, fast turning with the ball, fast changing direction running, fast dribbling, changing direction and shooting. Investigation: Coaches have a broad understanding of the daily situation of athletes, including their academic performance, living habits and personality characteristics. Only by knowing the athletes in many ways can the early selection be more reasonable and accurate. Acceptability: refers to the ability of athletes to understand, master and reasonably use the objective laws of football and related scientific knowledge. Acceptability is the key factor for athletes to obtain training effect. The evaluation of young athletes' acceptance ability is: serious training, concentration, active learning, strong understanding of technical movements, quick mastery of technical movements, strong stability and strong technical application ability. The level of skills, tactics and physical fitness can be fully reflected in the competition. While evaluating athletes' acceptance ability, we must emphasize coaches' teaching ability and training level. Coaches' teaching organization ability, explanation and demonstration ability and affinity with children are of great significance to improve athletes' acceptance ability.
It is essential to select three elements early to train and bring up all-round excellent football players from teenagers. However, in the process of discovering football talents, there are sometimes three factors that are unbalanced. At this time, the coach needs to predict and judge the development prospect and the limit of sports level of the players according to the actual situation such as the team's task, the players' age and training years. In China, young players have been engaged in football for a short time and are young, so their internal drive and acceptance should be given priority.
Genetic factors are one of the contents that must be considered in the early selection of coaches. Everyone carries their parents' genetic genes to varying degrees, especially in body shape, physique, personality and temperament type, which have direct or indirect influence. For example, the height of parents has an important influence on the height of children. Experts believe: "In the inheritance of athletic ability, 50% of parents with excellent athletic ability have excellent athletic ability. Moreover, it is possible to surpass parents. " The inheritance of athletic ability is continuous between parents. " Therefore, genetic factors have a great influence on the success of young athletes.
Problems needing attention in material selection
(1) Their interest in football can be reflected in their usual hard training and games, whether they can give full play to their will, consciously abide by discipline, obey the needs of the team, obey the arrangement of the coach, pay close attention to it for a long time in the game, be enterprising and so on.
(2) Physical fitness can be judged by speed, strength, explosiveness, endurance, agility and flexibility. See if the player is suitable for the competition and can become a professional player.
(3) The strength of consciousness is an important symbol to measure the level of an athlete and a sports team.
(4) Genetic factors In the inheritance of athletic ability, 50% of parents with excellent athletic ability have excellent athletic ability, and their offspring are likely to surpass their parents. The inheritance of sports ability is continuous between parents, so genetic factors have a great influence on the success of young athletes.
In a word, in the society with rapid development of modern science and economy, scientific selection of materials is one of the important factors to create high-level sports achievements in the world. Athletes and coaches must improve the level of football in China and shorten the gap with the advanced level in the world in order to achieve the training purpose.
Let me add some rough ones.
Forward: Good consciousness is the sense of smell in front of the door. Exquisite shooting skills, grab it as soon as you enter the door. The speed should not be too slow, and the confrontation ability should be strong. There is also the fight for the header.
Offensive midfield: excellent footwork, taking the overall situation into account, passing the ball in place, having the ability of forward insertion and certain defensive skills, and controlling the rhythm of the midfield.
Defensive midfielder: will get stuck, to stop the opponent's charge to the defense behind him, delay the offensive rhythm, and make a long pass. Physical confrontation is also better.
Defender: The figure should not be too short, the awareness of position selection should be good, the card position should be accurate, the confrontation ability should be strong, the turn should be fast, the heading route should be accurate and the heading should be good.
Goalkeeper: He is tall and bounces well. Quick reaction, courage and confidence. Accurately judge the high-altitude ball and dare to attack.