The content of construction organization design depends on its task and function. Therefore, according to the characteristics and requirements of different engineering products, according to the existing and possible construction conditions, we must be able to determine the basic combination mode of various production factors, the temporal and spatial relationship of this combination mode, and determine the types and quantities of labor, machines and tools, materials and the time and method of acquisition according to this combination mode and the characteristics of the engineering products themselves. Without effectively solving these problems, it is impossible to carry out any production. Thus, any construction organization design must have the following corresponding basic contents: 1 General description; 2. Construction method and corresponding technical organization measures, namely the construction scheme; 3. Construction progress plan; 4. Layout of the construction site; 5. Demand and supply of various resources.
Among the five basic contents, the fourth and fifth items are mainly used to guide the preparatory work and create material and technical conditions for the construction. The demand of manpower and material resources is one of the important factors that determine the construction layout, which in turn guides the arrangement of various material factors on site. Items 2 and 3 mainly guide the construction process and stipulate the whole construction activities.
Second, the compilation characteristics of subgrade engineering construction organization design
1. Focus on the following contents: determine the construction method and earthwork allocation; Prepare the construction progress plan; Determine the site construction organization; Make clear the number of machinery required by each construction team.
Three pavement engineering construction organization design
Besides being basically the same as the overall construction organization design, according to the characteristics of pavement engineering, when determining the construction scheme and schedule, fully consider:
(1) Quality inspection, material preparation and test section of each structural layer of pavement
In the construction organization, the quality inspection of each structural layer should be carried out. Please refer to the chapter on construction technology management. The selection and purchase of pavement materials, off-site transportation and paving the test section to obtain data are also problems that the construction unit should pay attention to.
(2) Organize the construction according to the balanced flow method.
The construction between structural layers of pavement engineering is a linear flowing process. When compiling the construction organization design schedule, we should consider the logical relationship between each process of pavement construction, and pay attention to the overlapping flow method of each structural layer construction to speed up the construction progress. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the construction progress (speed) between structural layers, select the lap joint type according to the construction speed (STS type is selected when the previous procedure is faster than the latter procedure, or FTF type is adopted), calculate the lap joint time according to the construction speed of each structural layer and the required working face size, and consider the technical intermission time that may be required by each structural layer and the influence of each structural layer on the requirements of pavement quality inspection.
(3) Special technical requirements for pavement construction
Various structural layers of pavement have their special technical requirements and various "joints" construction requirements and precautions. Especially for the technical requirements of asphalt structure layer and cement concrete structure layer and the relationship between equipment configuration and construction time.
Compilation of construction organization design of bridge and culvert engineering
The classification of bridge and culvert construction organization design is different, and the content is shallow and deep. The content of general bridge and culvert construction organization design is: 1. Compilation basis. 2. Overview of the project. 3. Construction preparation and design. 4. Construction scheme and method of each division (item) project: The bridge project includes sub-projects such as foundation and substructure, superstructure, protection project and approach road project, and each sub-project is divided into several sub-projects, such as foundation and substructure are divided into open-cut foundation, pile foundation, pipe pile, pile cap, open caisson, pile making, steel bar processing and installation, pier and abutment installation and other sub-projects. The construction method and sequence have been basically determined in the structural design. For example, the main works of the bridge include the substructure, superstructure and ancillary works (river bed reinforcement, cone slope protection, etc.). ). For example, the construction sequence of pier (abutment) is as follows: foundation excavation, formwork erection, foundation rubble concrete, foundation backfill, pier (abutment) body concrete, binding steel bar, pier (abutment) cap reinforced concrete, cone slope filling and mortar rubble slope protection. Another example is the construction sequence of culvert pipe: digging foundation, laying foundation, installing pipe joint, drilling hole, waterproof layer, paving at import and export and backfilling.
During the construction of the lower pier of the bridge, if the number of equipment or templates is limited, the running water construction can be used to organize the construction. When using flow construction, we should pay attention to the relevant time parameters of flow construction: flow rhythm, flow interval, technical interval, etc. When many piers are constructed by flowing water, it means that the relationship between flowing water is too complicated for the work (process) of Dachuan. If the following two simplified representations are adopted, we should pay attention to the logical relationship between the original works (processes). When simplified as the relationship between piers, the logical relationship between piers becomes an overlapping relationship; Or combine the same process of multiple piers into one operation, which simplifies the logical relationship between different operations of the same pier, and the logical relationship at this time also becomes overlapping.
5. Optimization of construction scheme
The optimization of construction scheme is mainly to choose the best construction scheme through the economic and technical comparison of construction schemes, so as to speed up the construction progress, ensure the construction quality and safety and reduce consumption.
It mainly includes: optimization of construction method, construction sequence, construction work organization form, construction labor organization and construction machinery organization. The optimization of construction methods should achieve good economic benefits and be technologically advanced. The optimization of construction sequence is to ensure the order of the site, avoid chaos, realize civilized construction, and achieve good, fast, economical and safe results. The optimization of construction operation organization means that the operation organization reasonably adopts one or more of three operation forms: sequential operation, parallel operation and flow operation. Construction labor organization optimization refers to organizing a certain quality of labor according to the requirements of the project, selecting the relatively optimal labor combination scheme, making it meet the requirements of the project construction and putting it into the construction project. The optimization of construction machinery organization is to change from just meeting the needs of construction tasks to how to give full play to its economic benefits.
6. Optimization of resource utilization
Engineering materials are the object of labor and an important part of production factors. The construction process is also a process of material consumption. Engineering materials refer to main raw materials, auxiliary materials, mechanical parts, fuels, tools, electromechanical equipment, etc. Serve the whole construction project and run through the whole construction process. Therefore, its procurement, transportation, storage, storage, distribution, economical use, comprehensive utilization and statistical write-off are related to the progress, quality and cost of the whole project construction and must be comprehensively managed. The optimization of resource utilization mainly includes the optimization of material procurement and supply plan and the optimization of machinery demand plan. The optimization of project material procurement and supply plan is to plan the project material supply and demand activities in the whole process of project construction, and adjust the construction progress when necessary.
References:
[1] Li Haifeng construction organization design and construction scheme-Heihe science and technology 2003(04)