The first paper on safety education for employees "Problems and countermeasures in current safety education for employees"
Abstract: Safety education is an important part of labor safety work, which plays an important role in enterprise safety management and is the key to ensure the safety of employees. However, due to the serious lag of safety education in recent period, some employees have weak safety awareness and poor self-safety awareness. Five fatal accidents occurred in Shanghai Railway Bureau on 20 14, which fully exposed the serious consequences of inadequate safety education. These five fatal accidents of employees were all caused by the collision of employees in the driving unit during operation. The main reason was that employees lacked the minimum safety awareness and operated illegally. In order to do a good job in employee safety education, I recently conducted a survey on this work, and now I have a preliminary discussion on the problems, causes and countermeasures in employee safety education.
[Keywords:] safety education for new employees; Reason; Countermeasures and suggestions
China Library Classification Number: X925 Document Identification Number: Part A Number:1009-914x (2014) 47-0188-01.
I. Main issues
1. The main problems existing in safety education for new employees are: First, the educational content is formalized and simplified, and the safety test papers of various types of work are standardized. For example, some workshops, workshops and teams have only one sentence. Common sense of post safety? In some sections of safety education for employees, there is no general situation of unit safety management and the content of key operating parts, and even the most basic common sense of safety operation is not included. Second, laborers, migrant workers and newly transferred employees do not carry out three-level safety education. Some newly transferred employees, although still in their original titles and doing their original jobs, changed their working environment and units, but did not carry out three-level safety education as required; According to the Law on Work Safety and the regulations of the Ministry, the employed laborers and migrant workers are all employees of the employing unit, but the laborers employed by some railway grass-roots units and migrant workers employed by public works, electric power and engineering units have not received three-level safety education. Third, the operation is not standardized. The main reasons are insufficient education time, reversed procedures and unfilled higher education materials.
2. The main problems existing in the annual safety education for all employees: First, there are too few examination questions for all employees, which are the same for several years. For example, some exam questions are so simple that they can be answered in 10 minutes, and this is the case every year. Second, the examination questions of employees with different titles in the unit are the same. In some years, only a set of safety education questions are given to all employees, but not to posts and types of work. Third, the test papers of the main leaders of many units were answered by others.
3.？ Sanxin? Education is not timely. After employees use new equipment, add new work content and change new working environment, they fail to carry out safety education in time, resulting in casualties.
4. Accident case education is not in place. Every accident is a good textbook for workers' safety education. However, we can't seriously investigate and deal with employee casualties, but treat it as a trivial matter and even hide the accident. The result is that the cause of the accident is unclear, the person responsible for the accident can't be found, and employees can't get education and necessary lessons, which will definitely cause similar accidents to happen again.
Second, the cause of the problem
The main reasons for the above problems are as follows: First, unit leaders do not attach importance to safety education. At present, the main leaders of many units have not asked about safety education for a long time, the units have not established an effective safety education management system, and there is a lack of effective cooperation and mutual restraint mechanism between departments, which leads to safety education going through the motions. Second, the quality of full-time and part-time workers in grass-roots labor safety is not high. Many full-time labor safety cadres have not been trained in the professional knowledge of safety production, and their professional ability is poor. After taking up their posts, they are exposed to the problem of congenital deficiency. Not only does it not work, but sometimes it has negative effects. Third, the safety supervision department failed to supervise and guide the safety education work of grass-roots units, and the safety supervision brigade of the Railway Bureau failed to inspect the safety education work of grass-roots units, with fewer notification problems and no effective supervision, inspection and guidance.
Three. Countermeasures and suggestions
Article 2 1 of the Law on Work Safety stipulates? The production and business operation entities shall educate and train the employees in production safety, so as to ensure that the employees have the necessary knowledge of production safety, be familiar with the relevant rules and regulations of production safety and safe operation procedures, and master the skills of safe operation in their posts. Employees who have not passed the safety education and training are not allowed to work at their posts? . In order to ensure the quality of workers' safety education, the following countermeasures are suggested.
1. Leaders attach importance to it and the system is perfect. Leaders at all levels must attach great importance to safety education, incorporate safety education into their annual and medium-and long-term plans, ensure the required personnel, funds and materials, and establish and improve all units? Sanxin? Three-level education system for personnel, safety education for all staff, safety education for special operators, safety education under special circumstances, pre-shift education, accident education, safety activity day (week, month) and other safety education systems can ensure that all departments can effectively cooperate and restrict each other, and employees who fail to pass the safety education cannot take up their posts.
2.？ Level three? Education is in place. The focus of safety education for new employees is to lay a solid foundation for employees' safety ideas and concepts. This level of education includes: guidelines, policies, laws and regulations, safety rules and regulations, responsibility for production safety, accident cases and safety reward and punishment system. The content of workshop safety education should focus on the basic knowledge of workshop safety technology, safety precautions in production and operation environment, and the education of relevant safety team operation knowledge; Safety team education should focus on on on-site safety operation, post hazard factors, safety precautions, accident rescue and emergency treatment measures, post safety operation standards and responsibilities. Three-level safety education should take a variety of convincing, enlightening and influential forms, such as video recording, visiting the scene of the accident and listening to the opinions of injured workers, so that new employees can feel and have knowledge, truly grasp the content of safety education, improve their safety awareness and self-protection awareness, enhance their sense of safety responsibility, and establish the idea that I want safety, I want safety and I want to ensure the safety of others. Education for all. In fact, safety education for all employees is to re-educate all employees about safety production once a year. Many accidents show that long-term failure to educate employees about safety will inevitably lead to a weak concept of safety in production. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the safety awareness of all employees through retraining education. The key contents of the annual employee education are mainly the case education of the accident in that year, the education of the safety situation, the education of the new safety regulations and the main safety matters of each post.
3.？ Sanxin? Education. After employees use new equipment, add new work contents and change the new working environment, they should know the new equipment, new work contents, new working environment and characteristics in time, and pay attention to the factors that may cause new hazards to employees' work safety and the protective methods. And formulate safety management system and safe operation, and timely carry out safety education on new equipment safety operation, new work content and adaptability of working environment to eliminate? Sanxin? Possible security risks.
4. Standardize management. First, we should conduct a safety examination on the content of safety education, and the number of questions should be based on post safety operation standards and related safety knowledge. Two, the education time shall not be less than the provisions of the state, the time order is the first unit, after the workshop, team. Fill in the registration form, seal it and file it after passing the third-level education. Fourthly, the educators of the three-level education should be the educators of the unit, the workshop and the security team respectively.
5. Strengthen inspection and guidance. First, safety supervision departments at all levels should strengthen the supervision, inspection and guidance of safety education in grass-roots units, regularly check safety education, report problems in time, and incorporate safety education into the main items of unit safety assessment. The second is to regularly train the heads of grass-roots units and full-time security officers to comprehensively improve the professional quality of safety management personnel. Third, after any casualty accident, it should be dealt with realistically, and all units in management should be informed in time so that every cadre and worker can receive education. Fourth, the railway bureau should regularly carry out colorful safety reports, lectures, safety knowledge contests and other activities, vigorously create a safety education atmosphere and promote safety education.
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