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abstract:

In the urban ecosystem, garden plants are an important part, and in the protection of garden plants, garden pests often do harm to garden plants, so it is of great practical significance to study the prevention and control of garden pests. There are many kinds of garden plant pests. In the process of controlling them, if traditional control methods are used, it is easy to have incomplete pest control, and biological control methods can greatly improve the control efficiency. In view of this, the biological control of horticultural plant pests was studied in this paper.

Key words:

Horticultural plants; Biological control; Research;

In today's urban construction and landscaping process, the current green space system and garden plant species are much more complicated than before. With the bad change of global climate and the imbalance of seasonal distribution of temperature and humidity, early waterlogging frequently occurs. Coupled with frequent human activities and interference, the plant structure is unbalanced, the variety is single, and the underground space of plants is insufficient. It will eventually make the growing environment worse, and even worse, it will lead to the flooding of garden pests. In view of this, this paper analyzes the species of garden plants, and provides reference for the prevention and control of garden plant pests in the future.

1, common garden plant pest species

In recent years, with the increase of species and quantity of garden plants at home and abroad, the species and distribution range of garden plant pests have greatly increased and become increasingly serious. Garden plant pests will not only seriously affect the safety of the ecosystem, but also affect the stability of the ecosystem and even affect the import and export trade. According to some statistical surveys, some common garden plant pests include leaf-eating pests, sucking pests, boring pests and underground pests.

2. Specific methods of biological pest control

2. 1 Use biological natural enemies of pests for pest control.

Through the analysis of common cultivated horticultural plants, it can be found that there are some predatory or parasitic natural enemies among the pests corresponding to these plants. These natural enemies can provide biological control functions for horticultural plants. Among horticultural plants, there are many kinds of trees, and there are also many insects parasitic on trees, among which aphids are pests, which can affect the growth of trees. Beneficial insects include earthworm, mantis, locust silkworm, ladybug, bee and so on. Speaking of using natural enemies of pests to kill insects, there are many examples. For example, Ceroplastes rubra is a common pest, which grows very fast and is very difficult to control. However, there are many kinds of parasitic natural enemies, and their parasitic natural enemies are much more than predatory natural enemies. In order to eliminate Ceroplastes rubra, the natural enemies of Ceroplastes rubra can be classified and summarized, and then the natural enemies of pests can be put in reasonably. However, in the practice of protecting natural enemies of pests, it is found that overwintering is a problem. Whenever winter comes, it is necessary to provide biological nutrients and living space for the natural enemies of these pests. When using natural enemies of pests to kill pests, we should pay special attention to the following two points: (1) biological control of pests should be given priority to, and pesticides should be used appropriately to effectively ensure the effect of pest control and avoid the unsatisfactory effect of pest control caused by the rapid reproduction of natural enemies of pests; Pay attention to the applicable objects of biological control methods. The same biological control method has different effects on different plants.

2.2 Use pathogenic microbial pesticides for pest control.

Pathogenic microbial pesticides refer to protozoa such as fungi and viruses. There are many examples, such as Bacillus thuringiensis, which uses biochemical principles to kill insects. With the help of some protein substances obtained by microorganisms during spore formation, pores are formed in the abdominal epithelial cells of insect larvae, which increases the water absorption of insects. When insect cells absorb water to a certain extent, insects die, thus achieving the purpose of killing insects. In addition, in the process of using this principle to kill insects, we need to pay attention to the following matters.

Pay attention to the release time of pathogens. Under normal circumstances, it is advisable to use early morning or night, and try to choose cloudy weather to avoid direct sunlight or excessive light. Attention should be paid to the release position of pathogenic microorganisms, which must be released in living organisms such as pests and eggs to provide sufficient environment and nutrition for virus or bacteria replication; Practice should be fully carried out to verify the applicability of pest control methods; In order to give full play to the insect-resistant ability of viruses or fungi, attention should be paid to adjusting the air humidity and temperature in the park to ensure the life activity of pathogenic microorganisms. In addition, we should make full use of the role of pathogenic nematodes. Nematodes enter the body mainly through the mouth or anus of insects, and release bacteria to kill insects. The use method and applicable object of nematodes are similar to those of pathogenic microorganisms.

3. Summary

At present, a large number of biological control methods have been used in the biological control of horticultural plant pests, which has made certain contributions to the prevention and control of diseases. But its control effect is often not ideal. A large part of the reason is that some problems have not been solved, and there are still many places to be improved. Therefore, in order to better control the diseases of horticultural plants, it is necessary to make full use of biological control methods, make full use of plant genetic methods, and change the growth state of bacteria through gene recombination. Through artificial breeding, biological control is continuously optimized, and more funds and manpower are invested in biological control research of horticultural plant pests, so as to induce horticultural plants to produce chemical, physical and biological disease-resistant inducers, thus improving plant performance. In the process of biological control of pests, we should follow the principle of environmental protection, and make this work meet the requirements of building a resource-saving and environment-friendly society proposed by the state when controlling horticultural plant diseases.

refer to

[1] Zhao Min. Biological control of horticultural plant diseases [J]. Modern Horticulture, 20 13(09).

The whole army corner, Ma Xing. Research progress on biological control of pests in horticultural plants [J]. Tianjin Agricultural Sciences, 20 14(0 1).

Liu Qin, He. Overview of biological control of plant diseases in China [J]. Anhui Agricultural Bulletin, 20 12(04).

[4] Lin Sha. Study on the control of horticultural plant diseases by heavy parasitic fungi [J]. Beijing Agriculture, 20 14(09).

Susan Wang. Biological control of horticultural plant diseases [J]. Urban construction theory, 20 14(2 1).

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