Xinjiang accounts for 1/6 of the national land area, and the agricultural land resources suitable for development in plain areas are 8.67 million hm2, accounting for 1/4 of the total land resources development in China. Light and heat resources and agricultural products are superior in quality and have natural conditions for expanding agricultural production. But at present, the main factors restricting the development of Xinjiang are water resources and ecological environment protection.
The surface water resources in Xinjiang are 79.4 billion m3, and the total river runoff including external runoff is 88.2 billion m3. After deducting 3.8 billion m3 from non-human ecological conservation areas such as Qiangtang Plateau, the total surface water and river runoff in Xinjiang is 84.4 billion m3, which is the total surface water resources available in Xinjiang plain oasis. At present, the total water consumption in Xinjiang is 46 billion m3, including 42 billion m3 for agricultural irrigation, and the efficiency of agricultural water use is 50%. The groundwater exploitation is 4 billion m3, of which the exploitation in southern Xinjiang is less than 600 million m3. At present, the outflow of rivers in the northwest of northern Xinjiang reaches 22.8 billion m3, accounting for 27% of the total runoff of surface rivers of 84.4 billion m3. Therefore, the low efficiency and insufficient utilization of water resources in Xinjiang are the potential of water resources development and utilization.
There are 72,000 square kilometers of natural ecological vegetation, 550,000 square kilometers of lakes (larger than LKM 2) and nearly 80,000 square kilometers of natural oases in the plain area of Xinjiang. According to the quantitative analysis and evaluation results of basic data such as population, artificial oasis and ecological area in Xinjiang, among the 87 counties (cities) within the administrative region of Xinjiang, there are 17 counties (cities) with excellent ecological environment, 22 counties (cities) with good ecological environment, 23 ordinary counties (cities) with/kloc-. In terms of river basins and regions, areas without human activities, such as Qiangtang Plateau, and most areas above the river pass belong to areas with excellent ecological environment, and these areas (mountainous areas and intermountain basins) account for 49.5% of the total area of Xinjiang (mountainous areas and intermountain basins); The areas with obviously poor ecological environment are the lower reaches of the main stream of Tarim River (295 1km2) and Ebinur Lake area (the water surface area of the lake area is lo times, which is 5000km2). The Bosten Lake area is currently in a critical state; Other areas belong to the general scope.