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Curriculum reform of measurement and valuation of construction engineering in higher vocational colleges. With the deepening of vocational education reform and the development of market economy, curriculum teaching innovation based on working process orientation is an important subject of higher vocational education teaching research in China, and it is also an important guiding concept of higher vocational education reform. Based on the teaching objectives of the course "Measurement and Valuation of Building Engineering" oriented by working process, this paper analyzes the ideas and practical methods of teaching innovation of this course, and deeply studies the teaching innovation strategy based on working process.

Keywords: workflow; Measurement and valuation of construction projects; Teaching innovation

Measurement and Valuation of Architectural Engineering is an important course for architectural engineering related majors in higher vocational colleges, which has strong technical, professional, practical, policy and comprehensive characteristics [1]. At present, China's economic industry and market have gradually changed from labor-intensive to technology-intensive, and modern advanced technology and equipment have been widely used in various industries and fields, which puts forward higher requirements for professionals and the technical level of employees is improving day by day, especially in the construction industry. In order to deepen the reform of vocational education, cultivate students' professional ability and employability, and improve students' professional quality, how to promote the teaching of Measurement and Valuation of Construction Engineering based on working process has become a subject that teachers must pay attention to.

First, based on the working process of curriculum teaching objectives

Measurement and valuation of construction engineering is a technical and practical core vocational skill course for engineering cost, construction engineering technology and other majors in higher vocational colleges. The teaching goal of this course is to effectively cultivate and improve the professional students' skills of discovering, proposing, analyzing and solving practical problems in the measurement and valuation of construction projects, and to strengthen their professional ability. At the same time, we can master the fundamental basis, scope and basic requirements of measurement and valuation of construction projects, so as to do a good job in technical work such as project cost control, project cost analysis and cost consultation in the future: First, we can collect data and information related to project cost correctly and comprehensively; Second, we can understand and correctly use the laws, regulations, norms, technical standards, pricing regulations and cost software on project cost formulated by the state; Third, we can correctly define the valuation range and choose the valuation method properly; Fourth, it can effectively analyze the characteristics, composition, calculation content and results of project cost in different building structure types and different construction stages; At the same time, the project economy can be evaluated correctly and objectively.

Second, the ideas and methods of teaching innovation based on working process

1. Innovative ideas. In order to realize the innovative teaching of measurement and valuation of construction engineering, we should actively change the previous teaching concept and establish the working process-oriented teaching concept. Specifically, it includes the following aspects: (1) Based on the teaching guiding ideology of competency-based and employment-oriented, the responsibilities, work contents, professional requirements and abilities of professional posts are systematically analyzed according to the pricing process of modern construction projects and the pricing process of real construction projects of social enterprises; (2) According to the training requirements of post ability, we should construct a professional talent training mode that adapts to the combination of work and study, and the course content based on working process can effectively highlight the training of professional ability and professional quality; (3) Innovatively design teaching methods and create a good teaching situation by analyzing the ability objectives and learning contents of professional fields; (4) The course content should be arranged according to the rules and regulations on measurement and valuation of construction projects formulated by the state and regions, combined with the qualification examination outline of the post qualification of construction projects and the professional qualification of cost engineers in China, so as to realize the combination of theory and practice, enhance students' understanding of the course knowledge, effectively master the course content, and strengthen students' professional knowledge application ability and professional ability. (5) The teaching content of the course should not only pay attention to universality, but also pay attention to timeliness, practicality and policy.

2. Practical methods. Hire experts to give lectures. As mentioned earlier, "Measurement and Valuation of Building Engineering" is a professional course with high requirements for practical operation and skill level. In the course teaching based on working process, professional groups in colleges and universities can hire famous domestic architectural experts to teach practical cases and systematically explain the theoretical knowledge and professional ability that engineers need, so that the analysis will be more comprehensive, profound and objective, free from the limitation and influence of text content, which is of great significance to practical work. At the same time, technicians and engineering front-line personnel can be arranged regularly to talk about their achievements, experiences and lessons, as well as the prospect of the industry, to help students better define their learning objectives and stimulate their interest and motivation in learning courses [2].

3. School-enterprise integration. At present, school-enterprise integration has been widely carried out in vocational education in China, and this teaching method can also be carried out in the teaching of "Measurement and Valuation of Building Engineering" based on working process. We can cooperate with well-qualified local construction enterprises as an important base for students' practical teaching and practice, and arrange students to work in enterprises regularly. In this process, students can learn and exercise in the "big classroom" of society and enterprises, so as to better understand the society earlier and understand the career development, and can adapt quickly when they really step into society and take up their posts. In practice, students can have a more comprehensive and profound understanding of their major, enrich their professional knowledge and skills through practical operation, and effectively cultivate their practical ability and practical ability on the premise of paying attention to practicality. In the teaching of school-enterprise integration, it can not only enhance students' interest in course learning, but also enhance their mastery of professional skills [3]. In addition, the implementation of graduation practice can cultivate and enhance students' practical work ability and lay the foundation for them to really take up their posts.

4. Case teaching method. In innovative teaching, we can collect the drawings of construction projects according to the general procedure of measurement and valuation of construction projects, edit them into books, and connect the whole project in series through practical work, so as to enrich and improve the curriculum system. In case selection, we should try to choose cases that keep pace with the times, are novel, representative and have deep connection with practice [4]. Through case teaching, students' application and practical operation ability of course knowledge can be effectively cultivated. Case teaching method has a strong practicality, which can make students have a more comprehensive and profound understanding and memory of the course knowledge they have learned, so that it can be applied to practical work in time and effectively, which can effectively stimulate students' interest and enthusiasm in learning courses and find the possibility of practical application for those students with relatively abstract knowledge in cases.

5. Project teaching method. This teaching method is a teaching activity in which teachers and students cooperate to complete the established project tasks. Under the guidance of teachers, students personally participate in the whole process of the project, and learn and master the teaching content through games. Students organize and arrange their own study independently, solve the difficulties or problems in the implementation of specific projects and tasks, enhance their self-confidence, and then fully mobilize their enthusiasm. Therefore, this teaching method is a typical student-centered teaching method. After applying the project teaching method based on working process in the course of measurement and valuation of construction engineering in higher vocational colleges, students can realize heuristic teaching under the guidance of specific project tasks, so that students can learn independently, and then better master the basic theoretical knowledge and professional skills they must have as a cost engineer, and at the same time help to cultivate and enhance students' autonomous learning ability, ability to analyze and solve problems.

6. Simulation teaching method. Simulation teaching is an important way to cultivate professional skills of higher vocational students. Teachers can design a certain "working scene", and then students can practice in this simulated scene under the guidance of teachers. The teaching goal of "Measurement and Valuation of Building Engineering" not only requires students to master the traditional manual measurement skills of building engineering, but also requires students to use measurement and valuation knowledge in their work to independently solve engineering cost-related problems such as bidding. To achieve this teaching goal, it is necessary for course teachers to organically combine construction project bidding and project quotation when designing teaching content, so that students can be familiar with the details of construction project bidding and turn the course learning process into a practical work process, so that students can consolidate theoretical knowledge, strengthen practical skills and accumulate practical experience in this work, and then cultivate and enhance their work ability and professional ability. In a word, the application of project teaching method in the teaching of "Measurement and Valuation of Building Engineering" based on working process can make students have a better understanding of course knowledge, and at the same time have a sense of overall situation in course learning, effectively mobilize students' enthusiasm and initiative in learning the course, and then improve the teaching effect of the course.

Thirdly, innovative teaching strategies based on working process.

This paper systematically discusses the teaching objectives, teaching ideas and practical methods of the teaching reform of "Measurement and Valuation of Building Engineering" oriented by working process. In order to ensure the good development of innovative teaching, scientific and effective innovative teaching strategies should be formulated, including interest cultivation, content optimization, teaching arrangement, improvement of teaching methods and practice writing of bidding documents.

1. Cultivate interest in learning. Due to the complexity of the course "Measurement and Valuation of Construction Engineering" and its close relationship with the current national policy on measurement and valuation of engineering, teachers should pay special attention to the latest information and systems related to construction engineering cost in innovative teaching based on working process, and at the same time, they should effectively combine specific engineering cases to make the teaching more vivid and intuitive, stimulate students' interest and enthusiasm in learning, and let students devote themselves to learning. Students can be led to visit and study in construction enterprises and engineering cost enterprises to understand the development scene of the industry, and engineering cost engineers can also be invited to the school to discuss the employment prospects and new trends of the industry face to face, so as to enhance students' confidence in their careers.

2. Optimize the teaching content. We know that "Measurement and Valuation of Building Engineering" has a strong practicality, and quota valuation has always played an important role in engineering measurement and valuation in China. However, with the promulgation and implementation of "Code for Bill of Quantities of Construction Projects", bill of quantities pricing has been gradually implemented in China's construction project bidding, and bill of quantities pricing will be a major form of construction project cost. However, due to the limitation of China's engineering investment system and the low level of strength of construction enterprises, these two pricing methods coexist at present. However, there are great differences between these two valuation methods. With the development of market economy and fierce competition in the construction industry, it is necessary to adjust the course content with the times, that is, to teach students two teaching methods systematically, so that students can practice the two pricing methods flexibly and reasonably in their future work and strengthen their professional ability. In addition, because the content of this course changes rapidly, it often lags behind the engineering practice. Therefore, in actual teaching, the teaching content should be revised and adjusted according to the requirements of students' professional quality and ability, so that what students have learned is highly consistent with what they will use in their future careers. At the same time, teachers should collect information related to the engineering cost industry, such as normative texts, market prices, new technologies, etc. And add it to the course teaching in time and effectively to enrich the teaching content.

3. Reasonable arrangement of teaching. Based on the working process, the course "Measurement and Valuation of Construction Engineering" should focus on the working scene that customers will face in the future professional work process, and introduce the curriculum with this scene, that is, what kind of talents are needed for the post and what kind of skills customers need, so we will cultivate this skill to the maximum extent in the course, and the course content is closely combined with the engineering practice demand. The construction of teaching content and curriculum system is related to the current development of construction engineering industry and the demand for cost professionals in construction site. Organize teaching with related professional activities, and construct teaching content and curriculum system with "application" as the theme and characteristics. Linking knowledge points and skills requirements with specific tasks, and highlighting the job pertinence of knowledge and skills requirements. The specific content is expressed in the form of projects. The course content selects knowledge points according to the needs of work tasks, and the teaching content highlights the cultivation and cultivation of professional ability and professionalism. Practice teaching is divided into three situations, and each situation has two projects. Namely: scenario 1, basic project, project 1, fixed price; Item 2 list pricing; Scenario 2 main project, project 1 quota pricing; Item 2 list pricing; Scene 3 decoration project, project 1 quota pricing; Item 2 is priced according to the list. The training program emphasizes the mastery of knowledge points and skills in the course, and pays attention to the ability to solve practical problems by comprehensively applying the learned knowledge and skills. Through complete training, we can help students improve their comprehensive knowledge and professional ability in an all-round way and lay a solid foundation for the formation of their future work ability.

4. Innovative teaching methods. With the development of information-based teaching, teachers should attach importance to and make good use of computer information technology, improve and innovate teaching methods, effectively cultivate students' spatial thinking, strengthen spatial imagination, and enhance their ability to read pictures and calculate. In this practical teaching, students should fully simulate the three-dimensional model of cost software, organize students to visit the construction site, and strengthen their measurement and pricing ability. In the work-oriented teaching, make good use of computer technology, timely and effectively cultivate and improve students' ability to quote and bid quickly by using pricing software, strengthen students' practical ability, and help students better master the knowledge and skills of the course [6]. In order to adapt to the development of market economy, professional teachers should not only improve teaching efficiency, but also improve the accuracy of teaching work on the basis of ensuring efficiency. Apply modern information teaching technology scientifically and reasonably, and organically combine the advantages of curriculum knowledge and information teaching technology. This can not only improve students' knowledge application and practical ability, but also improve and perfect students' learning methods through modern educational technology.

5. Pay attention to curriculum practice. In the course teaching, teachers should constantly enrich the practice content and let students practice independently under the guidance of teachers. In teaching, students should master the application of measurement and valuation methods of construction projects, especially pay attention to the application of traditional manual measurement and valuation, so that students can better understand and learn different forms of engineering quantity calculation methods and lay the foundation for subsequent study. For example, teachers can simulate the bidding activities in teaching, and teachers can formulate engineering task instructions according to the teaching content, and students can write bidding documents for construction projects according to the instructions. In writing, students should improve all aspects of the tender, and analyze and refine the tender, so as to effectively exercise their practical ability and practical ability. Teachers can effectively consolidate students' knowledge and skills through the progress of specific procedures such as project bidding and project quotation, and guide students to be familiar with every detail of bidding, thus effectively cultivating students' professional ability and professionalism. In addition, copywriting practice helps to cultivate students' copywriting ability and logical thinking ability, and also promotes the improvement of students' comprehensive quality.

Four. conclusion

In short, with the development of socialist market economy, not only the demand for higher vocational talents is increasing, but also the requirements for their professional skills and professional quality are improving. In order to effectively cultivate and strengthen the professional skills and professional abilities of students majoring in construction engineering in higher vocational colleges, we should actively change the teaching concept, clarify the teaching objectives, innovate teaching methods and means, formulate effective teaching strategies, and promote the teaching innovation of "Measurement and Valuation of Construction Engineering" based on working process.

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[2] Feng,,. Work-process-oriented curriculum reform and school-enterprise cooperation practice of "Measurement and Valuation of Building Engineering (Bill Valuation)" [J]. Today's China Forum.2013,11(7): 201-202.

[3] Li Qingqi. On the application of project teaching method in the teaching of measurement and valuation of construction engineering [J]. China off-campus education .2009,25 (11):169-171.

[4] Zhao Zhiqun. New concept of vocational education and training learning [M]. Beijing: Science Press. 2003，5: 3 17-3 18。

[5] Ren, Fei Liyuan. Characteristic curriculum development and school-enterprise cooperation practice based on working process-taking the measurement and valuation course of higher vocational construction engineering as an example [J]. Journal of Liaoning Vocational College.2011(04):13-14.

[6] Zhang Qiang, Ouyang Ping. Analysis of the teaching method of measurement and valuation of construction engineering from the case of engineering cost [J]. China Vocational and Technical Education.2013,16 (05):141-kloc-0/42.

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