Writing methods of political papers

I. Existing Problems and Countermeasures

1 missing new ". Mainly manifested in the idea is not new, the idea is not new, the material is not new, the information of the times can not be written, and there is no independent opinion of its own, which makes the small paper look "general", without characteristics and lack of new ideas. Therefore, we should pay attention to the new idea of 1. Where do new ideas come from? From the torrent of the times, from real life. Therefore, we should make a serious investigation and in-depth analysis based on some new situations and problems arising from the reform and opening up in real life.

Need new ideas. The angle of the article should be novel and unconventional. Don't copy others' words, avoid the "platitudes" approach, and try to give people new enlightenment with your own unique opinions. For example, spring outing is a group activity that many students have participated in. Spring outing essays are generally praise for the great rivers and mountains of the motherland and the great achievements of reform and opening up. For example, from a new perspective, the author conducted an in-depth investigation from the perspective of middle school students' lavish spending on spring outing, and analyzed the source of money and why they spent so much money. This paper probes into the essence of the problem from the superficial phenomenon, and puts forward how to put an end to the extravagance in the new situation and let the traditional virtue of thrift be inherited and carried forward by the younger generation. This view is unique and can give people new enlightenment.

3 the materials should be new. The materials used in the article should be selected from recent social phenomena. In particular, people pay attention to hot issues, hot topics or new materials that can cause people to think, but are not easily concerned by people.

2 lack of essence. "The main manifestations are: too many materials are selected, and the papers are getting longer and longer, which runs counter to the requirements of' short and pithy'. In this regard, it should be noted that

1 The topic of the paper should be small and specific. Some students' thesis topics are too big, such as "Integrating Theory with Practice", "On Economic System Reform" and "On the Value of Life". The level of students is limited, the topics are too big, and there are too many materials to choose. If the article is too long, it will be empty if it is written less, and it will be difficult to explain the problem and meet the requirements of small papers. So the topic should not be too big, just pick one. For example, "Good medicine tastes bitter" and "refuting Meng Mu's three major movements" should focus on the big picture, start small, and strive to see the big picture from small.

Two votes should be accurate. To write a short paper, you must have rich and true materials. But so many materials can't be moved up. Otherwise, one material is connected with another, just like keeping a running account, which is long and boring. Therefore, it is necessary to deal with these rich and conclusive materials. The selected materials should closely follow the viewpoint of the article, be representative, typical and vivid, so as to write a good article. & lt/DIV & gt；

& ltDIV & gt(& ltFONT face="Times New Roman " >3 & lt/FONT & gt； ) The words used in the article should be concise, and the writing of small papers should be serious and not sloppy. Every sentence in the article should be theme-oriented, not rambling, irrelevant or even off topic above Wan Li. Many students, after writing the first draft, feel relieved, throw it aside without reading or modifying it, copy it down and give it to the teacher, or make up a short story to make up a certain number of words. The quality of such a small paper is definitely not high. To this end, after writing the first draft, you should read it several times, revise it repeatedly, scrutinize it carefully, delete redundant words and correct wrong sentences.

3 owed. " Things are out of touch, that is, there is no connection between factual materials and theories, and it is impossible to have a proper discussion. Writing a small paper requires one thing, one discussion, one arrangement and one blending. Clear hierarchy and powerful explanation. The so-called "things" are facts and examples; The so-called "reason" refers to the basic principles of philosophy, politics and economics. Generally speaking, we should overcome the following three problems.

1 emphasize "facts" over "theory". Some students plunged into the pile of examples when writing small papers, and the whole article listed many examples and materials like a running account. From war heroes Huang Jiguang, Qiu and Dong Cunrui to uncle Lei Feng who serves the people wholeheartedly ... sometimes it looks vivid, but the article lacks basic theoretical analysis and loses the characteristics of small papers, which makes people read aimlessly and even unintelligible, giving people a feeling of boasting and being empty. To this end, it is necessary to extract the essence from the mastered materials, analyze them from the outside to the inside, select typical cases, and make the truth of the cases clear, so that the theme of the essay is clear and enlightening. & lt/DIV & gt；

& ltDIV & gt(& ltFONT face="Times New Roman " >2 & lt/FONT & gt； ) emphasize that "theory" is better than "fact". Some students think that since it is a small paper, it always seems that the stronger the theory, the better. This article is full of allusions. There are many reasons, but there are few examples to prove it, so that from theory to theory, it is endless empty talk, and the article lacks explanatory power. In this regard, we should understand that facts speak louder than words, and choose convincing examples to let the facts speak, which will receive unexpected results. & lt/DIV & gt；

& ltDIV & gt(& ltFONT face="Times New Roman " >3 & lt/FONT & gt； ) Theories and examples all come from childbirth, and it is impossible to combine things. The integration of fact and fact refers to the organic connection between theory and fact. Putting facts and reasoning can accurately apply the basic principles of Marxism and properly analyze the problems encountered in study, work and life. When students write small papers, there is a common problem: first write a theory, and then add an example in a formulaic way; Or write an example first, and then come to a routine theory, just like water and oil mixed together, "grading." Can't do things in harmony. In order to overcome this problem, we should pay attention to the unity of things, lead to truth through examples, or analyze examples with reason, not just telling examples or reasoning. A good essay should not only have vivid examples, but also have the author's own views. It should make sense when stating facts, infiltrate reasoning when stating facts, combine narration with discussion, and achieve the integration of facts and reasons.

Second, some experiences in writing political papers 1 Love life. Love is the best teacher. A person who loves life and downplays it can't write fascinating articles when a monk knocks at the door every day. Loving life means asking students to care about China's reform, opening up and socialist modernization, and to find the source of life and creation from the fiery social life. You can't be cynical all day, blame others, complain about the untimely life, and look at the society with a mirror. This is not only a question of life attitude, but also a very important position, which is directly related to intention. Life without ambition, low level of thought, low intention. What's the use of rhetoric if the idea is not high and correct? In today's era, we should praise the main theme of society, of course, not to say that we can't touch individual ugly phenomena. We should learn to absorb materials from social life and fully possess them. You cannot make a silk purse out of a sow's ear. Materials are not only the basis of forming opinions, but also the pillar of expressing opinions. With the reform, opening up and modernization, rich and colorful social life contains incomparably rich mineral resources of writing materials, which is an inexhaustible source of small thesis writing. Of course, it is not that the more materials, the more popular they are, but it is absolutely impossible to write a convincing composition without materials.

Be a conscientious person in life and be good at extracting themes from life. "put your heart first" and "pay attention to learning everywhere" Living in the same school, some students wrote, and some students couldn't. A very important reason is the lack of observation, feeling and thinking. Any insightful political paper, from topic selection, theme establishment to article writing, is based on a deep understanding of real life, calm analysis, careful argumentation and correct conception. Only by going deep into the depths of life and observing and experiencing with your heart can you achieve what you see and know. In particular, we should be good at feeling things that others can't feel, so as to achieve "no one has me, and people have me new." The deeper and more unique a person's feelings are, the more distinctive the personality of the essay is and the higher its value is. Beginners should start with familiar things around them, foster strengths and avoid weaknesses, choose writing materials from the places with the richest life foundation, and choose materials according to the needs of expressing and demonstrating the theme. Only by choosing authentic and accurate materials, materials that are typical, novel, vivid, can profoundly remind the essence of things, have broad representation and strong explanatory power, can we grasp the pulse of the times in time. Prevent the phenomenon of listing facts and piling up materials. Enlightenment from Hometown Changes, which won the first prize in the National Essay Contest of "Knowing the Country and Love China", was inspired by the author's in-depth investigation and understanding of the changes in his hometown. The author didn't stop at his simple feelings for his hometown, but dug deep to find the foundation of change, keenly discovered the problems existing in rural areas of developing countries, and raised his love for his hometown to his love for the socialist motherland and the party's policy of enriching the people. Another article, Zou Yun, you are so lucky, was written by the young author after observing a group of touching scenes in the 2008 Spring Festival Evening. It can be seen that the little author is indeed a conscientious person in life, and he is very good at capturing the moments in life and sublimating them to make them eternal. There are many small papers that examine family, school and social life from the unique perspective of "I", highlighting the word "small" to see the big.

How to write a structured abstract of a paper

[Keywords:] Abstract structure

Health News: Editorial Department of China Spine and Spinal Cord Magazine

At present, the abstracts of sci-tech periodicals are required to be written in the form of structured abstracts, that is, the purpose, method, result and conclusion are clearly written. In view of the shortcomings of some authors in abstract writing, the following is a detailed explanation of abstract writing for reference when writing.

Objective: briefly introduce the research background or purpose, summarize it in one or two sentences, and don't simply repeat the existing information in the topic.

Methods: Briefly describe the principles, conditions, materials, subjects and methods used in the study, and explain whether there are any controls, cases or experimental times.

Results: The results and data of experiments and research, as well as the obtained data, need to be statistically processed.

Conclusion: Analyze, compare, evaluate and apply the results, and explain what inspirations or problems and prospects are put forward.

Problems that should be paid attention to in writing abstract: ① objectively and truly reflect the research or work done, without the author's subjective opinions, explanations or comments; (2) Focus on the new content and the author's special viewpoint; (3) exclude the content that has become common sense in this subject; (4) In third-person writing, narrative methods such as "research", "reporting the current situation" and "conducting investigation" should be adopted instead of "this article", "we" and "author". ⑤ Use standardized terms (including place names, organization names and names); ⑥ Abbreviations, abbreviations and codes should be given in Chinese and English when they first appear, unless the readers of this major can clearly understand them; ⑦ The legal units of measurement promulgated by the state should be adopted; Pay attention to the correct use of simplified words and punctuation.

References:

The scope is too wide, and the method is left to you!