This paper mainly introduces the general requirements, technical points and construction period of hydropower construction from the perspective of modern water conservancy and hydropower construction technology. According to the experience summarized in practice, this paper requires the technical personnel of water conservancy and hydropower to master it carefully and apply it to practical work to ensure the construction quality, speed up the project progress and improve the economic benefits.
Keywords: water conservancy project; Protect water resources; Hydraulic architecture; Construction technology; construction period
introduce
In the construction of modern water conservancy and hydropower projects, the primary task is to eliminate water disasters, build water conservancy projects, and create necessary conditions for industrial and agricultural production and people's material and cultural life on the premise of developing, utilizing and protecting water resources. It is a great cause that benefits the country and the people, the present and the future. Therefore, we must maintain a high sense of responsibility, strictly control quality, strive to increase the application of science and technology in water conservancy and hydropower construction, and improve production efficiency.
1 Modern water conservancy and hydropower construction technology pays more attention to technical content.
For a long time, due to the restriction of industry characteristics, water conservancy and hydropower construction is labor-intensive, the speed of technology update is very slow, and the scientific and cultural quality of employees is low. For a long time, we have been following the old system and methods. Under the premise of the current market economy, we must vigorously develop scientific and technological productive forces, improve the quality of technical personnel in engineering units, enhance the knowledge renewal ability of employed scientific and technological personnel, strengthen the concept that science and technology are the primary productive forces, attach importance to scientific and technological innovation, and guide them from policies. The urgent task is to persevere and achieve remarkable results. High-tech content such as the application of rapid measurement technology in hydropower projects will certainly promote the progress of the project, improve the quality of the project construction, and make important contributions to the enterprise's core competitiveness and brand building.
1. 1 high-tech products
The application of GPS positioning technology in water conservancy and hydropower construction is accompanied by the appearance and continuous development and perfection of GPS positioning technology, which not only provides new technical means and methods for engineering survey, but also revolutionizes surveying and mapping positioning technology. Over the years, the conventional ground positioning technology with angle measurement, ranging and leveling as the main body has been gradually replaced by GPS technology, which has the characteristics of high speed, high efficiency and high precision, and its positioning range has expanded to the whole universe. Its positioning mode has expanded from static to dynamic, and its positioning service field has expanded from navigation and mapping to a broader field of national economic construction. GPS receiver has gradually become a universal positioning instrument, which has been widely used in engineering survey and can greatly improve work efficiency.
1.2 AtuoCAD aided design technology
Computer aided design (CAD) is a new technical application software developed in the early 1980s. I believe everyone is familiar with it. Now it has been widely used in various fields. Especially in the field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, the work efficiency of engineers and technicians has been greatly improved. Using AutoCAD and AutoLisp, some commonly used calculation programs can be compiled and customized calculation results can be obtained. This provides a more accurate scientific basis for engineering construction. There are many complicated calculations in water conservancy and hydropower engineering, especially the intersection lines of various shapes, which need to be solved by spatial analytic geometry. Manual calculation by calculator alone is very complicated, and the workload is very large, and the accuracy cannot be guaranteed. It has long been based on the experience of old technicians. Now, this problem can be solved by establishing a digital model with Auto-CAD and performing the function of point coordinate query. The characteristics of AutoCAD provide another brand-new intuitive graphic calculation method for measuring indoor data calculation. On the other hand, it is the drawing of cross-sectional and longitudinal sections of various projects, as well as the calculation of cross-sectional area and other necessary drawings. Thus greatly reducing the work intensity and workload of engineering survey.
1.3 database technology and GIS technology have realized the efficient application of water conservancy and hydropower engineering construction.
With the gradual automation and digitization of survey data collection and data processing, the most effective way for surveyors to better use and manage a large amount of surveying and mapping information accumulated or collected for a long time and better serve the engineering construction is to establish a database or information system by using database technology or GIS technology. The purpose of doing this is to scientifically store a large number of survey data or information, establish a three-dimensional digital terrain model, improve the utilization rate of survey data, reduce the duplication of human labor, facilitate retrieval, analysis, distribution and utilization, and realize scientific and modern management and service. The application of geographic information system in the construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects is something in recent years. It uses three-dimensional panoramic virtual display of the general layout of the building, intuitively reflects the relationship between components in space and time, and realizes the visual query, analysis and statistical calculation of various information, thus realizing the dynamic simulation demonstration of the whole process of building construction. Based on the digitalization, visualization and visualization of information, the dynamic process of complex engineering construction is described intuitively and clearly.
2. Modern water conservancy construction should strengthen traditional construction technology.
2. 1 Construction of Prestressed Anchors in Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering Construction
Prestressed anchorage technology is a potential engineering measure with remarkable benefits and wide application. It can not only strengthen the original building, but also show its unique function in the new project. Prestressed anchorage has been paid attention to by various departments at home and abroad because of its special advantages in transmitting tensile stress. Prestressed anchorage is the general name of prestressed rock anchorage and prestressed concrete anchorage, and it is an anchorage technology developed on the basis of prestressed concrete. This traditional technology, combined with GPS positioning technology and other emerging scientific technologies, can more effectively prestress bedrock or building according to the direction, size and anchorage depth required by the design, thus achieving the purpose of strengthening or improving its stress conditions.
2.2 Application of Mass Roller Compacted Concrete Technology in Water Conservancy and Hydropower Project Construction
Roller compacted concrete (RCC) is a new dam-building technology that has risen and developed rapidly in recent 20 years and has been widely used in the world. It uses large-scale transportation and vibration rolling machinery to fill earth-rock dam, compacts very dry and hard concrete mixture, and adopts the pouring method of large-volume thin-layer rolling and rising. This construction method has the advantages of high speed, low investment and high economic benefit. It is most suitable for large volume and area (such as road surface, airstrip, etc. ) concrete construction. The first project in the world in which RCC is widely used is the rehabilitation project of the spillway tunnel of Tabora Dam contracted by US Army Engineers in Pakistan 1975. The experimental study of roller compacted concrete in China is applicable to 1978. RCC is different from conventional concrete in that the mixture is dry and hard, and the slump is zero. The construction method is closer to the filling method of earth-rock dam, which adopts thin layer paving and vibration rolling surface compaction, while the conventional dam concrete construction adopts columnar block and plug-in tamping. Engineering practice shows that RCC has the advantages of fast construction speed and high economic benefit.
2.3 Application of construction diversion and cofferdam technology in water conservancy and hydropower construction
In the construction of water conservancy projects, construction diversion is an important engineering measure unique to dam construction. What kind of diversion scheme to choose is related to the construction period, quality, cost and safety of the whole project, so the design should be cautious in advance. In the construction of water conservancy projects, cofferdams are usually used to solve the problem of construction diversion. Construction diversion is to compete with rivers for land and time for the construction of hydraulic structures, which is closely related to the overall construction progress. The division of diversion period, the selection of diversion flow and the formulation of diversion scheme and measures should be based on the requirements of the national construction plan and the control progress of the main works of hydraulic structures. In fact, the total schedule of controlled construction is the time index that dams and diversion projects must reach in flood competition. How to survive the flood safely is the most critical in construction. The diversion project must meet the requirements of the total construction schedule to the maximum extent, arrange the construction period reasonably, be familiar with geographical knowledge and design carefully.
Modern water conservancy and hydropower construction technology takes protecting the environment as its own responsibility.
Old building methods often pollute the environment. It is extremely urgent to combine high-tech means, improve the old construction methods, speed up the project progress and formulate strict environmental protection standards on the premise of protecting the environment. In this process, strict implementation supervision is also essential, which is a cause for the welfare of future generations and a prerequisite for creating a harmonious society.
Concluding remarks
Several water conservancy and hydropower construction technologies are introduced above, and there are many construction technologies, such as microelectronics, space technology and laser technology, which have also made great contributions to the construction. The mature application of these construction technologies in water conservancy and hydropower construction can make hydraulic structures more stable and safe. Our related technicians are also required to combine new technology with old technology, take its essence, discard its dross, penetrate each other, improve each other, understand and learn these construction technologies more deeply, and apply them to work.
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