City Investment Promotion Bureau: carry out anti-money laundering work in the process of attracting investment to prevent criminals from taking advantage of investment opportunities to engage in trade activities and participate in money laundering activities; Providing suspicious financial transactions suspected of fraud to the Joint Conference Office.
The anti-money laundering supervision of local governments in the process of attracting investment mainly includes on-site inspection, off-site supervision and administrative investigation to evaluate the anti-money laundering compliance of financial institutions and prevent and crack down on money laundering crimes. Because the anti-money laundering work involves a wide range and the situation is complex, and various systems have been initially established, there are still many difficulties in daily anti-money laundering duties, which need urgent attention.
Difficulties in performing their duties First of all, people and financial institutions have limited understanding of anti-money laundering and outdated concepts. On the one hand, the Chinese people are still unfamiliar with the word "money laundering", thinking that "money laundering" is far away from them, and anti-money laundering is a matter of the government, banks and public security laws, and has little to do with themselves; Although some people are familiar with the word "money laundering", it is difficult to find the direct victims of money laundering crimes because of their limited knowledge of anti-money laundering, and they lack the sense of responsibility for anti-money laundering; On the other hand, as a front-line financial institution, financial institutions have anti-money laundering awareness, but lack of initiative. In particular, financial institutions in the securities, futures and insurance industries that have not carried out anti-money laundering work for a long time believe that catching customers and promoting performance are their "main business", while anti-money laundering is more a matter of the People's Bank of China, making anti-money laundering work a mere formality.
Secondly, it is difficult to coordinate short-term conflicts of interest with financial institutions and local governments. On the one hand, in order to carry out anti-money laundering work, financial institutions need to invest costs, but they have not created direct economic benefits, which is contrary to the principle of maximizing profits of financial institutions, making financial institutions lack the motivation for anti-money laundering work; On the other hand, carrying out anti-money laundering work will inevitably require strengthening the examination of customers, which is likely to lead to the loss of customers of financial institutions in today's increasingly fierce competition in the same industry. At the same time, under the circumstances that local governments generally vigorously attract investment, the anti-money laundering work of financial institutions will inevitably strengthen the review of foreign funds, causing local governments' dissatisfaction.
Thirdly, local governments are short of anti-money laundering professionals, and anti-money laundering methods are relatively backward.
Moreover, at present, the anti-money laundering work of the central bank presents a top-down organizational model, and there is a lack of talents with professional knowledge at the grassroots level. Moreover, at present, local governments lack anti-money laundering measures, and it is difficult to effectively supervise the electronic transactions increasingly adopted by financial institutions. In the specific operation, statistics, collection and inspection can only be carried out manually, which has a large workload, low efficiency, narrow supervision time span and inspection area, and poor timeliness, so it is difficult to effectively prevent money laundering.
In addition, there are risk loopholes in the anti-money laundering supervision system, which need to be further integrated and improved. China's financial industry implements a separate supervision system of "one line and three meetings". China Banking Regulatory Commission, China Securities Regulatory Commission and China Insurance Regulatory Commission are responsible for the daily supervision of banks, securities and futures and insurance financial institutions, while China People's Bank is responsible for the anti-money laundering supervision of financial institutions. Because anti-money laundering work is closely related to other risk compliance work of financial institutions, effective supervision of anti-money laundering work of financial institutions must be combined with other risk compliance work. In view of the limited authority, there are inevitably loopholes in the supervision of the financial industry by local governments in anti-money laundering work.
Finally, the anti-money laundering cooperation and coordination mechanism is not smooth enough, which affects the work efficiency. Anti-money laundering involves finance, public security, justice, finance, taxation, customs and other aspects. At present, China's anti-money laundering coordination mechanism is only initially formed, and all departments have not fully assumed their respective rights and obligations, making it difficult to form a social synergy of anti-money laundering work.
Countermeasures and suggestions: first, strengthen anti-money laundering propaganda and raise the anti-money laundering awareness of all walks of life. Local governments should actively strive for the attention and support of local governments for anti-money laundering work, take the lead in organizing financial institutions to publicize on the streets, and publicize anti-money laundering laws and regulations through various forms and channels by using mass radio, internet, television and other media to expand their influence and comprehensively enhance people's anti-money laundering awareness.
Secondly, encourage and coordinate simultaneously to create a good anti-money laundering environment. First, local governments should actively promote business innovation and promote the reform and innovation of regional payment and settlement tools by developing the supervision function of foreign exchange account information system. Improve the enthusiasm and effectiveness of financial institutions in anti-money laundering by meeting the growing service needs of financial institutions and local economies; Second, give some material rewards to those who have made meritorious deeds in investigating and handling money laundering cases, including those from public security, procuratorial organs and other units, as well as informants, and link them with promotion; Third, starting with the establishment of a financial security zone, we should handle the long-term and short-term interest conflicts and coordination between local economic development and anti-money laundering work.
At the same time, strengthen personnel training and scientific and technological innovation, and improve the anti-money laundering supervision level of local governments. First, select a group of talents who know not only finance and management, but also law, computer and foreign languages, enrich them into the anti-money laundering team, and establish a regular business training and talent exchange mechanism; The second is to strengthen the cutting-edge technology of the network, increase the training in electronic payment, computer and English, and realize the incisive analysis and accurate judgment of suspicious transaction data; Third, improve the anti-money laundering software and hardware facilities; Fourth, strengthen internal control, promote management innovation, and standardize the anti-money laundering work flow of local governments.
In addition, improve the anti-money laundering supervision system of local governments and increase the anti-money laundering supervision. First, strengthen communication and coordination with local banking supervision, securities supervision and insurance supervision departments, and strengthen supervision over anti-money laundering or related work of financial institutions within their respective authorities; Second, according to the needs and characteristics of anti-money laundering work, improve various supervision systems, establish a preventive system combining in-process control with post-event supervision, and formulate a sound law enforcement inspection system; The third is to strengthen on-site and off-site supervision of anti-money laundering.
Finally, give full play to the role of the anti-money laundering joint conference system and improve the efficiency of anti-money laundering work. Local governments should further strengthen communication with departments closely related to anti-money laundering, such as public security law, industry and commerce, customs, etc., establish regular information notification and case consultation mechanisms, study anti-money laundering strategies, discuss major issues in anti-money laundering work, and form a powerful anti-money laundering mechanism with division of labor and cooperation among departments. In customer information management, establish a unified customer information management service center. Specifically, the People's Bank of China can take the lead in coordinating the member units of the Inter-Ministerial Joint Conference on Anti-Money Laundering, integrate personal identity networking verification system, account management system, credit management system, industrial and commercial registration management system, organization code information system, tax collection and management system and other resources, establish a unified customer information management service center, realize the sharing of basic information resources, and effectively improve the efficiency of anti-money laundering work.
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April 25(th), 2006