First, avoid applying materials and imitating blindly.
The application materials are mainly believed by many candidates? The beginning and the end of the universe? This kind of writing or blindly applying the paragraphs or arguments in the excellent composition of the college entrance examination? You use it, I use it and he uses it? A situation of thousands of words. There are three main forms of expression:
(1) Apply? Start? Or? The ending? . Some Chinese teaching has the so-called? The beginning and the end of the universe? If many students get the most treasures, they often use them in their compositions. For example, the most common sentence begins with this sentence:? In the moonlight, I scooped up the clearest cup; After sunset, I hold a wisp of the warmest; Burning red leaves, I picked up the hottest one; I picked a bunch of the most colorful herbs; Long life, I want to pick the most important perseverance. (? Perseverance? The most common ending is:? If the blue sky is water and the red leaves are like fish, I hear the sound of metal passing through the mountains. ?
(2) Apply the paragraphs or arguments in the excellent composition of the college entrance examination. In recent years, there have been a number of personalized compositions in the college entrance examination, such as Pricking Qin written by a candidate in Shandong in 2002, Revival of Ten Haizi written by a candidate in Beijing in 2003, Season of Chrysanthemum Fragrance written by a candidate in Chongqing in 2004, Alone in a Tall Building and Chrysanthemum written by a candidate in Hebei in 2005. Tears are the perfect compositions of Sichuan candidates in 2005, such as On the Forgotten and the Forgotten Cross-Strait, Su Wu Forever, etc. Many candidates have written several similar articles, citing the deeds of celebrities on any topic, especially the deeds of writers such as Li Bai, Tao Yuanming and Su Shi, and a large number of teachers have marked the papers? Big head? Composition.
(3) Apply popular materials. What has just appeared in life is of course new. If most candidates use it, they will lose their freshness, and using argumentative papers in the examination room is a taboo? Get together? . For example, in recent years, it is good for CCTV to launch award-winning words that touched China characters every year, but people are so familiar with them that they have become the material for the majority of candidates to recite. Some candidates write any composition with the winning words of people who touched China in those years, and almost all the winning words have become? General argument? .
A writer once said that the first person who compares a woman to a flower is a genius, the second person who compares a woman to a flower is a mediocrity, and the third person who compares a woman to a flower is a fool. Liu Yong said in Creation and Elaboration:? The first person creates, the second person elaborates and the third person imitates. ? If you blindly apply it, but don't know how to innovate, blindly? Nazism? , can only make their thinking rigid, how to write innovative articles? Candidates must form the good habit of reading and reporting frequently, accumulate diligently and constantly enrich themselves? Material library? In writing, you can master it, and you can write innovative articles.
Second, avoid blind lyricism and false feelings.
Topic composition mainly examines students' language expression ability and ideological understanding level. Some candidates can't write a deep understanding of the phenomenon reflected in the topic, so they use lyric paragraphs to make up the numbers. This kind of blind lyrical writing mostly comes from the popular perfect score composition of college entrance examination or the so-called wonderful paragraphs published in some newspapers, such as: there is no deep blue sky, but there can be elegant white clouds. Without the magnificence of the sea, there can be the elegance of the stream. Without the fragrance of Yuan Ye, there can be lush grass, which has nothing to do with the discussion of topic composition. Candidates only think it is very literary, so they use it, and the result is counterproductive.
There are also some candidates who don't have rich accumulation at ordinary times, lack a deep understanding of the topic, improvise some sentences during the exam, or praise the teacher's hard work to win the favor of the marking teacher, or publish false, big and empty comments with the current politics, and so on. For example, in 2005, a candidate in Liaoning wrote the second paragraph of "Flowers are redder this year than last year":
This year, the number of candidates has increased to160,000, an increase of several hundred percentage points over the same period last year. What does this mean? What does it mean? It means that revitalizing the Northeast needs our strength. This gratifying figure is gestating infinite vitality, and our Liaoning Province has taken another step forward and is still firmly at the top of the three northeastern provinces. As the saying goes:? The waves behind the Yangtze River push the waves ahead, and each generation is stronger than the next. ? The post-80s generation has the confidence to surpass their predecessors, the ability to complete various assigned tasks, and the determination to write brilliant history for our province and even the motherland!
This passage seems to be deductive, but it is actually a typical fake, big and empty article. Finally, it was judged as four types of volumes, which was not wronged at all.
Argumentative essay is not lyric prose. Lyric words should be as few as possible, and you must never whine and pretend to be deep. Can't be simple-minded, grandstanding and false.
Third, avoid listing cases without analysis.
Enumerating examples refers to the situation that when candidates write a composition, they move out a short story from some popular, low-level and vulgar reading articles and recite it one by one in the composition. There are too few or no paragraphs in the discussion, and finally only one or two sentences are used to link the topic.
Argumentative prose is mainly about discussion, and the examples written should be summarized and vivid, with proper analysis and discussion. This phenomenon of replacing analysis with examples reflects the current situation that some candidates have a low level of understanding and can't analyze. Such candidates should learn dialectical analysis, read more standard argumentative papers and master the general methods of analyzing problems. After enumerating examples, we must analyze the topic, so that the article always revolves around the central argument. There are three main ways to deduce the topic of a paragraph: first sentence deduction, discussion descriptive deduction and conclusive deduction. Candidates who are prone to make mistakes in enumerating examples should pay special attention to learning to finish sentences and deduct questions, such as a passage in the perfect composition "Show Win-Win Wisdom" in Shandong in 2005:
This reminds me of a wise old fruit farmer. He has been studying new varieties of fruit trees for decades, and he finally succeeded. It is puzzling that he gave his grades to his neighbors door to door. Under his guidance, all orchards in the village were planted with his fine varieties. Someone asked him curiously, and he replied: I did it for my own fruit tree. If my neighbors still use old varieties, my fruit trees will also be polluted by the spread of pollen. ? His words make people suddenly realize that his practice not only preserves the purity of his own fruit tree quality, but also enables neighbors to obtain new varieties, enjoy progress with others and make themselves more perfect. Isn't this a win-win wisdom?
At the end of this paragraph, the examinee briefly discusses the above example and uses a sentence? Isn't this a win-win wisdom? Deduction questions; If you don't have the last few sentences, you will make the mistake of citing examples.
Fourth, avoid unknown patterns and write articles at will.
Unknown mode means that some candidates are not familiar with the structural mode of argumentative essays, and the composition or listed materials are not well connected or too one-sided. Many candidates write argumentative essays without an outline, and they can write wherever they want. Some candidates even commit the taboo of writing in the examination room and cross out one or two paragraphs, which is related to the unclear composition mode of candidates.
There are three common structural modes of argumentative writing: juxtaposition, extension and contrast. The so-called juxtaposition means that there is a juxtaposition relationship between paragraphs in the main body of the composition. For example, in 2005, Sichuan perfect score composition "Smoke flies with the wind, name flows with history" adopts a parallel structure; The so-called extension refers to the progressive relationship between the paragraphs in the main part of the composition, such as the road to learning demons, a perfect composition in Jiangsu province in 2005; The so-called contrast is the contrast between the main paragraphs of the composition, such as the full-mark composition "Believe in yourself and trust others" in Shandong Province in 2004. When writing an argumentative essay, candidates should carefully read the topic and establish the structural model of their composition, such as using quasi-subtitles in parallel structure, turning sentences or turning words in extended structure, using positive and negative examples and analysis in comparison, and paying attention to the use of turning sentences.
5. bogey? Draw a dragon without eyes? , dragonfly water.
? Draw a dragon without eyes? Borrowing idioms to make the finishing point means that some candidates' argumentative essays lack or have no in-depth discussion, just like at the end of the article? Dragonfly water? After reading the topic, it is easy to make people feel that it has little to do with the topic, and it is judged to be off topic or playing the ball. The most typical one is the essay "Human feelings and festivals" written by Fei Yingying, a candidate from Nanjing, Jiangsu Province in 2003. The student's father is a literary critic. In the first Global Chinese Youth Writing Essay Contest, the student impressed all the judges with a platform, and finally stood out from 80,000 contestants and won the first prize. Her writing level is not high, but she only got 25 points in the college entrance examination composition. Although there was controversy at that time, the marking teachers agreed that the score was reasonable. The marking teacher believes that the failure of this article lies in the inaccurate examination of the questions and the failure to analyze the relationship between them. From the teacher's point of view, the failure of this composition lies in the insufficient discussion at the end and close connection with the topic. As a result, the well-drawn dragon has no eyes and certainly can't fly. Many candidates' argumentative essays have similar defects.
To avoid it? Draw a dragon without eyes? Candidates should do it. No matter what structural model is adopted, the last part of the argumentative paper (mostly the last two paragraphs) must be related to the topic, and the topic should be accurately deducted for in-depth discussion. Three hairs on the cheek? Can make the article more exciting, and the chances of candidates getting high marks will also increase. For example, in 2005, the last two paragraphs of Shandong perfect score composition "Other people's scenery, your dream":
In fact, heaven and hell are not far apart. Not for others, but for yourself, this is called hell; Not only for ourselves, but also for others, we can achieve a win-win situation through mutual assistance. This is called Heaven. Get out of the ego and find a win-win situation, and you will go from hell to heaven.
Remember, only when you decorate other people's scenery will others decorate your dreams; If you want others to decorate your dreams, you must learn to decorate other people's scenery. Because the world is a harmonious whole and a win-win existence.
The first paragraph follows the above examples of hell and heaven to discuss and deepen the theme; The theme and topic of the second paragraph make the structure of the article more rigorous. If the first paragraph is missing, the depth of this composition will be greatly reduced, and even it will not enter the first-class volume. What does this mean? Make the finishing point? The importance of.
In short, the above five situations often appear when candidates write argumentative essays. The author is not superficial, so I would like to use this article as a reference for correction.
The above is the writing guide for argumentative writing in high school brought by the composition column. I hope to inspire your writing and write a good article.
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