1. Plagiarism: publishing content in a paper, or using sentences and paragraphs from other articles without indicating the source or explicitly pointing out that this is academic misconduct.

2. Data fraud: the digital data, experimental data and survey data in the paper are untrue or not handled according to the actual situation, which is academic misconduct.

3. The format is not standardized: the typesetting of the paper is not standardized, the format of references is wrong, and the number of words is insufficient, which affects the quality of the paper and the reading experience.

4. The research is not rigorous: the research method is improper, the conclusion is inaccurate, and the experimental design is unreasonable. Affect the scientificity and credibility of the paper.