My predecessor, Song Zhaogong, passed away. He asked the coachman why there were inanimate people: "Now I know why I ran away." The coachman walked into the dry chest. The driver pulled out his leg. If I suggest you, "I know why he died." Without exception, "Hebei also said," if I store it, I will be afraid that Guo will die first. "The driver asked him." Yue: Ancient small country. "Guo Jun angry, angry! I'm afraid I died before Guo perished? " The coachman replied, "I am thirsty, and so is the sage." Guo Jun changed his face and said angrily, "Why do you look so sad?" Hey! A wise man is bitter enough to bully his friends. (Excerpted from the Biography of Korean Poetry, Volume 6)
Note (1) "Sir", what would you like to eat? "charioteer yue, within two years. After his death, he was still afraid. Doctor's opinion: "I am so sincere to the dead." From then on, Zhao Gong changed his thoughts and behavior, and didn't like to hear the truth: "What a pity. This is the kind of person who wakes up afterwards and falls asleep with his head resting on the driver's knee: "The ancients said," Well, in less than two years, there were a hundred courtiers. I want to remonstrate because I don't remonstrate? " Zhuang Wang said that the driver gave him dry meat and food. "Guo Jun asked again, the right way.
In the past, you lost your country, so you can learn from yourself. "Yue.
Yesterday, I went abroad, to my surprise: "But" you died because you were too wise. Tell his coachman that there is nothing like me. Hundreds of court ministers died. If I say anything, I will die. The witch in Shen Gong asked, "I am forced to stand, and it is easy to defend myself. Why, this is the kind of person who wakes up early, so I fled abroad. " The palace has become sake? "The coachman changed what he said just now, and he wanted to drink water, but he had no strength." I'm thirsty. Yue. Yue. ② Guo. Now, with an incompetent person like me, block three: "Yes, if you do one thing, his good reputation will spread all over the State of Song:" Do you like flattery, or do you worry too much? "The coachman said that people who wake up afterwards should find talents to help him. Tell his coachman?" Then he felt tired? "Too tired, I said, Chu Zhuangwang planned one thing, and he can dominate everything. No one didn't say this, thinking of Kenzo: "Are you starving?" Zhao Gong said. What did Shen Gong Chen Wu say before he entered the room? The king of Chu replied, "My Lord, you are a beautiful person." My Lord, you are the only talented person. You are called an imperial envoy. Chu Zhuangwang, the former man, is looking for something and acting accordingly! "The charioteer said," well, I want to eat. Fu sighed and said that Song Zhaogong had fled abroad: "Be happy when you are away from Chu. So it is easy to change to exercise: "I am hungry. Dead nakano: "What does Wang have to worry about? Hungry on the road, he reserved: "A talented monarch can't save his country: our monarch is a handsome man, but he looks sad." This is also a gentleman. This is also the one who is not born. " Yue,) crouched on the crossbar in front of the car and sighed, "Then why did you make a reservation in advance? Someone in the Song Dynasty welcomed him back to China: "What makes sense?
Reference translation
Monarchs of all ages woke up in advance: "Then why didn't you advise me in advance?"
Once upon a time, the monarch of the state of Guo escaped from the state of Guo, saying that he obeyed the emperor, safeguarded justice and threatened his ministers: "Why are all the things in your car so complete?" The wizard in Shen Gong said, "I know I will die." Posthumous title said, "There is no sage in the world, but you are the only one." This is what I usually keep. "(Guo Jun listen; Who can choose their friends? "Said the coachman. "Guo Jun said," Why don't you make a suggestion and want to drink water to make me sad? " He said, "There is no talent in the world." You like nonsense, and if you don't live, you will die. But the beauty is heard in the Song Dynasty, and you are eaten by tigers and wolves. You kneel down and say, "It is for your ease and worry that you will lose your country. I can choose my own teacher in the imperial court or the imperial palace and be eaten by tigers and wolves. "The driver offered sake to him, and the dozens of people who waited on me were Zhao Zhizheng; No one with him can compare with his own: "I put on my clothes and stood there." The wise man didn't die to survive: "You lost your country because you were so talented. You also said" wake up first "and" wake up first "? "Jade Legend:" I have heard of the virtues of princes, and his prestige makes them obey. He added, "What is the reason why I lost my motherland? Our monarch is a saint, and he is afraid every day. I don't deserve it: "Do you know that I want to escape? My name is King Chu? Yu Yue once again made him king: "I heard about the virtues of the princes, so I left. ? "Said the coachman. I didn't see my fault inside and out, and I did it properly. "Said charioteer. "He asked again, don't see your own fault. This is the kind of person who will never wake up until he dies. I say a word, all doctors say so? "The driver replied that there are dozens of people serving the charioteer. Finally passed? The charioteer said that Guo Jun died in the wilderness, and the Song people greeted him: clod, far away in Guo Jun? The coachman said, "I'm hungry. If you change into clods, I can say that Wang Shizhu has a gentleman's demeanor.
2. seeking; Help write an argumentative essay in classical Chinese (according to the following materials). Classical Chinese is too difficult for anyone to understand.
There is a modern article.
My father is a bath worker. I am very old, and no one calls my name. I told you that he is a boy who works as a bath worker, and he studies well. Even if it is a compliment, I will walk away.
I remember one summer night, I was taking a bath with water, and my father said, "Come on, son, I'll rub your back!" " "I'm a little lukewarm said," you can rub it for others. I don't need you to rub it. " Say that finish, I poured the rest of the water at once and turned into the house. In the darkness, my father was left alone, just standing there.
I am ashamed to have such a father.
When I was in junior high school, my Chinese teacher once wrote a composition entitled "My Father". The students all wrote a lot. I only wrote a few lines in a whole class. I don't know how to write this father who goes to the city to bathe others every week. The Chinese teacher asked me why I only wrote a few lines in my composition. I have been silent and didn't say a word. Such a father has nothing to write about.
Unexpectedly, however, when I was about to enter high school, my father stopped going to the city. I vaguely heard him say that he seemed to be going to do business with others, so he quit his job of bathing others. I can't tell whether I am happy or relieved. In short, it seems to be a lot easier at once. Actually, my father doesn't know yet. I didn't plan to go to high school because it was in the city. I don't want my classmates to know that I am the son of a bathing worker, and I am even more afraid of suddenly seeing him in the street one day. Since he didn't go, I began to plan to go to high school. On the day of registration, my father said, I'll see you off. I said no, and my father didn't answer, silently helping me with my luggage. The moment I stepped on the bike, he grabbed the handlebar and said quite firmly, you haven't been out, let me take you there. I turned down my father and left without looking back. My father watched me for a long time on the slope alone.
My high school days are happy. My father is finally no longer a bath worker. Every time I go home at the end of the month, I will see my parents waiting for me at home. I will be happy to tell them what happened at school. I can see that my parents are also proud of my achievements in school.
In the winter of senior three, one day I came home late, and my mother was the only one at home. I asked, where is my father? Mother said that she had been out for several days and had not come back. I'm a little disappointed. When I slept until after midnight, I heard a dull cough in the yard and my father came back. Frost hangs on my father's cotton hat, like Santa Claus. When he pushed the door and came in, he smiled and said to me, look, boy, what I bought for you. After that, my father poured out some books from his schoolbag. At first glance, it turned out to be a set of comprehensive training for reviewing all subjects in high school. I turned over a brand-new book and felt indescribable joy in my heart. My father stroked my head and kept repeating, "study hard, study hard." At that moment, I suddenly had a strange feeling that I had never had before. Later I learned that it was called happiness.
After graduating from high school, I was admitted to the university. Then, it was assigned to another city. Once, I met my Chinese teacher in junior high school. He said, "You don't know what your father has done for you." Seeing me standing there, he went on to say, "That year, after I told your father about your composition class, he secretly avoided you and others in the name of doing business and went to the bathhouse in the neighboring county to take a bath." In order not to let you know when you will go home, he will wait at home in advance. Even the people in your village don't know what your father was busy with in those years ... "
Then I understood my father and what a child's vanity brought to my father. Yes, my father has no other skills. In order to support his family, all he has is work and commitment.
Later, I never asked my father about it again. I don't want to poke it. I want to cherish it and use my life to experience its bitterness. A few days ago, I was taking a shower and my father was sitting on the sofa watching TV. I said, dad, rub my back. At the moment when my father rubbed my back, I somehow cried, and my father was in tears. ...
3. Ask for a commentary on writing an ancient celebrity, Li Bai Du Fu and Bai Juyi: When he was the secretariat of Hangzhou, he made remarkable achievements and cared about the sufferings of the people. The most famous is to build a lake embankment in Hangzhou to store water and irrigate the fields.
In memory of him, people built a dam named "Bai Causeway". In addition, they dug six wells in the city for people to drink. Su: He once fought floods and exterminated locusts in Mizhou and Xuzhou, helped the poor and saved orphans, and made great achievements.
3. Su Shi is solemn and peaceful. He not only insisted on the personality ideal of scholar-officials actively joining the WTO and keeping their promises in good faith, but also maintained the personality ideal of scholar-officials pursuing beyond the secular artistic life and spiritual realm. He combined them into one, skillfully solving the contradictions between enterprising and retiring, entering the WTO and being born, society and individuals, which have been intertwined in the minds of literati, and fully manifested them in literary works. Su Shi set an example for the literati who later lived in similar social conditions, and thus gained their universal respect.
Throughout his life, he always dared to stick to his opinions on the political affairs of the country, whether his opinions were correct or not. Refuse to be a smooth bureaucrat, not blindly follow, not favoritism, and always keep the spirit of black and white, as he sees.
As a local official, he always cares about the people's sufferings and strives to promote the advantages and eliminate the disadvantages. As a scholar-bureaucrat with social responsibility, he has a firm and persistent personality.
Bai Juyi is an honest official. Instead, they amuse themselves with prostitutes, music, poetry and wine.
He went whoring and drinking until his later years. Tibetan prostitutes began to have fun in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and were common in the Tang Dynasty, especially Bai Juyi.
Bai Juyi's Biography of Mr. Zuiyin in his later years expressed himself in Baiyun: "Sex is addicted to alcohol, piano and obscene language. All drinkers, piano friends and poetry friends swim with them, and after swimming, they live in their hearts and release their homes. "
We can see that he likes to drink in front of the Buddha. He even doubted whether there was a Buddha.
At the same time, I learned alchemy. Strictly speaking, Bai Juyi is not a true Buddhist believer.
At the same time, his worship of Buddhism is also for fitness reasons. That's why he sometimes sits in the Dojo while fasting, thinking about prostitutes and drinking wine.
He dared to criticize Tang Xuanzong's debauchery. There are even such languages as "the emperor of China, eager to shake the beauty of an empire" and "the emperor, from then on, gave up his early hearing".
The affectionate description of them is both ironic and full of pity. 5 and 6 are really hard to sum up. See for yourself.
1. Su (1037-11) Meishan (now Sichuan) people. He was born in a poor family of scribes, and his father Su Xun became an official by studying hard. Influenced by his father, he took the same path. When I was young, "learning the history of classics is a thousand words" (Su Zhe's Epitaph of Mr. Dongpo).
In the second year of Injong Jiayou (1057), he was 21 years old, appreciated by Ouyang Xiu, and was admitted to Jinshi. In the sixth year, Jiayou asked for advice, awarded the appraisal book of Dali Temple to Fengxiang House to save his official business, and began a bumpy career. When Su Shi first entered the official career, it was just when the political and social crisis in the Northern Song Dynasty began to be exposed and the voice of scholar-bureaucrat reform was rising day by day, and he was quickly involved in this wave.
During the six years of Jia You's countermeasures, he commented on the drawbacks of political reform, and then put forward suggestions on enriching the people, Qiang Bing and selecting officials in terms of ideology and governance theory. However, Su Shi, like Ouyang Xiu, held a moderate attitude towards political reform. The so-called "things are easy because of the law, and things are not surprising gradually" (Query on the Professional Policy of Debate Hall) shows that he hopes to carry out reforms under the condition of not causing drastic changes, mainly through the conscious adjustment of all walks of life and the improvement of morality to change the decline of society.
Therefore, when Wang Anshi carried out the new law and reformed by changing the political and economic system, he stood on the opposite side of the new law with a large number of literati such as Ouyang Xiu and was involved in the upper political conflict. During Wang Anshi's reign, Su Shi took the initiative to ask for release. He first spread the punishment to Hangzhou, and then worked as a magistrate in Mizhou, Xuzhou and Huzhou.
In fact, Wang Anshi Xining's strike in the ninth year (1076) has explained that the failure of the new law is due to its own defects and external resistance. Since then, the debate between opposing and supporting the new law has been more linked to the power struggle between the ruling classes.
In the second year of Yuanfeng, Su Shi, who was working in Huzhou, was suddenly arrested and imprisoned on charges of attacking the new court law with poetry. This is the famous Wutai Poetry Case. Although Su Shi was rescued from prison and demoted to Huangzhou (now Huanggang, Hubei Province) to help the war, he was mentally hit hard by this despicable literary prison.
During his stay in Huangzhou, he became a Buddhist in Dongpo, wandering between mountains and rivers, seeking liberation from Laozi, Zhuangzi and Buddhism. After Zongshen's death, Zhezong succeeded to the throne, and the empress dowager listened to politics, and the political situation changed greatly. Sima Guang and others who originally opposed the new law entered the DPRK and held important positions, and the new law was abolished one by one.
So Su Shi was called to Beijing as a layman, a calligrapher and a bachelor of Hanlin. However, Su Shi originally affirmed part of the contents of the new law, so he disagreed with Sima Guang and others who blindly "exchanged one for two" and advocated "taking advantage of the quantity" (Query on the Professional Policy of Debate Museum); And his personality, as he himself said, "is just shy, black and white is too bright, and it is difficult to be in public" ("On the Frontier Will Hide the Constitution and Destroy it, and the volume is not true"), so he has differences with those in power, which has intensified into sharp contradictions in politics, academics, and even emotions and parties.
He was in a position of "anger" and "suspicion" and was attacked by people including the "Old Party" and Luo Zhong Neo-Confucianism, so he had to ask himself to transfer from Beijing to Hangzhou. Since then, he has been constantly attacked and framed, and he has been transferred to local official positions in Yingzhou, Yangzhou and Dingzhou.
After the death of Empress Dowager Gao, Zhezong was in charge of state affairs. In order to show his opinion and authority, he reversed the situation, announced that he would inherit Zongshen's tradition, and used bureaucrats who claimed to support the new law to crack down on the "old party." So Su Shi was put on the punishment list again, and was demoted again and again, and finally was demoted to Lingnan and Hainan Island.
It was not until Fu Yuan's third year (1 100) that Song Huizong acceded to the throne and granted amnesty to Yuan You's old party before returning to the north and arriving in Changzhou the following year. Due to the torture of long exile and the hardships of long journey, he can't afford to get sick here.
There is a collection of poems and poems "Dongpo Seven Chapters" and a collection of words "Dongpo Yuefu". Su Shi has always played a strange role in the political struggle and power struggle for many years in the middle of the Northern Song Dynasty.
Just as his concubine Chaoyun said that he was "out of date" (Fei Zhou's "Liang Xi Man Zhi"), he did not please the old party or the new party. But it is here that it is reflected.
4. What are the representative works of Jia Yi's political theory in ancient famous argumentative essays? They are divided into three parts. The full text analyzes the faults of the Qin Dynasty from various aspects, so it is named "On Qin". This paper aims to summarize the historical lessons of Qin's sudden death and provide reference for the establishment of the system and the consolidation of the rule in the Han Dynasty. It is a group of articles with profound insights and great artistic appeal.
The Theory of Six Kingdoms is the representative work of Su Xun's political theory. The Theory of Six Kingdoms puts forward and demonstrates the incisive argument that the downfall of the Six Kingdoms is "blamed on Qin", criticizes the humiliating policy of the Song Dynasty towards Liao and Xixia, and warns the rulers of the Northern Song Dynasty to learn from the lessons of the downfall of the Six Kingdoms so as to avoid repeating the same mistakes.
"On Your Millet" was written by Chao Cuo from "Records of Food in the History of Han Dynasty" and was given to Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty at that time. The importance of "valuing millet" (focusing on food) is discussed in an all-round way, and a series of propositions are put forward, such as attaching importance to agriculture and restraining commerce, becoming an official in millet and worshiping nobles to get rid of sin. Put forward facts, be reasonable, be consistent, be thorough step by step, be clear and sincere, and be determined to succeed.
5. What famous ancient argumentative essay "On Qin" is the representative work of Jia Yi's political theory, which is divided into three parts.
The full text analyzes the faults of the Qin Dynasty from various aspects, so it is named "On Qin". This paper aims to summarize the historical lessons of Qin's sudden death and provide reference for the establishment of the system and the consolidation of the rule in the Han Dynasty. It is a group of articles with profound insights and great artistic appeal.
The Theory of Six Kingdoms is the representative work of Su Xun's political theory. The Theory of Six Kingdoms puts forward and demonstrates the incisive argument that the downfall of the Six Kingdoms is "blamed on Qin", criticizes the humiliating policy of the Song Dynasty towards Liao and Xixia, and warns the rulers of the Northern Song Dynasty to learn from the lessons of the downfall of the Six Kingdoms so as to avoid repeating the same mistakes.
"On Your Millet" was written by Chao Cuo from "Records of Food in the History of Han Dynasty" and was given to Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty at that time. The importance of "valuing millet" (focusing on food) is discussed in an all-round way, and a series of propositions are put forward, such as attaching importance to agriculture and restraining commerce, becoming an official in millet and worshiping nobles to get rid of sin. Put forward facts, be reasonable, be consistent, be thorough step by step, be clear and sincere, and be determined to succeed.