Read the following classical Chinese and complete 1-5 questions.

Zheng, a native of Puyang, recognized that his left thumb had a red rash, swollen and millet. If you doubt it, people will laugh and think it is not enough. Three days later, it's like money. Trouble is very nourishing, and it can be seen and laughed as before. On the third day, my thumb was sore, my fingers near my thumb were sore, and my body and heart were sick. I dare not see a doctor, and the doctor did. I was shocked and said, "Although the disease is in my fingers, it is actually a disease. If I don't treat it quickly, it will hurt my health. However, at the beginning, it can be good all day; Three days, and ten days to recover; Today's illness and success cannot be cured in March. Healing all day long, Aike is also; The more you heal, the more the medicine can heal; As for what has been completed, it will even extend to the liver diaphragm, or it will be one arm long. Unless there is a royal family inside, its potential will not stop; There is no medicine to cure, and the disease is not easy. " You listen to him and take decoction every day, while Fu (5) takes good medicine, which will bring fruit in February and fruit in March.

The rest of the reason is thinking: things in the world often happen in the slightest place, and eventually they are all disasters; At first, people thought it was incurable, but in the end, it was impossible. When it is easy, cherish the power of a day and ignore it; And its achievements, years of thinking, and only grams, so many people refer to it. (Fang Xiaoru's "Knowing")

Note ① grip: four inches is a grip. ② lǔ incarnation: spine. ③chūu: recovery from illness. ④ Hepatic diaphragm: refers to human internal organs. ⑤ Fu: Tu.

1. In the following sentences, the two incorrect explanations are ().

A. Fear and seek medical treatment (planning) B. It will even extend to the liver diaphragm (spreading)

C. Illness is hard to do (change) D. Accumulate years, think about it, and only overcome (eliminate)

2. The two words with the same meaning in the following sentences are ()

A. Take decoction every day, while Fu Yishan and Xu Yi should be scooped with oil.

B. If you don't treat him quickly, he will hurt Yugong in Beishan. He is 90 years old.

C. Although the disease lies in the fingers, in fact, although a person has hundreds of hands, the first hand also has hundreds of fingers.

D. All day long, Ai Kezhi is also a soldier of Sanjin, brave and agile.

3. Add "zhi" to the following sentence, which means that the wrong one is ().

A. I'm worried. Show it to others (referring to "thumb disease")

B. Remaining cause is thought (meaning "truth caused")

C. cherish the power of a day and ignore it (referring to "various diseases")

D. Over the years, I never tire of thinking about it, but I can only overcome it (referring to "disaster")

4. Write the meaning of the following sentences in modern Chinese.

(1) You doubt it, show it to people, and people laugh and think it's not enough.

(2) At first, I thought it was not enough, but finally I thought it was impossible.

5. What is the opinion of this article about Jun Zheng's treatment of thumb disease? Please give a simple answer in your own words.

Reference answer

1. A c

2. type 2.AB blood

3.C

Jun Zheng wasn't sure what it was, so he showed it to others, and everyone laughed, thinking it was not worth worrying about. (2) At first, it was considered unworthy of rectification, and finally it could not be rectified.

Things in the world often start from tiny places, but if we don't pay attention to them, it may lead to irreparable disasters.

translate

There is a young man named Joe Cheng Bian in Puyang County. He has a rash on his left thumb, the size of a grain of rice. Jun Zheng is afraid to show it to others. Everyone who saw it laughed and felt that it was not worth worrying about. Three days later, the rash was as big as a copper coin. He was even more anxious. He showed it to others and smiled at him as before. After another three days, the thumb was swollen as big as a fist, and the fingers close to the thumb were hurt by it. Like a knife, the limbs, heart and back bones did not hurt. Jun Zheng was afraid, so he went to consult a doctor. When the doctor saw it, he was shocked and said, "This is a strange and intractable disease. Although it is on the fingers, it has actually become a disease that affects the whole body. If you don't treat it quickly, you will lose your life. But in the early stage of the disease, it can be cured in one day, and after three days of the disease, it will take ten days to cure; Now that the disease has formed, it can't be cured in less than three months. A good day's treatment needs herbs. Just use wormwood! It will be fine in ten days, and only herbs can be used. When the condition is serious, it may even spread to the liver and diaphragm, otherwise it may lead to disability of one arm. Unless it can be treated from the inside, the disease will not stop, and it will not be easy to cure unless it is treated from the outside! " Jun Zheng listened to his words, oral liquid medicine every day, effective drugs for external use. Sure enough, it will take two months, and it will take three months to recover. So I think that accidents in the world usually happen in extremely subtle and hidden places, and finally become a huge disaster. It's not worth dealing with at first, but it will become unmanageable in the end. When it happens at first and is easy to handle, we tend to spare a little energy and ignore it without care. When the disaster formed, it took a long time, exhausted our brains and ourselves, and we could only overcome it. There are so many things happening in the world, such as this thumb! We can say that what ordinary people can know can naturally be handled by ordinary people. Although it seems critical in this case, it is not worth worrying too much. It's just that ordinary people don't worry about what happened. At first, they were hidden and invisible. Ordinary people treated it with a joking attitude and ignored it. This is deeply feared by gentlemen.

2. The answer to reading classical Chinese is given by a friend (1), one guest loses several (2), miscalculates (3), and is easy to set (4), thinking that he can't catch himself (5). Clear (6), the guest asks and gives it to the game (7), which is quite easy to give (8). Just after counting (9), the guest has got the first hand (10). The game is half done, which is good for your thinking (1 1), but the wisdom of the guests remains. In fact, the number of games is (12), and the customer wins thirteen, which is a long story (13). Later, I was invited to watch the game, and I just sat silently all day. Modern scholars (14) are ashamed of the mistakes of the ancients when they read ancient books (15); Living in the present (16) is also called suffering. People can't lose everything (17), but I can lose everything if I try to find another place (18) and be calm (19). I can know other people's mistakes, but I can't see mine. I can point out other people's small mistakes, but I can't see my big ones. I beg for what I lost (2 1), so I have no time to talk about people! The advantages and disadvantages of the game are fixed (22), and the loss of one move (23) is seen by everyone, although the former cannot be taboo (24). Where reason lies, each is what it is and each is not what it is (25). Without Confucius (26), who can determine the truth of right and wrong (27)? However, the loser is not necessarily (28), and the person who has nothing to lose is not necessarily a big loser, but when they despise each other (29), the person who has watched the game is not (30). [2] I watched a chess game at my friend's house. A guest lost many times, and I laughed at his miscalculation. I've been trying to change pieces for him, thinking that he can't catch up with himself. After a while, the guest asked to play chess with me, and I looked down on him. Just playing a few pieces, the guests have gained the initiative. At the end of the game, I thought hard, but the guests were relaxed. Finally, the chess pieces of both sides were calculated, and the guest beat me by thirteen. I am too ashamed to speak. After being invited to watch chess, I just sat and watched silently all day. People who study now, reading the books of the ancients, often criticize the mistakes of the ancients; Now I get along with people and like to say other people's faults. People can't be without mistakes, but try to exchange places with each other and calmly estimate that you really have no mistakes? I can recognize other people's mistakes, but I can't see my own. I can point out other people's small mistakes, but I can't see my own big ones. I have no time to check my own mistakes. Where can I talk about others? The level of chess is standard. People can see every mistake, even if they want to defend their previous mistakes, they can't hide it. On the issue of rationality, everyone agrees with what he thinks is right, and everyone opposes what he thinks is incorrect. There is no saint like Confucius in the world. Who can judge true right or wrong? Then other people's mistakes are not necessarily gains, and their own mistakes are not necessarily big mistakes. It's just that everyone laughs at each other and even the players are not as good as when they don't stop.

Annotation of works

(1) Yi: Playing chess. Place: place, place to live. (2) number (shuò): repeated. (3) Laugh at his miscalculation: Laugh at his improper plan. (4) It is easy to get rid of a person's desire: I just want to play chess instead of him, which means playing chess for others. Simple and easy to replace. (5) catch (dài): and catch up. (6) for a while. (7) game: playing chess. Chessboard, chessboard. Play a game of chess at a time. (8) Zhiyi: (despise it) think it's easy. (9) Just now. (10) First hand: the active situation in chess. (1 1) Yiku: It's more difficult. It means it's hard to come up with a pattern. (12) Number of matches (shǔ): Count the number of pieces in the last set (to decide the outcome). Actually, it's over (13) Yun (n M: I'm ashamed. Hey, blush. (14) reader: a person who studies. (15) (zǐ): Defamation. (16) ju: get along. (17) solid: originally. (18) Switch places: Switch places with each other. (19) relax (duó): a sober guess, estimate. (20) fruit: true. (2 1) Too busy: No time, too busy. (22) Advantages and disadvantages: (chess) level. Determination: determination, an accepted standard. (23) One trick (zhāo): Take one trick. (24) Pre-protection: protecting previous mistakes, generally referring to justifying a fault. Biography of the Three Kingdoms Huan Zhu: "Those who fail to protect themselves are ashamed of being inferior." (25) Each has its own place, and each has its own place: agree with those who are self-righteous and oppose those who think they are incorrect. (26) No Confucius: refers to the sage without great wisdom. (27) the truth of right and wrong: the real right and wrong. (28) Loss: It means that it seems wrong on the surface. D: It means that the truth is correct. There is no time: it is endless. (30) Zeng (zēng) is not as good as the chess watcher: even the chess watchers can't catch up. Once, but unexpectedly. If not, so much the better. Yes, the same as "Yi".

3. The reading answers of the classical Chinese Japanese are mostly unknown in the south. The sun and water live together. At the age of seven, you can swim, at the age of ten, you can float, but at the age of fifteen, you can't. If you don't have a husband, how can it be miserable? There must be a way to get water. Living in the sun and water, at the age of fifteen, you get the Tao; Students who don't know water, although strong, are also afraid of boats. Therefore, the brave man who combines both sides does not ask who, but asks why there is no one. No river tries to use its language, and no one does not drown. Therefore, those who seek the Tao without learning are those who have learned nothing in the north.

(from Su Shi's Japanese metaphor)

1. "No" means "submerged", so "nobody" means ""in modern Chinese.

2. Swimming has three stages from "involvement" to "involvement" and then to "involvement", and the meaning of "involvement" here can be understood as "involvement".

3. It is said in the article that a good swimmer is "the way to get water", and the general idea of this sentence is ............ ()

A. find reasons to cross the water.

B. know the methods and rules of swimming.

C. I figured out the truth about swimming.

D. being taught by people who can swim.

People who can't swim just swim according to other people's experience and are not drowned. This meaning in the original sentence is.

5. The underlined sentences in the text are () sentences, and the general idea can be translated.

6. The author of this article uses metaphor to reason. Mark the central sentence that embodies this truth with wavy lines.

Reference answer

1. In modern Chinese, "nobody" refers to people who can dive.

2. From "wading" to "floating" and then to "nothing", swimming has three stages, among which "wading" means "crossing the water on foot".

3.b

4. The general idea of "try it with words and never drown" is "swim according to others' experience and never drown."

5. The rhetorical question can be translated into "Can people who can dive do this easily?"

6. The central sentence of this article is "Therefore, those who seek the Tao without learning are those who learn from the North."

4. Read the following classical Chinese and complete the following questions. Enlightened countries are rich, while Song Zhi is poor. Since the Song Dynasty (1), this topic examines the ability to understand the meaning of notional words in classical Chinese. When understanding the meaning of words, we should pay attention to the special usage of classical Chinese words, such as loanwords, flexible use of parts of speech, polysemy, ancient and modern different meanings, etc., which can be accurately distinguished by combining with specific contexts. So he climbed over the wall into the hospital, dug a hole and entered the room. (3) The sentence means: Plant my crops. Breeding: planting. (2) This question examines the ability to distinguish the meaning of a function word in classical Chinese. Ask students to understand the meaning of words on the basis of understanding the main idea of the text and distinguish the meaning of words in different contexts. A. Its: the previous sentence: pronoun, "his". The last sentence: adverb, expressing doubt; B. and: the first sentence: conjunction, indicating a turning point. The last sentence: conjunction, indicating commitment; C: the first sentence: structural auxiliary words, and the last sentence: structural auxiliary words, symbols of preposition objects; D. yes: they are all modal particles at the end of the sentence, indicating judgment. Therefore, the question of choice: D 3 examines the translated sentences. When answering, you should first go back to the context, read the overall meaning of the sentence according to the context, find out the key real words and function words, and see if there are any special sentence patterns, such as judgment sentences, inverted sentences (prepositional objects, adverbial postpositions), passive sentences, rhetorical questions, etc. "Death" means "nothing". That sentence means: (he) can get what he can see with his hands, and there is nothing he can't steal. The key words in the sentence are: "If", you; "Conviction", conviction; Who do you blame (hate) for being convicted of stealing these things? (4) This question examines the understanding of the content of the text. The key to answering this question is to grasp the main idea of the article on the basis of understanding the content of the text. According to the requirements of the topic and the information prompted, sort out the content, find out the relevant sentences and understand them. With the help of natural conditions, Guo used natural resources to get rich through labor, which is an act of taking the road of justice. Answer: (1)① Yu: I understand; 2 over: over; (3) Breeding: planting. (2) D. (3) (1) He doesn't steal what he can get with his hands and see with his eyes. You were convicted of stealing these things. Who do you resent (hate)? (4) With the help of natural conditions and natural resources, getting rich through labor is an act of following the path of justice.

5. Reading Comprehension of Classical Chinese (IV) (1) Gu Yuemiao said that Gu Yue was the same age as Wen Jian, but he had long since become a scholar. Wen Jian (1) Gu Yuemiao said that Gu Yue was in the same year as Wen Jian, but he was long gone. Wen Jian said, "Why did you become white first?" Yes: "Liu Pu's posture overlooks autumn; The posture of pine and cypress, the lush frost. " 1. The idiom in this article is: first frost is lush. To make a metaphor, although it has been honed over the years, its mind is more determined. (2) Every time an afterlife singer comes, he says, "I can't do it." This is also a big fallacy. What can be done is not met. Also, when you do something, you don't need to say, "Wait till tomorrow." This is also a big fallacy. If you do everything, you will do it. If you follow blindly, it will be a big mistake in your life. Mr. Jia Hetan has the most wonderful "Song of Tomorrow", which is attached here: "Tomorrow is tomorrow, how many tomorrows there are, and I wait for tomorrow, and everything is in vain! If people are tired of tomorrow, they will go to Qiu Lai in spring to watch the flowing water and the sunset at dusk. What will tomorrow be like in a hundred years? Please listen to my song of tomorrow. " 1. This article is a typical argumentative paper. In view of the phenomenon that young scholars flinch and procrastinate when encountering problems, the article puts forward (what will tomorrow be like in a hundred years? ), and then use the song of tomorrow as an argument (fill in the argument method). 2. What do you think this article should warn us? A: Time flies, time flies. Youth is fleeting. Please cherish your youth and don't wait for the boss to sigh! (3) Tao Kan Xigu Tao Kan tasted a trip and saw a man holding a handful of unripe rice and asked, "What's the use?" As the saying goes, "what you see in the street is what you hear." Kan was furious and said, "You're not farming, you're stealing rice!" Stick to it and push it on. It means that the people are industrious in farming, and the family has given them enough. 1. The following sentence is translated according to the fact that people are industrious in farming. Because of this, people are (more) diligent about agriculture. () means to supplement sentence elements according to the context. 2. What is the author's attitude towards Tao Kan? What are the characteristics of this article in Tao Kan? A: The author of this article appreciates Tao Kan very much. This paper shows Tao Kan's personality characteristics of cherishing the fruits of labor and regarding waste as a crime.

6. Food Metaphor —— Interpretation of China's classical food metaphor.

(1) Liu Nanyuan, minister of the state dynasty, retired to his former residence. Those who point to making ② eat harshly, submit to the official ③, and the counties and counties suffer. The duke said, "This is my student, so I should tell him."

As soon as he received the money (4), he said, "I want to set a seat, so I booked this meal for fear of interfering with my official business." But my wife is gone, there is no gige, and home-cooked meals can be eaten, right? " Pointing at the teacher's life, I dare not quit.

(3) Since the morning, the meal hasn't come out yet, pointing to hunger. It's better than eating, but only take off small rice and tofu, and each person eats three bowls, pointing to feel full.

(4) Later, delicious food, you can't eat it until it is left on the market. The public said strongly, "I'm full, I can't." Gong smiled and said, "It can be seen that drinking ⑥ is not refined. It is easy to eat when you are hungry, difficult to taste when you are full, and difficult to make ears. "

Teach him a lesson, and then dare not blame others. (Selected from the Compilation of Yesterday's Non-buddhist nun Day, Volume 9)

[Note] ① Liu Nanyuan (yuán) refers to Liu Lin, a former minister of the Ming Dynasty. Direct ambassador: official name. 3 Subordinate: Subordinate. The fourth paragraph: hospitality. 5 fixtures: cooking. ⑥zhàn: diet. ⑦ (ū n): This refers to dinner. This refers to eating.

7. The phrase with different meanings in the following sentences is () (2 points)

A. three bowls of vegetables per person are not enough.

B. I haven't seen the rising moon since noon in the morning and in the pavilion at midnight.

C. I dare not resign and do more work in the army.

D. List the surplus before the surplus

8. The following words "Xiang" and "Learn from the teacher" have the same meaning and usage: () (2 points)

A. don't be content. B. smoke. C. the road of loyalty and advice is also D. the people in the territory do not take the border.

9. Translate the following sentences in modern Chinese. (4 points)

(1) is better than eating, but it is only a device to remove millet, rice and tofu.

Translation:

(2) point to the instructions, and then dare not blame others.

Translation:

10. After reading this article, we can see the advantages of direct pointing. His teacher has

The advantages of. (2 points)

Reference answer:

7.(2 points) b

8.(2 points) A.

9.(4 points) (1) When the dish arrived, I looked up and saw only a pot of husked coarse rice and a pot of tofu. (Keywords: ratio, only) (2) Pointing at it makes me understand that the teacher is punishing myself. From then on, he never dared to blame his subordinates for their food requirements. (Keywords: Yu, Yi) (2 points per sentence, meaning right)

10.(2 points) (pointing to make) Correcting mistakes (with similar meaning) (Teacher liu ling) is well-educated and good at inspiring students. (meaning close)