1949- 1952 basically respected the objective laws: therefore, the China regime was consolidated and the economy was restored. (1) Politically: ① the consolidation of the new China regime; (2) the establishment of the leadership of the proletariat; ③ The state's ability to control social and economic activities has been strengthened. (2) Economically: ① the completion of land reform and the recovery of national economy; (2) the development of state-owned enterprises; ③ The development of rural mutual aid and cooperation movement.
1953- 1956 also basically respected objective laws, so it completed three major transformations and established the socialist system. By the end of 1956, 756,000 agricultural production cooperatives had been established nationwide, with 1. 1 100 million households, accounting for 96.3% of the total number of farmers. However, in the process of agricultural co-operation, some cadres have developed a mentality of being eager for success, blindly seeking more and faster in the development of cooperatives, and forcing farmers to join cooperatives. As a result, some farmers kill pigs and cut down trees, sell sheep and cattle, do not actively produce, and even destroy farm tools.
1956 ——1966, China's understanding and practice of the principal social contradictions and the policy of economic construction.
Success: The Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China correctly analyzed the domestic situation after the socialist transformation was basically completed, and pointed out that the main contradiction in our society is the contradiction between the advanced social system and the backward social productive forces. Put forward the general task of building socialism in an all-round way.
Economically, it puts forward the policy of economic construction that is both anti-conservative and anti-aggressive, and insists on making steady progress in comprehensive balance.
Error: With the serious expansion of the anti-rightist struggle, emphasizing the struggle between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie, the struggle between the socialist road and the capitalist road has always been the main contradiction of China, thus gradually embarking on the wrong track of "taking class struggle as the key link".
Economically, the high speed of one-sided pursuit of socialist construction and the degree and scale of nationalization exceeded the productivity level at that time, which seriously damaged the comprehensive balance and caused great mistakes in the Great Leap Forward and the people's commune movement.
Lessons: (65,438+0) To carry out socialist construction, we must persist in seeking truth from facts and proceed from reality; (2) after the establishment of the socialist system, we must always take economic construction as the center and put the development of productive forces in the first place; (3) To carry out economic construction, we must follow objective laws, not exceed the level of productive forces, blindly adjust production relations and production organization forms, and unilaterally pursue high speed; (4) We must correctly understand the class struggle in the socialist stage. Class struggle is no longer the main contradiction, and it should be prevented from expanding; (5) We must adhere to the principle of democratic centralism, promote inner-party democracy and adhere to the mass line.
To sum up, since the founding of the People's Republic of China, when has the objective law been respected, the economy improved and the society progressed? Whenever the objective laws are violated, there will be problems or even retrogression in society.