Mountain, usually refers to the part of earth and stone that is obviously higher than the surface. In China, the surface protrusions made of earth and stone above 500 meters above sea level are called mountains, and those below 500 meters above sea level are called hills. Yue usually refers to tall mountains, such as the Five Mountains. Mountain is the general name of mountain range and the most widely distributed landform type on the earth's surface. China's mountainous area accounts for 84% of the country's total area, and Henan mountainous area accounts for 26.6% of the province's total area. If hilly areas are added, it can reach 44.6%. Mountain landscape, also known as mountain landscape, refers to the mountains with tourism and ornamental value. There are many large mountains in the world, but not all of them have tourism and ornamental value. Therefore, the concepts of mountain and mountain landscape are different, and the meanings of mountain landscape and mountain landscape are basically the same.

Mountain landscape is not only one of the basic types of natural landscape, but also one of the elements that combine with other landscape elements to form comprehensive beauty. The beauty of mountains and rivers formed by the combination of mountains and rivers, the beauty of mountains and forests, and the historical and cultural heritage formed by the combination of mountains, architecture and culture. In the history and culture of China, "landscape" is basically synonymous with "tourism". In the past, people often called tourism "sightseeing". Thus, mountain landscape plays a very important role in China's tourism activities. Mountain is the basic element of landscape, the stage and skeleton for landscaping and breeding, and the indispensable background and borrowing scenery for other landscapes. Some mountainous areas, such as Songshan Mountain, also have scientific research value, and are recognized by geologists at home and abroad as "natural geological museum" for studying the history of earth development and crustal tectonic movement. There are also some mountainous areas, such as Songshan Mountain, Taihang Mountain, Wuwangshan Mountain, Jigong Mountain and Longmen Mountain, which are rich in cultural heritage and have important social and historical values, and are known as "historical and cultural treasures". Therefore, mountain landscape is an important tourism resource and the material basis for a country or region to develop tourism.

Henan is a province with half hills and half plains, but all the mountains in Henan belong to low mountains (500 ~ 1000m above sea level) and Zhongshan (0 1000m ~ 3500m above sea level), but there are no high mountains (3500 ~ 5000m above sea level) and extremely high mountains (above 5000m above sea level).

Second, the formation of mountain landscape

Mountain landscape is not only the product of nature, but also the crystallization of human culture; It is not only a precious material wealth of mankind, but also a rare spiritual treasure house; It is not only an ideal place for tourism appreciation and aesthetic education, but also an "open-air classroom" with the function of popular science education. It is a "heirloom" that has been handed down for thousands of years and passed down from generation to generation.