Fiber composite is one of the composite materials classified by structure. It is a new material composed of one fiber material as matrix and another fiber material as reinforcement, and various fiber reinforcements are placed in the matrix material. Various fiber materials can learn from each other's strong points in performance, resulting in synergistic effect, which makes the comprehensive performance of fiber composite materials superior to the original materials, thus meeting various needs. For example: glass fiber, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, etc. As far as glass fiber is concerned, high-strength glass fiber is cost-effective, so its growth rate is relatively fast, with the annual growth rate exceeding 10%. Its application scope is not limited to the military, but also widely used in civilian products, such as bulletproof helmets, bulletproof clothing, helicopter wings, early warning aircraft radomes, various high-pressure pressure pressure vessels, civil aircraft straightboards, sporting goods, various high-temperature products, tire cords and so on.
At this point, China's high-strength glass fiber has reached the international advanced level and has independent intellectual property rights, forming a small-scale industry with an annual output of 500 tons at this stage. Carbon fiber composites have a series of properties such as high strength, high modulus, high temperature resistance and electrical conductivity. At first, it was widely used in the aerospace field, and in recent years it has also been used in sports equipment and sporting goods. Industrial grade carbon fiber will be widely used in civil construction, transportation, automobile, energy and other fields.
In the main application fields of fiber composites, it has many advantages compared with traditional materials: high specific strength and specific modulus; Good fatigue resistance; Good damping ability; Good high temperature performance; Good breakage safety; The anisotropy of performance and strong designability make it have broad market prospects in bridge and building reinforcement, tunnel engineering and the repair and reinforcement of large silos.
Study on carbon fiber composites
Project Description: Carbon fiber and its composites have a series of excellent properties such as high specific strength, high specific modulus, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance, creep resistance, electrical conductivity, heat transfer and low expansion coefficient. It can be used not only as a structural material to bear heavy loads, but also as a functional material to play a role. At present, few materials have so many characteristics. Therefore, carbon fiber composites are advanced composites and typical high-tech products. The matrix of carbon fiber composites can be resin, carbon, metal and inorganic materials.
Stage: mature application stage
Study on glass fiber composite products and their durability
Project outline: The glass fiber cement (GRC) arch string corrugated roof is developed. The product is reinforced by chopped glass fiber and grid cloth, and the whole section is uniformly stressed, giving full play to the mechanical potential of the composite material. The bearing capacity is nearly 20 times higher than that of a flat plate with the same thickness. The ultimate span of the roof slab with a thickness of only 10mm can reach 7.2m, which realizes the good unity of structural safety and economy.
Stage: middle stage
Significance: this product can be integrated with the roof building function and structural load-bearing, self-bearing and self-waterproof; High strength, good toughness and beautiful appearance; Light weight, low cost and simple structure. Products can be widely used in sports centers, exhibition centers, storage centers, bazaars, industrial plants and other engineering construction, safe and reliable, good market prospects.
Study on strengthening building structure with fiber composite materials
Project Description: The research content of this topic includes preparing adhesive for sticking glass fiber sheets, and calculating and analyzing the influence of sticking fiber composite materials on cracks in brick masonry caused by foundation settlement. The self-developed adhesive for sticking glass fiber basically reached the performance index of Technical Specification for Strengthening Concrete Structures with Carbon Fiber Sheets (CECS 146:2003). The primer, leveling putty and glass fiber adhesive were developed, and the reinforced concrete beam was strengthened by self-made adhesive. The theoretical calculation and analysis of brick wall strengthening and the shear strengthening test of reinforced concrete beams bonded with glass fiber are carried out.
Stage: mature application stage
Application of carbon fib composite in petroleum exploitation
Project Description: The high-strength and high-flexibility carbon fiber composite sucker rod has solved the long-standing problem that it is difficult to improve the comprehensive performance of sucker rod. The sucker rod is composed of carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material, and the joint is specially designed for high strength, which is safe and reliable. High modulus, corrosion resistance and wear resistance; Good anti-fatigue performance, after fatigue test, the residual strength is 90%; Light weight, the weight of carbon fiber sucker rod per kilometer is only180 kg; Good flexibility, the minimum radius of curvature is 350 mm, and it can be rolled for production and transportation; The cross-sectional area is small, only one-fifth of that of steel sucker rod; The wear resistance of carbon fiber greatly protects the shell; Mechanized operation; In practical application, more than one third of electricity is saved, and more than one third of oil is increased. The production is pollution-free and the waste rods can be recycled.
Stage: mature application stage
Structure and properties of bamboo fiber composites
And preparation technology.
Project Description: This project uses bamboo processing waste and wood as raw materials for the first time to process bamboo fiber; Manufacture bamboo-wood composite medium density fiberboard in a proper proportion. Through systematic research and productive experiments, the reasonable proportion of bamboo and wood fibers was scientifically determined, the relationship among temperature, pressure and time was studied, and the best process was determined, which provided a scientific basis for the production of bamboo-wood composite medium density fiberboard, and the results reached the leading level of similar research in China. The products have been tested by the National Bamboo and Wood Products Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, and the test items meet the requirements of GB/T11718-1999.
Stage: initial stage
Significance: The successful development of this project has made the waste of bamboo structure processing factory comprehensively utilized, creating considerable economic benefits and inestimable ecological benefits.
Experimental study on strengthening reinforced concrete flexural members with carbon fiber composite materials
Project Description: In this project, carbon fiber composite materials are used to strengthen concrete flexural members with different strength grades and reinforcement ratios. Through experimental analysis, the shear failure characteristics of inclined section and normal section, the strengthening law of shear and bending bearing capacity of members, working mechanism, the role of materials (allowable ultimate deformation) and the influence of secondary stress are obtained. This paper introduces the design calculation method, construction technology, structural measures, inspection and acceptance and construction safety measures of this reinforcement technology. On the basis of this research report, the technical specification for strengthening concrete flexural members with carbon fiber composite materials has been compiled for the first time in China and has been widely used in engineering construction.
Stage: mature application stage
Development of New High Flame Retardant Phenolic Composites
Project description: A high flame retardant room temperature curing phenolic resin was developed and applied to glass fiber reinforced resin composites to obtain high flame retardant phenolic composites.
Light-colored phenolic resin with high ortho-position and high reactivity was prepared by metal salt complex catalysis. In addition, resorcinol reacts with formaldehyde to form an initial resin, and by using the high reactivity of resorcinol, a catalyst is added to form a component with rapid curing effect. This two-component resin has the characteristics of curing at room temperature, and can be used to make FRP hand paste. The resin has the characteristics of low color, low odor and room temperature curing. The combustion properties of the cured product and the glass steel plate made of this resin by hand are as follows: oxygen index: resin is 50.4; Glass fiber board is 72.1; The smoke density of glass fiber board is 5.4. Both resin and glass fiber composites have excellent flame retardant and fireproof effects. The flexural strength, flexural modulus of elasticity and tensile strength of glass fiber composites hand-pasted with this resin can reach above 65438±040 MPa, 65438±04 MPa and 260MPa respectively. It has good mechanical properties and can be used as a structural material.
Stage: initial stage
Significance: As a structural material, this material can be widely used in construction, transportation, mining and other fields, and at the same time plays a role in fire prevention.
High performance and high added value wood
Development of fiber composite engineering materials
Project Description: The wood fiber/synthetic fiber composite material produced by this technology takes wood or various short fiber plant materials as raw materials to produce various high-strength engineering products with complex shapes on a large scale. This technology solves the problem that simple wood materials have poor calendering deformation function and cannot form engineering products with complex shapes and structures through a certain technological process like plastics. On the other hand, it solves the problems of poor thermal stability and difficult natural degradation of simple plastic products during use. Therefore, this technology product has a wide range of applications in automobile interiors, special-shaped packaging materials, building decoration materials, furniture and so on. Greatly expanded the application field of wood and its products.
Stage: middle stage
Significance: The production technology of wood fiber/synthetic fiber composite engineering materials is a new technical route formed by the combination of wood-based panel technology and nonwoven technology in textile industry, which is the first in China.
Basic theoretical study on the application of three-dimensional braided fiber reinforced medical polymer composites
Project Overview: This project creatively puts forward the theoretical conception of applying 3D braided composites applied in aerospace field to biomedical orthopedics field. Firstly, the application of composite materials in bone implantation is systematically and fundamentally studied, including the interface theory research, molding theory research, fatigue mechanism exploration, moisture absorption theory and hybrid effect research of three-dimensional braided composites. On the basis of theoretical research, a three-dimensional braided fiber composite with mechanical and biological properties most suitable for bone healing was designed and manufactured.
Stage: middle stage
Gelatin/montmorillonite hybrid nano
composite material
Project outline: Two-dimensional layered reinforcing material montmorillonite is introduced into gelatin with good biocompatibility and biodegradability to make it have high performance. In this paper, intercalation technology is applied to biomaterials for the first time, which expands the application scope of montmorillonite and explores new ways to improve the properties of protein materials such as gelatin, which has potential application prospects as structural biomaterials. Gelatin/montmorillonite nanocomposites were prepared, and their thermal and mechanical properties were studied by DSC, TGA, SEM and tensile test. The results show that the composites are intercalated or partially exfoliated nanocomposites, and their properties have been significantly improved. The high-temperature Tg peak in DSC curve of composites disappeared, and the thermal weight loss and thermal decomposition rate decreased obviously. With the difference of montmorillonite content and pH value of gelatin matrix, the tensile strength and Young's modulus of the composites increased obviously. At the same time, SEM photos showed that the fracture surface of gelatin showed a plasticizing trend due to the intercalation of montmorillonite.
Significance: This project has broad application prospects.
Study on environmental resistance of fiber composites
Project Description: Fiber composites are widely used in many special occasions because of their excellent properties such as high strength and corrosion resistance, but their environmental resistance is related to many factors. It is of great significance to study the influence of these factors on fiber composites for the application of materials. In this project, glass fiber reinforced composites are used to strengthen cylindrical cement concrete. The reinforcement system was treated under different wet and hot conditions and its compressive performance was tested. The effects of external conditions, such as composite conditions and heat and humidity, on the performance of the reinforcement system are discussed.
Significance: The research results have certain reference value for the reinforcement of cement concrete structures. Can be applied to the fields of reinforced fiber composite materials and cement concrete structures; The use of fiber-reinforced composites in places where metal materials are easy to corrode can produce obvious economic benefits.
Study on culture of osteoblasts with chitosan-gelatin network/hydroxyapatite composite scaffold
Project Description: The primary cultured third generation rat skull osteoblasts were planted in scaffolds with porosity of 85.20%, 90.40% and 95.80% respectively. Results Rat skull osteoblasts grew well and proliferated rapidly in the scaffolds with porosity of 90.40% and 95.80% respectively, and a large amount of extracellular matrix was secreted around them. After 3 weeks, bone-like tissue appeared locally and cell/scaffold structure was found.
Type of achievement: basic theory
Plant fiber reinforced thermoplastics
Research and development of composite materials
Project Overview: The technical level of this project has reached the international advanced level. In this project, plant fibers such as thermomechanical pulp (TMP) are used as reinforcing materials, and thermoplastics such as nylon and polypropylene are used as matrix to manufacture new materials by composite technology. The preparation technology of the composite material is reasonable and advanced. There is a good interface between plant fiber and matrix, and its main performance index is 0.2 ~ 2.0 times higher than that of matrix. Its main innovation is the successful development of wax-like compatibilizer through molecular design, which overcomes the technical problems of low strength and high processing temperature of TMP matrix in the development of plant fiber composites, which easily leads to thermal degradation of fibers. The product has the advantages of light weight, low price, small material shrinkage deformation, high mechanical properties, good processability, low energy consumption and little wear on production equipment. The product is cost-effective, and this product has not been seen in China; In the process of processing, not only the traditional granular raw materials can be used for molding, but also the reinforcing agent can be directly combined with the matrix for molding.
Stage: mature application stage
Application of fib composite material (FRP) in repairing and reinforce concrete water conveyance tunnel (pipe)
Project description: In view of the diseases such as carbonation, cracks, water seepage, water leakage and steel corrosion of reinforced concrete water conveyance tunnel (pipe). Under the action of pressurized water flow, harmful medium and fluctuating pressure, this project independently developed special structural adhesive and corresponding concrete repair materials suitable for wet conditions by using high-tech fiber materials (FRP), and developed a new and effective bonding reinforcement technology.
Stage: mature application stage
New composite reinforced fiber friction material
Project Description: This technology does not use metal materials, but uses composite fiber with excellent performance and adhesive with excellent heat resistance to make brake pads, with low cost and low density. Good temperature resistance, wear resistance and environmental resistance. The friction performance of this friction material is stable, and the technical index of high temperature resistance reaches or exceeds the national standard. It does not corrode or rust in humid and acidic gas environment, and the high-temperature wear rate is far lower than the national standard GB5763- 1998. Since the early 1990s, friction materials such as carbon fiber reinforced and Kevlaar fiber have been developed. At present, in the domestic market, except for a few non-metallic materials, most of them use semi-metallic friction materials.
Brick-making technology of plant fiber magnesium composite material
Project description: product features: crack resistance and earthquake resistance; Halogen-free reflux; Thermal insulation; Lightweight and strength; Waterproofing and cement bonding; Can easily nail, cut and process; Convenient construction; The price is cheap. Due to the difference of materials, the lightweight aerated plant fiber composite brick is relatively cheap, but it is slightly higher than the traditional clay brick, so attention should be paid to reducing the cost in mass production.
Stage: middle stage