Doctor is a degree that marks a person's ability to produce original results or academic ability, and it is the highest degree at present. Having a doctorate or equivalent education means that a person has the ability to enter the academic stage from the learning stage. Below, I will share with you the format reference of the doctoral thesis, hoping to help you!

(1) Title and title)

The title of a paper is the first important information related to the scope and level of the paper. At the same time, it is necessary to compile secondary documents such as titles and indexes, taking into account the specific practical information that can help select keywords and provide retrieval. The topic of the paper is very important and must be carefully chosen. Some people use the following sentence to describe its importance: the title of the paper is half of the article. The requirements for the title of the thesis are: accurate and appropriate; Short and pithy; Proper extension and connotation; Eye-catching

(2) the author's name and department.

This item belongs to the problem of paper signature. The first is to show the responsibility of writing, the second is to record the results of labor, and the third is to facilitate readers to contact the author and literature retrieval (author index). It can be roughly divided into two situations, single-author papers and multi-author papers. The latter is listed as the first author and the second author in the order of signature. It is important to adhere to the attitude of seeking truth from facts, and list those who have made the greatest contribution to research work and thesis writing as the first and second authors, and so on. It is also convenient for readers to contact the author by indicating the author's unit.

(3) Abstract

Papers usually have abstracts, some for international communication, and foreign language (mostly English) abstracts. It is a brief statement of the content of the paper, without comments or comments. Its function is to obtain the necessary information without reading the full text of the paper. The abstract shall include the following contents:

① The purpose and significance of this study;

(2) the main content of the study, which shows what has been done;

(3) The basic conclusions and research results highlight the originality of the paper;

④ The significance of the conclusion or result.

Keywords (keywords)

Keywords belong to a category of subject words. Subject words include not only keywords, but also narrative words with unit words and title words.

Keyword is a new vocabulary of information retrieval language, which is used to describe the theme of literature and give information retrieval. It is precisely because of its appearance and development that it is possible to computerize information retrieval (computer retrieval). Keywords refer to words or phrases that distinguish things by the characteristic relationship of concepts, express in natural language, have collocation function and accurately express the dynamic semantic conceptual relationship between words.

(5) Introduction (Introduction)

Introduction, also known as preface, belongs to the introduction part of the whole paper. The contents of his writing include: reasons, purposes, background, previous work and knowledge gap, theoretical basis and experimental basis, expected results and its position, role and significance in related fields.

The text of the introduction should not be lengthy, the content selection should not be too scattered and trivial, and the wording should be refined to attract readers to continue reading. There is no rigid and uniform regulation on the length of introduction, but it needs to be determined according to the size of the whole paper and the needs of the content of the paper. It can be as long as 700~800 words or 1000 words, or as short as 1000 words.

(6) subject

The text is the theory of a paper, which belongs to the main body of the paper and occupies the largest length of the paper. The creative achievements or new research achievements embodied in this paper will be fully reflected in this part. Therefore, this part requires substantial content, sufficient and reliable arguments, strong arguments and clear themes. In order to meet this series of requirements, but also to achieve the purpose of clear hierarchy and clear context, the text is often divided into several large paragraphs. These paragraphs are called logical segments, and a logical segment can contain several natural segments. Each logical paragraph can have an appropriate title (subtitle or subtitle).

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