"Underdevelopment" is the basic situation in Guizhou at this stage.
Since the founding of New China, especially since the reform and opening up, with the correct leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council and the strong support from all sides, the economic and social outlook of Guizhou Province has undergone remarkable changes, and its comprehensive strength, comprehensive competitiveness and people's living standards have been greatly improved. But on the whole, the underdeveloped situation in Guizhou Province has not been fundamentally changed.
As the only province in China with a per capita GDP of less than 800 US dollars, the "two debts" can be described as a summary of the situation in Guizhou Province. When Guizhou is slightly gratified by the development achievements in some aspects in recent years, the overall judgment of "two debts" requires Guizhou to redouble its efforts, and it must not be relaxed at all, let alone complacent. Of course, Guizhou should also see that such a provincial situation has its special causes.
First of all, natural geographical conditions have restricted the development of Guizhou. Guizhou is a veritable "mountain country". In the land area of 176 10000 square kilometers, mountains and hills account for 92.5%. "Even in the sky between the peaks, birds can't cross." Long-term traffic inconvenience, underdeveloped social factors, difficult development and low degree of openness.
Secondly, there are historical reasons. Although Guizhou was established in the 11th year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (A.D. 14 13), the rulers at that time only used it as a garrison to prevent accidents. In the Qing Dynasty, Guizhou was the poorest of 18 provinces. Today, more than half a century after the founding of New China, Guizhou is still in the early stage of industrialization.
Third, the economic structure. Because Guizhou is rich in natural resources, it has been built into a raw material base under the planned system. This development model, which focuses on the production of primary products, puts Guizhou at a disadvantage in the whole division of labor system, resulting in problems such as short industrial chain, low added value and insufficient vitality.
Geographical environment is the stage of human activities and the objective carrier of all production and life activities. The provincial situation of "underdevelopment, underdevelopment" is an unavoidable starting point for Guizhou's development.
Extended data:
Dialectically, the judgment of "two debts" clearly reflects Guizhou's huge late-developing advantages and development potential, and implies a bright future for Guizhou.
In the mid-1980s, some scholars pointed out:
Poverty in Guizhou is "rich poverty".
Guizhou is "poor but not white". The "underdeveloped" state of Guizhou's economy and society is closely related to the "underdeveloped" state of rich resources. Guizhou is rich in energy resources and is the most important energy base in southern China.
The exploitable hydropower resources reach16.83 million kilowatts, ranking sixth in the country; Coal reserves rank fifth in China, exceeding the sum of Jiangnan 12 provinces and regions, and it is known as "Jiangnan Coal Sea". Coalbed methane resources with a buried depth of less than 2000 meters account for 22% of the country.
Guizhou is rich in mineral resources. In addition to coal, there are 27 kinds of mineral reserves in the top five in Guizhou. Barite, bauxite, phosphate rock, manganese ore, antimony ore and even gold ore all occupy an important position in the country.
Guizhou is rich in biological resources and has good biodiversity. There are more than 3,800 species of wild plants and 0/000 species of wild animals in the province, which is one of the four major producing areas of Chinese herbal medicines in China. Known as "the cornucopia of biological resources".
Guizhou is rich in tourism resources and has a pleasant climate. With typical karst landforms, it is the Permian and Triassic scientific research and viewing base with the most geographical and geological value in the world.
Historical culture and national culture are well preserved, and mysterious and magnificent natural scenery, simple and rich ethnic customs and long and heavy historical culture complement each other. In addition, winter is a big greenhouse, and summer is a big air conditioner with pleasant climate. It can be called charming "the summer resort of the people of the whole country, the big garden of the Chinese nation and the holiday resort of domestic and foreign tourists".
Francisco, Secretary General of the World Tourism Organization? Francoli praised Guizhou as a "state of culture, ecology, song and dance and fine wine".
Guizhou is rich in national cultural resources. Guizhou is a multi-ethnic province, with Miao, Buyi, Dong, Shui, Gelao and Yi ethnic groups 17. It is the birthplace of mountain culture represented by Yelang, and it is also a big corridor for ethnic mobility. It comes from different regions, and its culture has its own characteristics, forming a peculiar "cultural thousand islands", which can be called a grand national culture museum.
The national culture represented by flying songs of Miao nationality, big songs of Dong nationality and octave singing of Buyi nationality is well-known at home and abroad.
With the development of the western region, the geographical disadvantage of Guizhou's "three non-routes" is becoming the advantage of "western corridor"; Rich resources can not only support the sound and rapid economic development of this province, but also support the development of the eastern and central regions.
Although the relative closure of historical forms has led to the low frequency and low effectiveness of economic and cultural exchanges between Guizhou and other regions, it has left a unique historical culture and ethnic and folk cultural resources.
As a late-developing area, Guizhou has a broader imagination space, and it is easier to learn from and absorb advanced development models and give play to its late-developing advantages.
The situation of the province is dynamic, constantly changing with its own development and changes in the objective environment. Due to the change of external environment, the "short" at that time will become the "long" at that time.
References:
China * * * news of the production party-"Underdevelopment and Underdevelopment": an opportunity for Guizhou's historical leap.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Guizhou Province Situation Course