There are many kinds of pomegranate, which can be roughly divided into two categories: one is ornamental flower pomegranate; The other is edible pomegranate. Ornamental flower pomegranate can be divided into flower pomegranate (mainly ornamental flowers, which generally do not bear fruit after flowering) and fruit pomegranate (this pomegranate blooms first, but the flowers are not as gorgeous as the former, mainly ornamental fruits). Ornamental pomegranate is used to make miniature and miniature pomegranate bonsai. The seeds of pomegranate are often used for sowing, or its branches are used for cutting propagation to obtain materials for making bonsai. To make miniature bonsai, two-year-old trees are often used to tie it, and the shape is appropriately trimmed. To make a small bonsai, you can use 2-3 years of young trees for artistic treatment. The tree is so old that it is difficult to tie the branches. To make large and medium-sized bonsai, we often go to Shan Ye to dig old pomegranate piles, trim them properly and tie them if necessary. After "cultivating blank" 1-2 years, you can go to the boutique pot to watch. The common styles in pomegranate bonsai are straight dry type, double dry type, bent dry type and inclined dry type. Pomegranate branches are soft and can be rolled into various styles, but most branches and leaves are pruned into natural fruits. Pomegranate is much shorter and its fruit is smaller. Pomegranate is usually planted from March to April in late spring. Before planting, prune the leaves and roots once. Pomegranate likes fertilizer. When planting, put a few animal hoof pieces and a small amount of rotten bean cakes at the bottom of the pot as base fertilizer. Pomegranate has strong adaptability and low requirements for soil. It can grow in acidic and alkaline soil. It is best to have loose and fertile soil, but be afraid of waterlogging. When planting pomegranate bonsai, it is advisable to choose a medium or deep purple sand basin or glazed pottery basin, and pay attention to the coordination of the color of the basin and the color of flowers. The shape of the pot depends on the shape of the pomegranate tree.

maintenance management

(1) site. Pomegranate likes sunny and warm environment. Potted pomegranate should be placed in a sunny and well-ventilated place during the growing season. It takes more than 4 hours of sunshine every day to blossom. In summer, keep the soil moist. Pomegranate trees are not afraid of the sun, and some people don't understand this feature. When it is hot at noon, they move it to the shade, which is one of the important reasons why it doesn't blossom and bear fruit or grow badly. If the potted pomegranate is placed on the cement floor or on the cement fence on the balcony, a wooden board should be placed at the bottom of the basin to separate it from the cement floor (because the cement floor conducts heat quickly, it is easy to burn the lower root system of the potted pomegranate). Pomegranate is cold-resistant, and pomegranate planted in the ground can overwinter outdoors in Beijing. Potted pomegranate should be moved indoors at low temperature in winter, and the room temperature should be around 2℃ to facilitate hibernation in winter.

(2) water. Pomegranate is drought-tolerant. When it grows vigorously in summer, it should be watered frequently (watering less during flowering and fruit-setting period is easy to drop flowers and fruits), and the soil should be kept moist, not too wet. Pomegranate is afraid of waterlogging, so put down or move into shelter in rainy days to prevent water from accumulating in the basin. Water less in winter dormancy period, as long as the basin soil is wet.

(3) fertilization. Pomegranate likes fertilizer. When planting, in addition to proper application of base fertilizer, decomposed liquid fertilizer should be applied once every half month in the leaf opening period, bud pregnancy period and fruit growth period after flowering. After budding, apply 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or liquid fertilizer made of poultry manure twice (about a week apart), so that the flowers can be bright and fruity. But don't fertilize during flowering.

(4) plastic surgery. Pomegranate has strong germination ability and can produce new branches several times a year. Generally speaking, robust new branches born in spring can form fruiting mother branches. In the following spring, the short shoots from terminal buds or axillary buds often bloom, and the flowers with terminal buds are the most fruitful. The steep long branches born in the same year or the new branches grown from old perennial branches generally do not bloom in the same year, so we should pay attention to this feature when shaping. Branches born in summer and autumn are difficult to form fruiting branches and should be cut off in time. Plastic surgery in pomegranate bonsai is often performed before germination in spring. Steep long branches, erect branches, over-dense branches and twigs should be cut off, but attention should be paid to keeping those thick fruiting branches. From the branches pruned in spring, you can find some people with a certain attitude to prune and cut them, and you can go to a small pot to watch them in the third year after you survive. If the mother branch is too long to affect the shape, you can cut off the branch length of about 1/3, but you can't cut off all the branches born last year, otherwise it will be difficult for this pomegranate to blossom and bear fruit that year.

(5) pest control. Pomegranate has aphids, scale insects, inchworms, borers and other pests, which should be prevented in time.

In order to make bonsai pomegranate blossom and bear fruit, the following measures must be taken:

1 Turn the basin over. Turn the pan every 1-2 years. Small trees should be replaced with larger pots, and old piles can still use the original pots. Combined with turning pots, half of the old soil is removed, new soil is added, and old roots and excessive fibrous roots are cut off to facilitate the generation of new roots. To cultivate pomegranate, it is best to use poultry manure, freshwater fish offal and cake fertilizer, add appropriate amount of leaves, weeds and sand, mix well, pour enough water to make humus soil. This humus soil is all-element soil, in which there are more phosphorus and potassium, which is beneficial to pomegranate flowering and fruiting. If you don't turn over the pot for many years, there will be more fibrous roots, less soil, less fat and less or no flowers.

② Fertilization. Pomegranate is more fertile than ordinary potted flowers and trees, so base fertilizer should be applied well when turning the pot. When planting pomegranate with general cultivated soil, liquid containing more phosphorus should be applied when fertilizing, and O should be applied several times appropriately. 2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

8 light. During the budding period of pomegranate, besides adequate illumination, the basin soil should be dried. When the leaves are slightly wilting, you can put the pomegranate in the shade for about 30 minutes. After the soil and pomegranate plants cool down, spray clear water on the leaves, and then pour water into the basin later. Repeat this several times and buds will appear in about 20 days.

④ Pollination. If it is rainy during flowering, natural pollination will be affected. At this time, pomegranate should be moved to a ventilated place to avoid rain, and then placed in the sun for maintenance after the weather is fine. Pomegranate flowers can be divided into male flowers and female flowers. The front end of the male flower is larger, and the connection between the back and the stalk is smaller. The front end of the female flower is smaller, and the rear part is larger at the connection with the flower stalk. In order to improve the fruit setting rate, artificial pollination can be used. The method is as follows: when the first crop of flowers just opens, tap the stamen with a brush, and then tap the pistil several times with this pen to help it pollinate. It is best to pollinate in the morning, and the hot weather at noon is not conducive to pollination.

⑤ thinning branches. Some people don't want to prune their pomegranate cultivated from seedlings, and some beginners don't know how to prune it. In this way, the leaves are lush and the nutrition is scattered, which is not only unsightly, but also not conducive to flowering and fruiting. Pomegranate should be trimmed and shaped after defoliation or before germination in spring, and some buds should be cut off in time if there are too many buds; After the fruits are laid out, according to the shape, unnecessary fruits should be cut off. For a medium-sized pomegranate bonsai, 3-5 pomegranates should be left in the proper position. Its layout should be high and low, with good density. If there is too much fruit left, it will look messy and lose its beauty.