Chen Jiayong (1922 February 2009 17-2065438+26), a native of Jintang County, Sichuan Province, is a famous hydrometallurgical and chemical engineer in China and an academician of China Academy of Sciences.
1943 graduated from the Department of Chemical Engineering of Central University, and 195 1 received a doctorate in chemical engineering from the University of Illinois (urbana-Champaign campus). After that, he did postdoctoral research at MIT and the University of Illinois, and worked as a research engineer at DuPont's research institute. From 65438 to 0956, he returned to China as a researcher at the Institute of Process Engineering of China Academy of Sciences (formerly Institute of Chemical Metallurgy). 1980 was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences. 1993 1 month, served as the director of China Chemical Industry Society. 20 19 At 5: 30 on August 26th, Chen Jiayong died in Beijing at the age of 98.
It has made important contributions to aerosol filtration and polyester continuous polymerization engineering. The main research fields are chemical engineering and hydrometallurgy.
Chinese name: Chen Jiayong.
Nationality: China.
Ethnic group: Han nationality
Place of birth: Jintang County, Sichuan Province
Date of birth:1Feb. 92217th.
Date of death: 2065438+August 26th, 2009.
Occupation: educational and scientific research worker
Graduate school: Department of Chemical Engineering, National Central University
Main achievements: 1980 was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences.
Representative works: Handbook of Hydrometallurgy, Research and Development of Hydrometallurgy, Fundamentals of Chemical Reaction Engineering.
The life of the character
1922 February 17, from Jintang County, Sichuan Province.
1943 graduated from the chemistry department of National Central University (now Nanjing University of Technology) in August, and later worked as a teaching assistant in this school.
1947 After graduation, he entered the University of Illinois (Urbana-Champaign campus) to study chemical engineering, and obtained master's and doctor's degrees at 1949 and 195 1 respectively.
From 65438 to 0948, Chen Jiayong married Liu Rong, who graduated from the Chemistry Department of Central University of the United States, and studied at the University of Illinois.
1951February as a postdoctoral associate researcher in the Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
1August, 952, postdoctoral associate researcher, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois, USA.
1954 was hired as a research engineer by Joecks institute of DuPont chemical company in the United States at the beginning of the year, and participated in the research and development of polyester continuous polymerization, which made the product put into production more smoothly and quickly.
1February, 1954, worked as a research engineer in the film research institute of DuPont Chemical Company.
1956 After returning to China in June, he assisted Director Ye in establishing the Institute of Chemical Metallurgy of China Academy of Sciences, and led the establishment of the first laboratory specializing in hydrometallurgy from the perspective of chemical engineering in China, serving as director and researcher.
1958-1984, director of hydrometallurgy research office.
1978, as the director of Huaye Institute.
1978-1984, deputy director of the institute of chemical metallurgy.
From 1980 to 1983, he served as the deputy director of Huaye Institute and made great contributions to the establishment and construction of Huaye Institute.
1980 was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences (now known as an academician).
198 1 Elected member of Chemistry Department of China Academy of Sciences.
1984 1 month, served as the vice chairman of China nonferrous metals society.
1993 1, director of China Chemical Industry Society.
1993 0 1 has served as the editorial board and editor-in-chief of Journal of Chemical Engineering (English version), and has also served as a member of the fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh CPPCC sessions. In addition, he was elected as vice chairman of China Nonferrous Metals Society, director of China Metals Society and consultant of China Labor Protection Society.
On June 26th, 2005, Science China published a photo claiming that he died on August 6th, 2004. Chen Jiayong thought someone was cursing him, and he was very angry and upset. The plaintiff's spirit was damaged, and he requested the court to decide that the magazine Scientific China People should bear the civil liability for restoring its reputation and eliminating its influence. The court ruled that Scientific China magazine compensated the plaintiff mental damage compensation for 50,000 yuan.
20 19 At 5: 30 on August 26th, Chen Jiayong died in Beijing at the age of 98.
Major achievements
achievements in scientific research
In 1950s, he did postdoctoral research in MIT and University of Illinois, and worked as a research engineer in DuPont's research institute, making important contributions to aerosol filtration and polyester continuous polymerization engineering. 1956 after returning to China, during his stay in the Institute of Chemical Metallurgy (now Institute of Process Engineering) of China Academy of Sciences, he carried out long-term innovative scientific research and development work in hydrometallurgical treatment of refractory metal ores in China, preparation of new composite coating powder, heterogeneous reaction engineering, separation principles, technologies and methods of metals, antibiotics and enzymes, such as developing a new technology for efficient extraction and separation of vanadium, chromium and rhenium and molybdenum. Long-term adherence to the production of a variety of self-developed composite coating powders has met the needs of China's national defense industry.
innovation research
Chen Jiayong's scientific research and academic activities began as early as after graduating from university.
1943 to 1947, working as a teaching assistant in the Department of Chemistry of Central University, with extremely difficult conditions. Under the guidance of Professor Gao, DDT was synthesized in Chongqing.
In the autumn of 1952, his former doctoral supervisor, H.F. Johnstone, specially invited him to preside over the research of "filtering aerosol with fiber layer". In the research of 1.5 years, the previous view that there is a particle size that is the most difficult to filter is proved, and it is clear that the particle size is not a constant, but related to operating parameters. At the same time, the previous filtration theory and filtration pressure drop were improved and developed. Some of the achievements were published in the American ChemicalReview published in 1955, which attracted the attention of all parties, translated into many languages and widely quoted. Until today, this paper is still regarded as an authoritative summary of early scientific research work in aerosol field (before 1955).
During the period of 1954, Chen Jiayong was employed by DuPont Company of the United States as a research engineer in the film department of Joecks Institute, and participated in the research on the continuous polymerization process of polyethylene terephthalate. In this study, he introduced some concepts of chemical reaction engineering that had just arisen at that time, and put forward new views on the control factors of polymerization speed to explain the different polymerization results under various conditions, and predicted that the polymerization speed could still be greatly accelerated. His experimental design was later confirmed by another colleague, which changed many different views and methods on the strengthening process at that time and was highly valued. At the same time, he also researched and developed a new polymerization reactor, and carried out pilot-scale amplification experiments, which achieved good results.
wet metallurgy
From the end of11950 s to the beginning of11960 s, Chen Jiayong closely combined the research work of the research institute with major issues in national economic construction, mainly engaged in the hydrometallurgy research of copper oxide ore, a refractory ore in Dongchuan, Yunnan Province, and the hydrometallurgy research of nickel oxide ore and imported high arsenic cobalt ore in Mojiang, Yunnan Province, and developed a number of advanced hydrometallurgy new processes and processes, which also put forward new topics for future theoretical research. The Institute of Chemical Metallurgy of China Academy of Sciences has established a hydrometallurgical laboratory, with Chen Jiayong as its director. Metal smelting generally adopts pyrometallurgy, that is, metal is separated from raw ore at high temperature. Hydrometallurgy is to extract and separate metals from raw ore (raw materials) by using certain solvents and chemical actions, including oxidation, reduction, neutralization, hydrolysis and complexation. As an independent discipline and technology, hydrometallurgy has developed rapidly, mainly during World War II, many chemical engineers entered this field to solve the hydrometallurgy problem of uranium. This laboratory led by Chen Jiayong is the first one in China to engage in metallurgical research from the perspective of chemical engineering. It is in a leading position in China in terms of ore pressure leaching, pressure hydrogen reduction, and preparation of metal powder from aqueous solution. It lays a partial foundation for the development of new metallurgical processes, new materials, heterogeneous reactors and the study of metallurgical reaction kinetics under heating and pressure.
From the late 1960s to the early 1970s, Chen Jiayong advocated the combination of chemical reaction engineering and hydrometallurgy, and carried out research on gas, liquid and solid three-phase reactors and heterogeneous reaction kinetics. These studies have continued to this day, and many important achievements have been made, and some high-level papers have been published, which laid the foundation for the later biochemical engineering research of the institute. During this period, in view of the difficulty in separating nonferrous metals from Jinchuan Nickel-Cobalt-Copper Mine in Gansu Province, under his leadership, separation science and separation engineering research were carried out in hydrometallurgy laboratory, and extraction chemistry group and extraction engineering group were established successively. Later, in view of the difficulty in separating vanadium from chromium in some occurrences of vanadium-titanium magnetite in Panzhihua, Sichuan, he and his colleagues found that amine extractant can be used for very effective separation, and made a breakthrough, thus promoting the separation of a series of commonly associated metals such as vanadium and chromium, tungsten and molybdenum, copper and rhenium, arsenic, phosphorus and silicon from tungsten and molybdenum, and the effective separation of iron and sulfuric acid solution with mixed extractant. At the same time, the theoretical research on solvent extraction of amine extractant has also made great progress. In academic conferences at home and abroad, in magazines such as China Science and Shui Ye, they have published many papers, expounding the important properties of amine extractants that have not been discovered by predecessors. Part of this research has been patented. The synergistic extraction of amine and neutral extractant won the third prize of 1987 National Natural Science Award for its unique insights. Under the leadership of Chen Jiayong, the research of separation science is developing to a new extraction system for antibiotics and other biochemical products, and new progress has been made. Great progress has also been made in the application and theoretical research of separation projects such as rotary table extraction tower and vibrating screen plate tower.
Due to the influence of the "Cultural Revolution", the direction of the Institute of Chemical Metallurgy is uncertain. In this case, Chen Jiayong continued to adhere to the original research direction, actively consulted the literature, conducted investigation and research, and carried out the research on separating metal powder from aqueous solution containing nickel and cobalt by hydrogen under pressure, and made it tightly and uniformly deposited on the pre-added core material to make composite coating powder, which was successful and met the needs of national defense industry. He developed a large number of composite powder materials to meet different needs, such as nickel-coated aluminum powder, cobalt-coated tungsten carbide powder, nickel-coated graphite powder and aluminum-coated hollow glass balls. These materials can be used as wear-resistant, self-bonding and sealing coatings on aircraft engines by thermal spraying, thus reducing aircraft fuel consumption and improving engine life and thrust. Related projects won the National Science Congress Award 1978 and the first prize of China Academy of Sciences 198 1 significant achievements. For the above-mentioned composite coating powder, Chen Jiayong has long insisted on organizing small batch production to meet the needs of aviation industry and make contributions to the development of national defense industry and national economy.
1In the early 1970s, in view of the harsh working conditions of lead smelting by pyrometallurgy and according to the international development trend at that time, Chen Jiayong started the research on lead hydrometallurgy in China. With the joint efforts of researchers in the institute, a new process of converting lead sulfide into metal lead by wet carbonation was developed to recover lead from waste batteries. This achievement has been patented and put into production in many small and medium-sized enterprises. At present, this technology has been applied to the smelting process of gold ore containing lead sulfide, which has contributed to the recovery of lead and the increase of gold and silver output.
Environmental governance
In the aspect of environmental treatment, in view of the environmental pollution caused by the high alloy electrolytic mud of the Ministry of Space 170 factory, Chen Jiayong used hydrometallurgy to recover metals, which achieved good results, reduced environmental pollution, achieved remarkable social benefits and won the second prize of national defense scientific and technological progress.
Since 1980s, Chen Jiayong, who has entered the sixties, has been more active in academic activities. He has received many famous scholars from some European countries and the United States, Japan and Australia, and organized many academic lectures, which promoted academic exchanges at home and abroad and enlivened the academic atmosphere of the institute. At the same time, he went to Australia, the United States, Canada, Japan, Britain, Germany, the former Soviet Union, Belgium and other countries to attend academic conferences, give lectures or make academic visits. From 65438 to 0983, he was invited to give a speech entitled "Hydrometallurgy in China" at the Third International Hydrometallurgy Conference held in Atlanta, USA. From 65438 to 0988, he presided over the "Beijing International Hydrometallurgical Conference" and achieved great success. Because of his outstanding academic achievements in this field, he enjoys a high reputation at home and abroad.
publish a monograph
Journal paper
Winning record
Honor recognition
1980 was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences.
Personality assessment
Chen Jiayong is modest, prudent and approachable. His tireless cultivation of young people over the years is another important contribution to the construction of the motherland. He often teaches young people to "learn but not be satisfied", "know what you know, don't know what you don't know", pay attention to "modesty and prudence" and "set an example". Chen Jiayong is not only a mentor for young people, but also a good friend of the institute staff. (China Science Review)