1, the characteristics of construction quality
Compared with the quality of general products, the quality of construction projects has some particularities: it is difficult to be found in many aspects, the final inspection operation is difficult, the social environment is greatly affected, and the construction period is long.
1. 1 is affected by many factors.
The quality of construction projects is influenced by many factors, both objective and subjective, which are mainly reflected in drawing design, selection of building materials, external environment, management of machinery and equipment, and quality of construction personnel. Different people involved in the construction project will have a great influence on the quality of the construction project. To sum up, it has the characteristics of many influencing factors.
1.2 is not easy to find, and the final inspection operation is difficult.
At present, there is basically no problem on the surface of building engineering, but there are quality hidden dangers in concrete and steel bars in essence. These problems are difficult to be detected by naked eyes or even related instruments in the final inspection, which brings considerable difficulties to the final inspection.
1.3 has a great impact on the social environment.
It is not only the users of buildings that are closely related to all aspects of construction projects, but the whole society. The quality of construction projects directly affects people's production and life and the sustainable development of society.
2. Factors affecting the quality of construction projects
2. 1 personnel factors
People are the most important factor in the process of building engineering, and they are decisive for all links. The planning, decision-making, design and construction that affect the whole project quality need the support of personnel quality.
2.2 engineering materials
Engineering materials generally refer to all materials needed by construction engineering entities, and the selection and use of materials will directly affect the quality of the project.
2.3 mechanical equipment
Mechanical equipment has a great influence on the engineering quality, and a high-quality mechanical equipment can ensure the engineering quality. Usually, mechanical equipment is divided into construction mechanical equipment and engineering entity equipment, which has a direct impact on the quality of the project.
2.4 process method
Technology is very important to the engineering quality. An advanced technology can improve the quality of engineering buildings. This technology is mainly divided into technical methods and construction technical operation methods. In the process of construction, how to define the division of construction interval and the sequence of construction flow direction has great influence on the quality of the project. Constantly improving the process method can better improve the level of technology and help improve the quality of the project.
2.5 Environmental conditions
Environmental conditions have a direct impact on the quality of the project, such as the cold external environment directly affects the quality of the project, and there are also some objective external environments, such as engineering geography and hydrology. The quality of engineering working environment directly affects the quality of workers' work, and simplicity affects the quality of engineering. Environmental conditions usually have an unusual influence on project quality.
3, construction quality control measures
Through the analysis of the above factors, we can see that improving the quality level of construction projects can be accomplished through the following aspects:
1) dynamically control the quality of construction projects.
Quality control of construction projects is an important part of construction management, which requires us to dynamically control the quality of construction projects to ensure the quality of construction projects. This dynamic control has great advantages over traditional static control. Quality management can be better realized.
2) Adhere to the principle of putting prevention first.
The best way to control the construction project is to nip in the bud, nip in the bud, so as to ensure the quality of the project.
3) Improve the quality responsibility system of construction projects.
All parties to the construction project shall bear corresponding responsibilities according to the Regulations on Quality Management of Construction Projects and relevant regulations.
(1) Quality responsibility of survey and design units
The construction unit of the survey and design unit can only undertake the corresponding construction tasks within the scope permitted by its qualification grade, and it is forbidden to subcontract the contracted business to others or contract the project by means in violation of the law, nor can it contract the project in the name of other units because of insufficient qualification, let alone provide convenience for others to contract the project.
(2) the quality responsibility of the project owner
This kind of quality responsibility consciousness is mainly the quality responsibility consciousness of the project owner. Before the project starts, it is necessary to carefully select qualified related units, sign corresponding quality contracts, clarify responsibilities, and provide more comprehensive information about construction projects. The supplier must carry out the construction in accordance with the relevant regulations, select the object through legal bidding, and the project owner shall bear corresponding responsibilities for the quality problems of the design and construction unit he chooses.
(3) Quality responsibility of engineering supervision unit
Engineering supervision units shall do what they can, undertake relevant business within the scope of qualification grade, and shall not exceed the scope of qualification grade, undertake projects under the guise of other relevant units, subcontract supervision business to others, or report the supervision business undertaken by their own units to other units and individuals. The project supervision unit shall strictly abide by the relevant laws and industry quality standards, and sign a supervision contract with the project legal person in accordance with the relevant contract, so as to help the project legal person supervise the project quality and bear relevant responsibilities.
(4) the quality responsibility of the construction unit
For the construction unit, it must have the qualification to undertake various engineering tasks within the scope of qualification, and it is forbidden to subcontract or subcontract through various contracts and regulations. At the same time, it is not allowed to provide convenience for others to undertake construction projects for those whose qualifications are not strong enough. The construction unit shall be responsible for the construction quality of the contracted projects. Establish a perfect quality supervision system to ensure quality control. When determining the person in charge of each link of the construction project, we can put the responsibility on everyone to ensure the quality of the construction project.
4. Conclusion
Through the introduction of the above contents, especially some suggestions, I hope these experiences can only be used for reference by technicians who are active in the front line of construction engineering technology control. The quality control of construction engineering is a complicated process, and only by doing all the links well can the best effect be achieved. If we can carefully analyze and adopt effective working methods in this complex project, we can reduce many "wasting people and money" behaviors in the construction industry and subtly improve the construction quality and level of China's construction industry.